Grammar
Spanish 226 with Iglesias at University of Wisconsin - Madison
About this deck
By: AJ Fajnzylber
Created: 2009-12-18
Size: 164 flashcards
Views: 100
Created: 2009-12-18
Size: 164 flashcards
Views: 100
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Present tense: AR
O Amos
As
A An
Present tense: ER
O Emos
ES
E En
Present tense: IR
O Imos
ES
E En
Stem Changing Verbs: e-ie
Pensar, querer, preferir, cerrar, comenzar, despertar(se), empezar, defender, encender, entender, perder, advertir, divertir(se), mentir, sentir(se)
Stem Changing Verbs: o-ue
Encontrar, poder, morir, contar, jugar, mostrar, probar, recordar, sonar, devolver, resolver, soler, volver, dormir
Stem Changing Verbs: e-i
pedir, reir(se), repetir, seguir, sonreir
Irregular Present: Estar
Estoy Estamos
Est(a)s
Est(a) Est(a)n
Irregular Present: Conocer
Conozco Conocemos
Conoces
Conoce Conocen
Irregular Present: Dar
Doy Damos
Das
Da Dan
Irregular Present: Aparecer/Reducir
Aparezco/ Reduzco
Apareces/Reduces
Aparece/Reduce
Irregular Present: Hacer
Hago hacemos
Haces
Hace hacen
Irregular Present: Tener
Tengo Tenemos
Tienes
Tiene Tienen
Irregular Present: Verbs like Tener/Hacer
Poner(pongo)
Salir (Salgo)
Traer (Traigo)
Decir (Digo) (i)
O(i)r (Oigo) (y)
Venir (Vengo (ie)
Irregular verb present: Ir
voy vamos
vas
va van
Irregular verb present: Saber
S(e) Sabemos
Sabes
sabe Saben
Irregular verb present: Ser
Soy Somos
Eres
Es Son
Irregular verb present: Ver
Veo Vemos
Ves
Ve Ven
Progressive Tense Regular: AR/ER &IR
Estar + ando/iendo
Progressive Tense Irregular: Sentir, Decir, Venir
Sintiendo, Diciendo, Viniendo
Progressive Tense Irregular: Pedir, Repetir:
Pidiendo, repitiendo
Progressive Tense Irregular: Dormir, Morir
Durmiendo, Muriendo
Progressive Tense Irregular: Caer, Leer, Destruir, O(i)r, Ir
Cayendo, Leyendo, Destruyendo, Oyendo, yendo
1Ser or Estar:
Description: size, shape, color
1Ser
2Ser or Estar:
Description: gender, profession, nationality, etc.
2Ser
3Ser or Estar:
Identification: noun phrases or what something is made out of
3Ser
4Ser or Estar:
Time or Date?
4Ser
5Ser or Estar:
Possession?
5Ser
6Ser or Estar:
Purpose or Destination
6Ser
7Ser or Estar:
Passive Voice
7Ser
8Ser or Estar
8Ser
1Ser or Estar
Description of current conditions of a person
1Estar
2Ser or Estar:
Description of non-normal traits
2Estar
3Ser or Estar:
Location of people and things
3Estar
4Ser or Estar:
Expressions
4Estar
5Ser or Estar:
Resulting states (w/ past participle)
5Estar
6Ser or Estar:
Progressive Tense
6Estar
Verb for weather conditions
Hacer
Verb for there is/ there are
Haber
Verb for to be/to feel
Tener
Indirect Object v. Direct object
IO: What/who interacts with the DO
DO: What object is subject of action
Indirect Object Pronouns:
Me Nos
Te
Le Les
Direct Object Pronouns:
Me Nos
Te
Lo/La Los/Las
Double Object Pronoun: What happens if both object pronouns are in the third person?
