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- University of Tennessee - Knoxville
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- Astronomy 151
- Daunt
- Astronomy Test
Astronomy Test
Astronomy 151 with Daunt at University of Tennessee - Knoxville
About this deck
By: Ben Williams
Created: 2010-10-26
Size: 58 flashcards
Views: 470
Created: 2010-10-26
Size: 58 flashcards
Views: 470
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Telescope
A device designed to collect as much light as possible from some distant source and deliver it to a detector for detailed study.
Refracting telescope
Uses a lens to concentrate and focus the light
Reflecting telescope
uses mirrors
Newtonian telescope
the light is intercepted before it reaches the prime focus and then is deflected by 90 degrees, usually to an eyepiece at the side of the instrument.
Cassegrain telescope
light reflected by the primary mirror toward the prime focus is intercepted by a smaller secondary mirror, which reflects it back down through a small hole at the center of the primary mirror.
Collecting area
the total area capable of gathering radiation
angular resolution
the ability of any device, to form distinct, separate images of objects lying close together in the field of view.
Charge coupled devices
(CCD) electronic detectors
Pixels
wafer of silicon divided into a two-dimensional array of many tiny picture elements
Image
one of the ways light collected from a microscope can be processed
Photometry
the measurement of brightness
Spectrometer
used when astronomers want to study the spectrum of light
Seeing
term used to describe the effects of atmospheric turbulence
Seeing disks
The circle over which a star's light(or the light from an other astronomical source) is spread
active optics
The collection of techniques aimed at controlling such environmental and mechanical fluctuations
adaptive optics
a technique that deforms the shape of a mirror's surface under computer control
Radio telescopes
send radio waves rather that visible light
interferometer
two or more radio telescopes used in tandem to observe the same object at the same time
interferometry
This technique makes it possible to produce radio images of angular resolution higher than can be achieved with even the bet optical telescopes, on earth or in space.
infrared telescope
resemble optical telescopes, but their detectors are designed to be sensitive to radiation of longer wavelengths
ultraviolet telescope
a device designed to capture ad analyze that high-frequency radiation
high-energy telescope
uses x rays and gamma rays to view
Solar system
The sun and everything that orbits it, including the planetary, moons, and many small bodies found in interplanetary space
comparative planetology
contrasts the properties of the diverse bodies found in the solar system and elsewhere to understand the conditions under which planets form and develop
density
mass/volume
Terrestrial planets
mercury, Venus, earth, mars. Rocky planets
Jovian Planets
Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, Neptune. made mostly of gaseous or liquid hydrogen and helium
nebular theory
a large cloud of dust and gas - the solar nebula began to collapse under its own gravity, causing it to spin faster, eventually forming a rotating disk of which the planets arose
Solar nebula
Swirling mass destined to be our solar system
condensation theory
builds on the nebular theory,by considering the effects of solar heating on the planet formation process.
planetesimals
building blocks of our solar system
core
center of earth, metallic, 2 zones --> inner - solid, outer-liquid
mantle
rocky, in between core and crust
crust
top layer of the earth, contains solid continents and seafloor
hydrosphere
contains liquid oceans, 70% of earth
atmosphere
air lines just above earth
troposphere
contains weather
convection
the constant upwelling of warm air and the concurrent downward flow of cooler air to take its place, a process that physically transfers heat from a lower (hotter) to a higher (cooler)level
magnetosphere
formed by earth's magnetic fields
ionosphere
80km high. kept partly by ionized by solar ultraviolet radiation.
stratosphere
40-50 km high
ozone layer
within stratosphere, 25km altitude, incoming solar ultraviolet radiation is absorbed by atmospheric ozone and nitrogen
greenhouse effect
partial trapping of solar radiation, causes earth to be 40K hotter than normal
seismic waves
systematic waves, that move outward from the site of the quake.
inner core
solid
outer core
liquid
differentiation
variation in the layers of earth
radioactivity
the release of energy by certain rare heavy elements, such as uranium, thorium, and plutonium
plate tectonics
technical term for the study of plate movement and its cause
lithosphere
contains both the crust and a small part of the upper mantle. the portion of earth that undergoes seismic activity
athenosphere
The semisolid part of the mantle over which the lithosphere slides
rock cycle
the process by which surface rock on our planet is continuously redistributed and transformed from one type into another
Van Allen belts
two doughnut0shaped zone of high-energy charged particles
aurora
results when atmospheric molecules, excited upon collision with the charged particles, fall back to their ground states and emit visible light
dynamo theory
the theory that explains planetary (and other) magnetic fields in terms of rotating, conducting material flowing in the planet's interior
tides
daily fluctuation in ocean level
tidal bulge
Earth becomes slightly elongated, with the long axis of distortion pointing toward the moon.
tidal force
the variation in the moon's gravity across earth is an example of differential force or tidal force
About this deck
By: Ben Williams
Created: 2010-10-26
Size: 58 flashcards
Views: 470
Created: 2010-10-26
Size: 58 flashcards
Views: 470
About StudyBlue
STUDYBLUE makes things that make you better at school.
Things like online flashcards with photos and audio.
Things like personalized quizzes and friendly reminders about when (and what) to study next.
Think of it as a digital backpack™: access to all of your study materials online and on your phone.
STUDYBLUE exists to make studying efficient and effective for every student, for free. Join us.
“I have used this website for three exams, and I see a huge difference in my test results.”
Naj
Naj