Class 2 Notes (Proteins)

Nutrition 210 ? Class 2 (Protein) January 7, 2009 Protein (continued) Functions: Help build and maintain muscle fibers / other structures Enzymes (act as catalysts, which helps to speed up certain reactions) Antibodies Energy (Low %) Others Protein Digestion: Goal: Get to amino acids HCL: Used for unraveling proteins into amino acids Digestive enzyme activation Essential Amino Acids Only nine out of the 20 amino acids are essential. These nine amino acids cannot be made by the body? you have to consume them through foods. Protein Quality Complete: All nine essential amino acids Animal proteins (except gelatin) Soy (though low methionine) Incomplete: Do not have all nine essential amino acids Vegetable proteins Nuts, seeds, and legumes are incomplete?but they have the highest number of the nine essential amino acids. Complimentation Complimentation is the act of combining multiple ?incomplete protein foods? to get a complete protein diet (all nine essential amino acids). Eat more than one food to receive all the essential amino acids. Two American Groups Most Prone To Protein Deficiency: Anorexics Some long term hospital patients Protein For The World Plant vs. Animal Protein/Acre (soybeans or cow) While cows produce a significant amount of protein in themselves, growing soybeans makes the most use out of the least amount of space. Real issue? Cows produce higher quality protein, but soybeans produce more protein from a quantitative perspective. Aspartame Not a carbohydrate Has calories NutraSweet Amino Acids Has calories (high sweetness) Dilute solutions Protein and Exercise Needs More Protein To/For: Maintain muscle fibers The body can only recycle so many amino acids, so amino acid needs need to be met. Build new muscle (mostly during weight gain) Energy (though more cholesterol and fat still account for some energy release) How much more protein do you need? Not fully known, but usually unsure. 1.25 x RDA < Needs < 2 x RDA (still unsure) Highest during muscle weight gain or very high endurance training Protein supplements: there may be other factors than total protein Why Eat Carbohydrates? Other nutrients Restrict fat Energy