Les Los --> Se Los
Reflexive verb pronouns:
Me Nos
Te
Se Se
Reflexive Verbs that Change Meaning:
Acordar/Acordarse
Beber/ Beberse
To agree/ To remember
To Drink/ To Drink up
Reflexive Verbs that Change Meaning:
Comer/Comerse
Despedir/Despedirse
To Eat/ To Eat up
To Fire/ To say goodbye
Reflexive Verbs that Change Meaning:
Dormir/Dormirse
Hacer/Hacerse
To sleep/ To fall asleep
To make/ To become
Reflexive Verbs that Change Meaning:
Ir/ Irse
Llamar/Llamarse
To go/ To leave
To call/ To call oneself (to be named)
Reflexive Verbs that Change Meaning:
Parecer/Parecerse
Poner/ponerse
Volver/Volverse
To seem/ to look like
To pit/ to turn on or to become
To return/ to become
Verbos Como Gustar:
Format:
A + OI + Verbo (3rd person singular or plural) + subject
Verbos Como Gustar:
To like someone
To Hurt
Caer Bien
Doler
Verbos Como Gustar:
To Love
To Fascinate
Encantar
Fascinar
Verbos Como Gustar:
To need
To be important
hacer falta
importar
Verbos Como Gustar:
To be interesting
To bother
Interesar
Molestar
Verbos Como Gustar:
To Think
To Worry
Parecer
Preocupar
Verbos Como Gustar:
To have left
To be one's Turn
quedar
tocar
Forms of the Preterite:
AR
(e) amos
aste
(o) aron
Forms of the Preterite:
ER/IR
(i) imos
iste
i(o) ieron
Irregular forms of the Preterite:
-Car -gar -zar
qu (1st person); gu (1st person); c (1st person)
Irregular Forms of the Preterite:
Ends in double vowel before r (eer, aer, uir)
y replaces I in both 3rd person plural and singular:
Leer: ley(o); leyeron
Irregular Forms of the Preterite:
(e-ie,i) Preferir, Divertir, Mentir, Sentir
Say 3rd Person (pl, sing) forms
Prefiri(o), divirti(o), minti(o), sinti(o)
Irregular Forms of the Preterite:
(e--> i,i) Pedir, Re(i)r, repetir, Seguir, servir
Pidi(o), r(i)o, repiti(o), sigui(o), sirvi(o)
Irregular Forms of the Preterite:
(o--> ue, u) Morir, dormir
Muri(o), Durmi(o)
Irregular Forms of the Preterite:
Dar
di dimos
diste
dio dieron
Irregular Forms of the Preterite:
Decir
Dije dijimos
Dijiste
dijo dijeron
Irregular Forms of the Preterite:
Estar
Estuve Estuvimos
Estuviste
Estuvo Estuvieron
Irregular Forms of the Preterite: Ir
fui fuimos
fuiste
fue fueron
Irregular Forms of the Preterite: Poder
Pude Pudimos
Pudiste
Pudo Pudieron
Irregular Forms of the Preterite: Poner
Puse Pusimos
Pusiste
Puso Pusieron
Irregular Forms of the Preterite: Querer
Quise Quisimos
Quisiste
Quiso Quisieron
Irregular Forms of the Preterite: Saber
Supe Supimos
Supiste
Supo Supieron
Irregular Forms of the Preterite: Ser
Fui Fuimos
Fuiste
Fue Fueron
Irregular Forms of the Preterite: Tener
Tuve Tuvimos
Tuviste
Tuvo Tuvieron
Irregular Forms of the Preterite: Traer
Traje Trajimos
Trajiste
Trajo Trajeron
Uses of the imperfect:
simple past, repeated actions, past progressive, would/ used to, description, narration
Forms of Imperfect: AR
aba (a)bamos
abas
aba aban
Forms of Imperfect: ER/IR
(i)a (i)amos
(i)as
(i)a (i)an
Irregular Forms of Imperfect: Ir
iba, ibas, iba, ibamos, iban
Irregular Forms of Imperfect: Ser
era, eras, era, (e)ramos, eran
Irregular Forms of Imperfect: Ver
ve(i)a, ve(i)as, ve(i)a, ve(i)amos, ve(i)an
Changes in meaning from imperfect to preterit: Conocer
To know/ To meet
Changes in meaning from imperfect to preterit: Saber
To know/ To find out
Changes in meaning from imperfect to preterit: Poder; No poder
To be able to/ be able to or succeed
not be able to/ fail
