Conformity and Conflict Reading Notes - CH 9, 15, 16, 17 and Sakai 14

Anthro 101 Conformity and Conflict Reading Notes Chapter 9: Anthropologists Investigate Communications Technology Mellor Migrants are more likely to use new communication tools like IM, texting, Skype, webcams etc. because they are staying in touch transnationally with family. Uses of communication: Fixed Line Phones: public calls, relevant to everyone in the house Mobile Calls: last minute planning, some business Texting; intimacy, emotions and efficiency Email: administration and exchanging documents/pictures/music IM: continuous channels through the day Chapter 15: Global Woman in the New Economy Erenreich and Hochschild Reasons for little media attention on the migration of Third world women to first world homes for work: They are women of color = racial discounting ?Hidden away? in the homes/hotels that they work in Illegal work of ?sex workers? Invisibility of migrant women and their work Individualism lacks to recognize others help Affluent women need to uphold the façade of ?doing it all? Cross Regional Migration Flows: Southeast Asia to the Middle and Far East Former Soviet bloc to Western Europe South to North America ? longest running labor migration in the world Africa to various part of Europe Morocco to France, Ethiopia, Eritrea and Cape Verde to Italy Affluent workforce PULLS migrants, Poverty PUSHES them Chapter 16: Cocaine and the Economic Deterioration of Bolivia Weatherford Destruction of the Andean system of production and distribution Cocaine trade is the new commodity and has cut off many villages from its trade route Production of Cocaine: Extremely hard and dangerous 300-500 Kg of dried leaves are used to make 1 kg of pure cocaine The leaves are dried and the coated with kerosene, sulfuric acid, acetone and salt. The leaves have to be trampled for a day (This causes shoes to burn and disintegrate so men use bare feet, which causes their feet to burn and disintegrate as well. Some resort to hand but that is much worse) Men usually become handicapped physically and mentally from this work and are left unemployed Cocaine manufacturers supply food and water, drugs, and sex. Diseases easily spread. Kids are born with syphilitic sores and AIDS was diagnosed Significant effect of the cocaine trade is that as it is attempted to be eradicated workers are going deeper into the jungle to remote places and interfering with primitive tribes. Peasants actively protest the coca trade Because they lost all their potato fields in the flood and don?t have any means of survival Smuggling of the cocaine from Toco to Chochabamba to the outside world 70% of the population in poor and lives in villages on the outskirts of the more developed villages Price increases for cocaine occurs outside Bolivia and all the profit for the cocaine trade is kept by the criminal organizations Chapter 17: Malawi Verses the World Bank Patten ?Washington Consensus? ? a group of economic organizations and their impact on rural families of Malawi Trade a days labor for a days food GOAL: to bring about basic reform to poor nations, rapidly moving their economies in the direction of capitalism and incorporation into the global marketplace Malawi and fertilizer subsidies Sakai 14: Illegal Logging and Frontier Conservation Williamson Hunting and farming. Sell gods and rice to traders ?Cuartoneros? ? log illegal for the same reason Chimanes do, but they work differently Causes for illegal logging: Economic necessity Increases small family income Rivers are very important in terms of timber extraction. When rivers are high they can float the wood al the way to San Borja Use the Indians to help scout the mahogany trees, trees can be about 6 ½ feet thick. They cut up the trees into wedges and carry them back to the river. When they get to the rivers they attach the wood together and float in down to San Borja. Cuartoneros are not as destructive as they seem. Mechanized logging is more destructive ? industrial-logging companies may have to cut and market less valuable woods to justify high prices of logging roads. Road are cut by bulldozers and are very destructive Large mahoganys are the trees that regenerate the species and these are the ones that the loggers cut down Problems with the forestry projects: Chimanes Indians have no tribal government or agency that can deal with logging companies Chimanes council ? negotiates timber deals with outsiders on behalf of the tribe Forest Service?s choice of logging companies that have rights to do the work Employment: only one or two men from each village are chosen Logging law and policy cannot be enforced