Astronomy Final
Physics And Astronomy 1455 with Russell at Baylor University
About this deck
By: Lauren Ward
Created: 2010-12-08
Size: 39 flashcards
Views: 89
Created: 2010-12-08
Size: 39 flashcards
Views: 89
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Aristotle
Most associated with the ancient greek world view
Aristarchus
Rejected the geocentric world view
Eratosthenes
Accurately determined the size of the earth
Ptolemy
Almagest
Geocentric Model of the Universe
Earth is the center of the universe
Heliocentric Model
Earth and planets revolve around the sun
Copernicus
Heliocentric world view
Tycho Brahe
Last astronomer w/out a telescope.
Provided Kepler w/ the data needed in order to develop his three Laws
Kepler: Three Laws of Planetary Motion
-Eliptical
-Equal Area, Equal Time
-p2=a3
Galileo
Used telescope and challenged the conventional wisdom of the motion of objects; and the nature of the heavens
Galileos Telescope observations
Phases of Venus
Moons of Jupiter
Sunspots
Mountains on the Moon
Newton
Three Laws of Motion:
-Inertia
-F=ma
-For every action there is an equal & opposite reaction
Universal Law of Gravity
null
Frequency wavelength
Velocity of light
Light is...
One type of electromagnetic wave
Long Wavelength to Short
Radio, infared, visible, ultraviolet, x-ray, gamma-ray
Blackbody
Perfect absorber of electromagnetic radiation, doesn't reflect
Wien's Law
Relationship between colors & temp; blue hotter, red cooler
Continuous Spectrum
rainbow color of lights thing
Emission Line Spectrum
Mostly dark w/ a few lines of color
Adsoroption line spectrum
mostly continuous spectrum w/ a few lines missing
Kirchoff's Laws
1.A hot solid, dense gas produces a continuous spectrum
2.A hot, low-density gas produces an emission-line spectrum
3.A continuous spectrum source viewed through a cool, low density gas produces an absorption-line spectrum
Doppler Effect
Change in frequency of a wave moving relative to the source
Earth
Avg. Density 5500 kg/m
Interior: Core-Hot, not iron rich
Surface: Oceans and Continents
Atmosphere- Nitrogen 78% Oxygen 21%
Natural Satellite- Moon
Moon
Avg. Density 3300 kg/m
Unusual Motion- synchronous rotation
Interior-cooler than Earth's, not iron rich
Major geologic activity: impact cratering
Main features of the surface of the Moon- Maria, Highlands
Mercury
Density: 5400 kg/m
Unusual Motion-resonance rotation
Interior- cool iron rich core
No atmosphere
No Moons
Mercury Surface Features
Caloris Basin: large impact crater
Jumbled Terrain: unusual formation on opposite side of the planet from Caloris Basin
Intercrater plain-smoothed surface regions possibly from lava flow covering the craters in that region
Scarps: huge cliffs
Venus
Density: 5300 kg/m
Unusual Motion: retrograde motion
Constant cloud cover VERY HOT
Chemical Comp. CO2 95.3%
Nitrogen 3.5%
Pressure about 90 times the Earths
No Moons
Venus Special Features
Maxwell Montes: lrgst mt. on Venus
Aprhodite TerraL lrgs highlands
Isthar Terra, Alpha Regio, Beta Regio: other highland regions
Beta regio has two Shield Volcanoes
Mars
'Unusual Motion' period of a day is 24.6 hours
Tilt angle of rotation axis-24.0: Mars has seasons
Interior- small cool slightly iron rich core
Two moons: phobos and Deimos, small irregular shapes, not like our moon, more like captured asteroids.
Mars Surface Ft.
Olympus Mons: shield Volcano-lrgst mnt in the solar system
Valles Mariners: Enormous Valley that runs along the equator
Evidence of warter flow in the past
Red Dust on the surface is Iron Oxide (rust)
Jupiter
Unusual Motion: Fast Differential rotation
Density: 1330 kg/m
Interior: rocky core, metallic hydrogen
Surface: the fast rotation causes the clouds to form bands around the planet
Typical colors are bright yellow, orange & red
The GREAT RED SPOT a hurricane on jupiter
Saturn
Unusual motion: Similar to Jupiters
Density 700 kg/m
Surace: similar to Jupiter; more subdued
Mechanism of internal heating; generated by Helium precipitation
Ring System: most spectacular
Voca assoc. w/ the rings' Cassinin division
Roche Limit: the distance from a planet that a moon can be w/out being ripped apart by tidal forces
Shepherd Satellites: moons that keep the particles in the rings
Uranus & Neptune
Similar properties; Blue Green color due to methane.
Temp are too cold for the chemicals that give Jupiter and Sat their color.
Unique ft or Uranus. tilt of rotation axis is about 90 degrees
Unique ft of Neptune: Great dark spot
Pluto
Dwarf planet
Density: 2000 kg/m
Unusual motion due to its elliptical orbit
Pluto is sometimes closer to the sun than Neptune
Physical properties are most like those of the ice moons around the Jovian planets
Hertzsprung-Russll Diagrams
Main Sequence
Yellow Giant/ Horizontal Branch
Red Giant Region
White Dwarf Region
Mass of Main Sequence star
Low Mass <10.0 solar masses
Low Mass (sun-like)-planetary nebula-white dwarf
High Miass (>10 massess)-supernova (type 11)-neutron star or black hole
Magnitude Scale
apparent mag. is a measure of brightness
absolute mag is a measure of luminosity
the lower the value the brighter/more luminous the star
the diff of 5 in mag is a factor of 100 in brightness/luminosity
About this deck
By: Lauren Ward
Created: 2010-12-08
Size: 39 flashcards
Views: 89
Created: 2010-12-08
Size: 39 flashcards
Views: 89
About StudyBlue
STUDYBLUE makes things that make you better at school.
Things like online flashcards with photos and audio.
Things like personalized quizzes and friendly reminders about when (and what) to study next.
Think of it as a digital backpack™: access to all of your study materials online and on your phone.
STUDYBLUE exists to make studying efficient and effective for every student, for free. Join us.
“I have used this website for three exams, and I see a huge difference in my test results.”
Naj
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