Notes for Bio Exam 1-2009
Biology 101 with Guffey at University of Tennessee - Knoxville
About this deck
By: Adam Roddy
Textbook:
The Canon: A Whirligig Tour of the Beautiful Basics of Science
Created: 2009-09-21
Size: 42 flashcards
Views: 709
Textbook:
The Canon: A Whirligig Tour of the Beautiful Basics of ScienceCreated: 2009-09-21
Size: 42 flashcards
Views: 709
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What is a covalent bond?
The strongest bond which involves the sharing of electrons equally and the result is the formation of a molecule.
What are the two types of covalent bonds?
Polar and non polar
What is a hydrogen bond? What atoms does hydrogen bonding generally connect?
A Hydrogen bond is a polar covalent bond. It connects chlorine, oxygen, and nitrogen atoms.
Hydrogen bonding is created by _________ __________ due to the differences in electronegativity.
opposite partial charges (yes I know it's three words for two blanks)
Ionic bonds form __________.
ionic compounds
Ionic bonds are created by unequal sharing of electrons due to _________ __________ in electronegativity of the bonding atoms.
large differences
Define inductive reasoning and explain how it relates to a hypothesis.
Inductive reasoning is reasoning from a specific observation to a general principle (based on assumptions); building a hypothesis; Using observations to form a hypothesis.
What is deductive reasoning? Explain how it relates to a hypothesis?
Deductive reasoning is using a general principle to predict a specific observation; hypothesis testing; using a hypothesis to come to a general principle to predict an expected observation.
Science is subjective or objective? Compare and Contrast.
Science is objective because it's based on facts.
Subjective--based on thinking and opinions
Objective--More true/false based and more based on evidence and facts
Subjective--based on thinking and opinions
Objective--More true/false based and more based on evidence and facts
What are the two types of evolution? Define evolution and explain how it helps organisms to survive.
Adaptation and divergence. Evolution is the change in the gene pool of a population from generation to generation by processes such as natural selection. Evolution allows for organisms to adapt and change with their environment in order to thrive and coexist with their often changing surroundings.
What are the two types of probability and what rule of mathematics does each use?
Probability of independent events = the product rule
Probability of mutually exclusive events = the sum rule
Probability of mutually exclusive events = the sum rule
Organisms in nature follow a _________ distribution curve. What does said curve look like?
normal
The curve rises in the middle and is low on both sides. (bell curve)
The curve rises in the middle and is low on both sides. (bell curve)
What is a theory?
A collection of hypotheses that have not been disproven, cover a broad range of topics, and are falsifiable.
How is the scientific definition of theory different from the everyday form?
It's supported by evidence, covers a broad range, and can almost be thought of as fact due to the evidence and how it has yet to be disproven.
What are seven characteristics of life?
1. homeostasis
2. reproduction
3. metabolism
4. growth and development
5. response to outside stimuli
6. composed of cells
7. evolutionary adaptation
2. reproduction
3. metabolism
4. growth and development
5. response to outside stimuli
6. composed of cells
7. evolutionary adaptation
What is an isotope?
An atom that has the same number of electrons, but a different number of neutrons.
The pH scale is the measure of the concentration of ________ in solution.
hydrogen ions
Compare and contrast cohesion and adhesion. Capillary action is preformed by _________.
Cohesion is when H20 molecules are attracted to other H20 molecules.
Adhesion is when H20 molecules are attracted to other molecules.
Capillary action is preformed by cohesion.
Adhesion is when H20 molecules are attracted to other molecules.
Capillary action is preformed by cohesion.
The pH scale goes from __ to __.
__ to __ is acidic, __ to __ is basic, and __ is neutral.
__ to __ is acidic, __ to __ is basic, and __ is neutral.
1, 14
1, 6
8, 14
7
1, 6
8, 14
7
True or False? DNA is used for information storage.
True
What characteristics make up a "good" hypothesis?
-Falsifiable
-Testable
-able to be disproven
-developed inductively
-built upon previous information
-Testable
-able to be disproven
-developed inductively
-built upon previous information
Are structure and function correlated? Give an example.
Yes, a bird's wing. The bones are hollow making the wing lighter which allows for easier flight.
Neutrons have a _____ charge. Protons have a _____ charge. Neutrons and protons are found where in the atom?
neutral
positive
In the nucleus.
positive
In the nucleus.
What type of organism has the least amount of species described but the greatest biomass?
bacteria
True or False? Bacteria's main role is to cause disease.
False
What is the Principle of Parsimony?
The simplest scientific explanation (the one with the fewest steps or assumptions) is likely to be (but not always) the one with the greatest explanatory power.
Deductive reasoning takes the form of an ______ statement.
if/then
Why is scientific knowledge never absolute?
Scientific knowledge is never absolute because we are always obtaining new evidence and the information is constantly changing.
Proteins are denatured by? What is denaturization?
Proteins are denatured by temperature and pH.
Denaturization is when proteins lose their secondary and tertiary structure, but keep their primary structure.
Denaturization is when proteins lose their secondary and tertiary structure, but keep their primary structure.
What roles do proteins plain in a cell?
They act as enzymes and they activate/accelerate chemical reactions. They act on the phosopholipid membrane and let things in and out of the membrane.
Compare and contrast exergonic and endergonic reactions. Give an example of each.
In exergonic reactions, the reactants are higher in energy than the products so energy is released. Example: Food is broken down into nutrients during the digestive process.
In endergonic reactions, the reactants are lower in energy than the products so energy is required. Example: The process of making monomers into polymers.
In endergonic reactions, the reactants are lower in energy than the products so energy is required. Example: The process of making monomers into polymers.
Name some prokaryotic characteristics.
-single celled
-no nucleus
-no membrane covered organelles
-DNA in nucleotide
-small
-no nucleus
-no membrane covered organelles
-DNA in nucleotide
-small
What are some characteristics of eukaryotes?
-complex
-membrane-bound organelles
-large
-DNA in nucleus
-membrane-bound organelles
-large
-DNA in nucleus
Who was first to view organisms under the microscope?
Anton Von Leeuwenhoek
List the three common characteristics to all cells.
1. plasma membrane (phospholipid membrane)
2. all have genetic material
3. all have ribosomes
2. all have genetic material
3. all have ribosomes
About this deck
By: Adam Roddy
Textbook: The Canon: A Whirligig Tour of the Beautiful Basics of Science
Created: 2009-09-21
Size: 42 flashcards
Views: 709
Textbook:
The Canon: A Whirligig Tour of the Beautiful Basics of ScienceCreated: 2009-09-21
Size: 42 flashcards
Views: 709
About StudyBlue
STUDYBLUE makes things that make you better at school.
Things like online flashcards with photos and audio.
Things like personalized quizzes and friendly reminders about when (and what) to study next.
Think of it as a digital backpack™: access to all of your study materials online and on your phone.
STUDYBLUE exists to make studying efficient and effective for every student, for free. Join us.
“I have been getting MUCH better grades on all my tests for school. Flash cards, notes, and quizzes are great on here. Thanks!”
Kathy
Kathy