Class 5: Immunology
Molecular Biology 55 with Beatty/vance at University of California - Berkeley
About this deck
By: Britta Jewell
Created: 2008-09-24
Size: 22 flashcards
Views: 14
Created: 2008-09-24
Size: 22 flashcards
Views: 14
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Pathogens can be:
(4 answers)
(4 answers)
- Viral
- Eukaryotic
- Bacterial
- No known archaeal pathogens
Gram positive or Gram negativeIntracellular or Extracellular
(1 answer)
(1 answer)
- Obligate or Facultative
Pathogen Associated Molecular Patterns (PAMPs)
(2 answers)
(2 answers)
- 1989, Charlie Janeway predicted the immune system is hardwired to recognize specific features of pathogens:
- Ex. PAMP on the bacterium fits into the receptor (located on the surface of the immune cell) like a key into a lock
The immune system has many components that work together
(3 answers)
(3 answers)
- Blood
- Other barriers
- White blood cells circulate through blood vessels and the lymph system
Cells of the Innate Immune System
(2 answers)
(2 answers)
- Phagocytes:
- Non-Phagocytes:
1989, Charlie Janeway predicted the immune system is hardwired to recognize specific features of pathogens:
(2 answers)
(2 answers)
- features must be conserved among different pathogens
- features must be very difficult for pathogens to alter
Eukaryotic
(3 answers)
(3 answers)
- Fungal (e.g., Aspergillus, Histoplasma)
- Protozoan (e.g., Malaria, Toxoplasma)
- Helminths (large parasitic worms)
Systematic classification of living things based on nucleotide sequence of genomes, instead of merely the observable characteristics
(3 answers)
(3 answers)
- Used ribosomal RNA sequences to determine the relatedness among species
- "Phylogenetic tree"
- Three major domains of life: Bacteria, Eucarya, Archaea
Plasma
(3 answers)
(3 answers)
- Diffuses into tissues
- Collected by a duct system called the lymphatic system
- Dumped back into the blood
Bacterial
(2 answers)
(2 answers)
- Gram positive or Gram negative
- Intracellular or Extracellular
White blood cells circulate through blood vessels and the lymph system
(1 answer)
(1 answer)
- Initiation of immune responses often begin in lymph nodes nearest to site of infection
Strategies to Sense Infection
(2 answers)
(2 answers)
- Self-Nonself Discrimination:
- Damage Model
Intracellular vs. Extracellular bacteria
(2 answers)
(2 answers)
- Some bacteria (
- Extracellular bacteria
Other barriers
(3 answers)
(3 answers)
- Skin
- Mucocilliary clearance
- Lysozyme
How are pathogens sensed?
(5 answers)
(5 answers)
- Pathogens and nonpathogens are diverse
- Our bodies are already filled with microbes
- Pathogens and nonpathogens can be very similar
- Pathogens evolve rapidly
- Strategies to Sense Infection
Ex. PAMP on the bacterium fits into the receptor (located on the surface of the immune cell) like a key into a lock
(2 answers)
(2 answers)
- When the receptor binds to the PAMP, a biochemical signal is transmitted into the cell.
- The cell then initiates an immune response, e.g., produces cytokines
) replicate within host cells
(2 answers)
(2 answers)
- E.g.,
- Intracellular bacteria hide from some parts of the immune system
Innate Immune System
(2 answers)
(2 answers)
- Initial recognition of infection
- Initial nonspecific responses to hold infection in check and alert Adaptive Immune System (inflammation)
Adaptive Immune System
(1 answer)
(1 answer)
- Specific responses usually required to eliminate pathogen (involves B cells and T cells) - peaks several days after infection
Tree of Life
(1 answer)
(1 answer)
- Systematic classification of living things based on nucleotide sequence of genomes, instead of merely the observable characteristics
Pathogens are diverse and can be classified in many ways
(2 answers)
(2 answers)
- Nonliving: viruses
- Living: bacteria
(circulates through organs)
(3 answers)
(3 answers)
- RBC
- WBC
- Plasma
About this deck
By: Britta Jewell
Created: 2008-09-24
Size: 22 flashcards
Views: 14
Created: 2008-09-24
Size: 22 flashcards
Views: 14
About StudyBlue
STUDYBLUE makes things that make you better at school.
Things like online flashcards with photos and audio.
Things like personalized quizzes and friendly reminders about when (and what) to study next.
Think of it as a digital backpack™: access to all of your study materials online and on your phone.
STUDYBLUE exists to make studying efficient and effective for every student, for free. Join us.
“I have been getting MUCH better grades on all my tests for school. Flash cards, notes, and quizzes are great on here. Thanks!”
Kathy
Kathy