Test #4: Respiratory System
Biology 118 with Bilgen at University of Washington - Seattle Campus
About this deck
By: L C
Textbook:
Essentials of Anatomy & Physiology (4th Edition)
Created: 2009-02-25
Size: 29 flashcards
Views: 139
Textbook:
Essentials of Anatomy & Physiology (4th Edition)Created: 2009-02-25
Size: 29 flashcards
Views: 139
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Gas Exchange
Gas exchange or respiration takes place at a respiratory surface, a boundary between the external environment and the interior of the body.
Respiratory Epithelium
A respiratory epithelium is the area across which gas diffusion occurs. These surfaces depend on rapid diffusion and must consist of moist, living cells (gases dissolve in water). Epithelial cells moisten and protect the airway.
Trachea
Emphysema
A chronic obstructive pulmonary disease characterized by the decreased elasticity of lung tissue.
Tracheotomy
Surgical procedures on the neck to open a direct airway through an incision in the trachea.
Respiratory System
Thoracic Cavity
Pleural Membranes
Alveoli
Pneumothorax
A collapsed lung caused by accumulation of air or gas in the pleural cavity (an air bubble causes 'peeling' away from membrane).
Asthma
Widespread, hypersensitive inflammatory response to irritants.
Pulmonary Surfactants
(In lecture, "surfactant cells)
(In lecture, "surfactant cells)
Bronchial Tree
Mucus Elevator
Cells lining the airways are constantly secreting mucus, which traps foreign particles in the air. The mucus is then moved towards the throat, by cilia, where it is swallowed and eliminated.
Diffusion
Transport of molecules from a region of higher concentration to one of lower concentration by random molecular motion. The result of diffusion is a gradual mixing of material.
Surface Tension
The lungs are attached to the interior of the body wall by surface tension. Pneumothorax occurs if the surface tension is broken.
Air Particulates
Tiny particles of solid or liquid matter suspended in a gas.
Filtration
The trapping and elimination of air particulates before they reach lung tissue.
Pulmonary Capillaries
Alveolar Macrophages
'Dust cells' are another name the macrophages that reside on respiratory surfaces and clean off foreign particles such as dust and microorganisms.
Diaphragm
During inhalation, the diaphragm relaxes, enlarging the thoracic cavity, which creates suction that draws air into the lungs. When the diaphragm relaxes, air is exhaled by elastic recoil of the lung and surrounding tissues.
Exhalation
The diaphragm and intercostal muscles relax; the elasticity of the lungs returns them to their initial volume. The air pressure in the lungs increases to become greater than the outside air pressure, pushing air out.
Fick's Law
An equation describing diffusion in relation to surface area. It determines that respiratory surfaces must have a large surface area, a thin permeable surface, and a moist exchange surface for optimal diffusion.
Pressure Gradients
Gases enter and leave cells through pressure gradients. The primary force applied in the respiratory tract is supplied by atmospheric pressure.
Aerobic Metabolism
Glucose + oxygen --> water + carbon dioxide + ATP
Vital Capacity
The maximum volume of air that a person can exhale after maximum inhalation.
Pleural Cavity
The body cavity that surrounds the lungs.
Pneumonia
Lungs
The lungs are made of spongy, elastic tissue and are located in the thoracic cavity.
About this deck
By: L C
Textbook: Essentials of Anatomy & Physiology (4th Edition)
Created: 2009-02-25
Size: 29 flashcards
Views: 139
Textbook:
Essentials of Anatomy & Physiology (4th Edition)Created: 2009-02-25
Size: 29 flashcards
Views: 139
About StudyBlue
STUDYBLUE makes things that make you better at school.
Things like online flashcards with photos and audio.
Things like personalized quizzes and friendly reminders about when (and what) to study next.
Think of it as a digital backpack™: access to all of your study materials online and on your phone.
STUDYBLUE exists to make studying efficient and effective for every student, for free. Join us.
“I have been getting MUCH better grades on all my tests for school. Flash cards, notes, and quizzes are great on here. Thanks!”
Kathy
Kathy