Changes in meaning from imperfect to preterit: Querer; No querer
To want/ to attempt
Not to want/ to refuse
Format of the Se accidental
se + OI + Verb (past 3rd person sing or plural depending on the subject) + subject
Format of the present perfect: Ar Er+Ir
He (ado/ido), Has (ado/ido), Ha, Hemos, Han
Irregular verbs in present perfect:
Abrir, Cubrir, Decir
Abierto, Cubierto, Dicho
Irregular verbs in present perfect:
Descubrir, escribir, hacer
Descubierto, escrito, hecho
Irregular verbs in present perfect:
Imprimir, Ir, morir
Impreso, ido, muerto
Irregular verbs in present perfect: Poner, resolver, romper
Puesto, resuelto, roto
Irregular verbs in present perfect:
Ver, volver
Visto, Vuelto
Pluscuamperfecto forms of haber
Hab(i)a, Hab(i)as, hab(i)a, hab(i)amos, hab(i)an
Forms of Present Subjunctive: AR
e, es, e, emos, en
Forms of Present Subjunctive: ER & IR
A, As, A, Amos, An
Irregular forms of Present Subjunctive: Verbs that end in gar, car, or zar
gar--> gu; car --> qu; zar --> c
Irregular forms of Present Subjunctive: Irregular yo forms in present:
Subjunctive forms of salir for example
Salga, Salgas, Salga, Salgamos, Salgan
Irregular forms of Present Subjunctive: Stem changing verbs are still stem changing in the subjunctive:
Example: Pensar, Morir
Piense, pienses, piense, pensemos, pensen
Muera, Mueras, Muera, Muramos, Mueran
Irregular forms of Present Subjunctive: Ir
Vaya, Vayas, Vaya, Vayamos, Vayan
Irregular forms of Present Subjunctive: Saber
Sepa, Sepas, Sepa, Sepamos, Sepan
Irregular forms of Present Subjunctive: Ser
Sea, Seas, Sea, Seamos, Sean
Subjunctive or Indicitive? 1
Belief or Knowledge
1 indicitive
Subjunctive or Indicitive? 2
Perception
2. indicitive
Subjunctive or Indicitive? 3
Information
3. Indicitice
Subjunctive or Indicitive? 4
Creer
4. Indicitive
Subjunctive or Indicitive? 5
Pensar
5. Indicitive
Subjunctive or Indicitive? 6
Notar
6. Indicitive
Subjunctive or Indicitive? 7
O(i)r/ ver
7. Indicitive
Subjunctive or Indicitive? 8
Decir, informar
8. Indicitive
Subjunctive or Indicitive? 9.
Repetir
9. Indicitive
Subjunctive or Indicitive? 1
Influence
1. Subjunctive
Subjunctive or Indicitive? 2
aconsejar/ esperar
2. Subjunctive
Subjunctive or Indicitive? 3.
Insistir en/ ordenar
3. Subjunctive
Subjunctive or Indicitive? 4
Pedir/permitir
4. Subjunctive
Subjunctive or Indicitive? 5
prohibir, querer
5. Subjunctive
Subjunctive or Indicitive? 6
Emotion
6. Subjunctive
Subjunctive or Indicitive?7
Alegrarse/ sentir
7. Subjunctive
Subjunctive or Indicitive?8
Desear
8. Subjunctive
Subjunctive or Indicitive? 9
Ser una lastima
9 Subjunctive
Subjunctive or Indicitive? 10
Doubt/ Denial
10 Subjunctive
Subjunctive or Indicitive? 11
Dudar/Negar
11 Subjunctive
Subjunctive or Indicitive? 12
No creer/No estar seguro
12 Subjunctive
Subjunctive or Indicitive? 13
No pensar
13 Subjunctive
Formal and Nosotros Commands:
Same as Subjunctive Forms
Affirmative tu command
3rd person indicitive
Negative tu command
2nd person subjunctive
Positive Words:
Todo el mundo, siempre, Tambien
Everyone, Always, Also
Negative Words:
Ningun, Nada, Nadie
none, nothing, no one
Negative Words:
Nunca, Tampoco, Ni
Never, Neither, Neither
Neutral Words: Algun (os),Algo, Alguien, Algunas, Veces
Some, Something, Someone, Sometimes
Is ninguno ever plurral
Ningunos is only used with nouns that are only plural (ex. las gafas)
