HISTORY OF MEDICINE

1) monasteries
2)Islamic medical schools, because islamic medicine was based on teh Qu'ran and it gave clear instructions and social responsibilites.
3)Rhazes and Avicenna

-The chinese believed that disease was caused by an imbalance in the body
- The body was made of 2 kinds of energy: Ying and Yang
-limited knowledge of anatomy

-Developed by Hipporcates
-Said that he body contained four humors or fluids: blood, phlegm, black bile, yellow bile
-if one of the above were in imbalance, it would cause disease.
- although this theory is wrong, it encouraged doctors to look for causes of disease.
-this theory was not changed until the 1400's

-greek and egyptians saw disease as having both natural and supernatural causes.

EGYPTIANS: Imhotep was a famous doctor from the egyptians. He recommended treatments such as herbs, surgery and magic charms. He didint understand the cause of disease but blamed the gods.

ASCLEPIUS:
- Believed in the supernatural caus of disease
-His daughte Hygea gave the name higene to mean clean.
-His symbol was the snake serpent wrapped around a staff and it is now used as the symbol for healing.

HIPPOCRATES
-regarded as "the father of medicine"
-He believed that disease had natural causes and that it could be cured by rational means.
-stressed the importance of observation, diagnosis and treatment.
-created a strict ethical code that his medical students had to follow
-Developed the theory of the four humors (see flashcard)
-although his suggestions about excersice and good doet to be healther were true, his teory of the four humors was completely worng!

CLAUDIUS GALEN
wa another greek docor and introduced the idea of using opposites tot reat illness

1) persian doctor
2) best known for his prolific medical wirtings.
3) The Canon (medial code). divided into 5 sections and covered diseases, fevers, and redemies. Standard textbokk of university training.

1) THE PLANETS: doctors believed tat the position of the planets affected peoples lives and health

2) PUNISHMENT FROM GOD: Very popular at this time. Poeple were very sypersticious. Diseases were seen as teh result of sin.

3) MIASMA (see flashcard)

4)spontaneous generation (see flashcard)

1) means vapor or mst made up of particles of decomposing material
2) miasma vapors were considered those with foul smell
3) by wearing masks with smelling flowers.
4) a woman taht believed in miasma and made hospitals clean, fresh and dry.
5) scientists got interested in decaying matter and led to the discovery of germs

- a way of thinking and researching
-based on observatio n and careful notes
-allowed the invention of teh microscope

1) he invented one of the earliest microscopes by grinding lenses. He discovered bacteria, protists, sperm cells, blood.He called microorganisms "animacules"
2)one of the first men to build a reflecting microscope. He also wrote MICROPHAGIA which was a set observations with the microscope. It contatined a theory of combustion.

1)He wrote de contagione et contagiosis morbis et curationae: where he described numerous diseases and how they are spread.
2)Sive Morbis Gallicus: A book where he described syphyliis and gave its name.

1)that germs present in the air did not get into wounds
2)disenfectanct