Future Conjugation: Ar/ Er/ Ir
AR(e), AR(a)s, AR(a), ARemos, AR(a)n
Future Conjugation: Decir, Haber
Dir(e), Habr(e)
Future Conjugation: Hacer, Poder
Har(e), Podr(e)
Future Conjugation: Poner, Saber
Pondr(e), Sabr(e)
Future Conjugation: Salir, Tener, Venir
Saldr(e), Tendr(e), Vendr(e)
Uses of the Future Tense:
1. An expected action
2. Telling someone what he/she will do (like thou shall not steal)
3. Probability of an action occurring in the present
Future Perfect: Future forms of Haber
Habr(e), habr(a)s, habr(a), habremos, habr(a)n
Uses of the future perfect:
Saying by when a future event will have happened/ been completed
Indicitive, Subjunctive, or Both (depending): O
Como
O Incicitive
Indicitive, Subjunctive, or Both (depending): O1
Puesto que
O1 Indicitive
Indicitive, Subjunctive, or Both (depending): O2
Ya Que
O2 Indicitive
Indicitive, Subjunctive, or Both (depending): P
Sin Que
P Subjunctive
Indicitive, Subjunctive, or Both (depending): P1
A fin de que
p1 Subjunctive
Indicitive, Subjunctive, or Both (depending): P2
Con tal que
p2 Subjunctive
Indicitive, Subjunctive, or Both (depending): P3
A menos que
p3 Subjunctive
Indicitive, Subjunctive, or Both (depending): P4
Para Que
p4 Subjunctive
Indicitive, Subjunctive, or Both (depending): P5
En Caso De que
p5 subjunctive
Indicitive, Subjunctive, or Both (depending): P6
Siempre y cuando
p6 Subjunctive
Indicitive, Subjunctive, or Both (depending): P7
Antes de Que
p7 Subjunctive
Indicitive, Subjunctive, or Both (depending): M
Cuando
M Both
Indicitive, Subjunctive, or Both (depending): M1
Despues de que
M1 Both
Indicitive, Subjunctive, or Both (depending): M2
En Cuando
M2 both
Indicitive, Subjunctive, or Both (depending): M3
Hasta Que
M3 Both
Indicitive, Subjunctive, or Both (depending): M4
Mientras Que
M4 Both
Indicitive, Subjunctive, or Both (depending): M5
Tan Pronto Como
M5 Both
Indicitive, Subjunctive, or Both (depending): M6
Aunque
M6 Both
Indicitive, Subjunctive, or Both (depending): M7
Como
M7 Both
Indicitive, Subjunctive, or Both (depending): M8
De modo que
m8 Both
Present Perfect of Subjunctive: Use
When both present perfect and subjunctive are needed
Forms of Present Perfect Subjunctive:
Haber (subjunctive) + past participle
haya, hayas, haya, hayamos, hayan
When to Use Que:
That, Which, Who:
Things and People
When To use Quien or Quienes
He/She/It who
Only after a preposition and or a comma
When to use El/La/Los/Las Cuales
Must agree with number and gender formal option for que and quienes
When to use El/La/Los/Las Que
Must agree with number and gender formal option for que and quienes and cuales
About this deck
By: AJ Fajnzylber
Created: 2009-12-18
Size: 164 flashcards
Views: 100
Created: 2009-12-18
Size: 164 flashcards
Views: 100
About StudyBlue
STUDYBLUE makes things that make you better at school.
Things like online flashcards with photos and audio.
Things like personalized quizzes and friendly reminders about when (and what) to study next.
Think of it as a digital backpack™: access to all of your study materials online and on your phone.
STUDYBLUE exists to make studying efficient and effective for every student, for free. Join us.
“Simply amazing. The flash cards are smooth, there are many different types of studying tools, and there is a great search engine. I praise you on the awesomeness.”
Dennis
Dennis