Music 262 Jarvis - Quiz 1 to Midterm Notes
Music 262 with Snider at Washington State University - Pullman campus
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Textbook:
The Rolling Stone Illustrated History of Rock and Roll: The Definitive History of the Most Important Artists and Their MusicCreated: 2010-10-11
Size: 51 flashcards
Views: 172
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Doo-wop
o Emphasizes melody above rhythm
o Reflected the increase (though still limited) commercial possibilities for black music
o The name “Doo-wop” did not come until the 1970’s
o Star groups of the time: The Platters, The Coasters, The Drifters
o Grew out of urban settings (mainly East Coast)
o Many “One hit wonder” groups
o Doo-wop was the domain of innocent teenage love
The Roots of Doo-wop: 1930’s – Mills Brothers
o Inspired younger groups to a polished sound in a more R&B direction
The Orioles and the Ravens
o Early R&B Doo-wop
o Important transition groups
The Platters
o One of the most successful crossover acts in the 1950’s
The Teenagers (Frankie Lymon)
o Featuring 13 year old singing artist Frankie Lymon
o Biggest Hit: Why Do Fools Fall In Love
o Few Doo-wop groups managed to make it into the charts or sustain careers
o Many groups became the one hit wonders
o Individuality was erased by the group
o Rock & Roll was another name for R&B
o Premier R&B label of the 1950’s
The Soul Pioneers
o Key element of soul: the influence of gospel music
o Soul mirrored the growing civil rights movement in America
o Four leading soul pioneers: Ray Charles/Sam Cooke/Jackie Wilson/James Brown
Ray Charles
o Not really R&R music
o Drew from the entire spectrum of music
o Church based music (influenced Aretha Franklin/James Brown)
o Ignited R&B with the impassioned testifying of a southern, Holly Roller revival meeting
o Known as the graceful voice in soul music
o Very different from Ray Charles
o Voice is a more floating quality compared to Charles
o Brought his melodic style of gospel to pop songs with graceful ease
o Enormous range and sheer power – great instrument of R&R
o Sweeping register leaps, rich vibrato, falsetto breaks was his trademark
o Energetic and agile showman
o Used all styles of gospel singing to fuel his spectacular vocal gymnastics
o Paved the way for others such as O. Redding, W. Pickett, Sly, & the Family Stone
o Known as the godfather of Soul
o Incredible stage show productions
o Rhythm became everything – all instruments treated like a drum
o James Brown never had a #1 hit on the pop charts
o Groove referred to as “the one”
o Highly syncopated rhythms using the choked chord guitar sound
o Broken bass lines (early influences for funk music)
o Feb 3rd, 1959 (the death of Buddy Holly) is considered a turning point
o Most successful teen idol – Bobby Vinton
o Country turned to Top 40 formats
o Songwriters dominated the industry not the singers
o A symbol for the popular music in New York
o Pop singers rarely wrote their own music
o Songwriters were usually ground in pairs (one/music – the other/lyrics)
o Less varied in sound since they were writing for Sedaka
o Most prolific hitmakers at Aldon
o Their variety and ability to change with the times kept them in business
o City was the most successful teen idol “machine”
o Engine of the teen idol machine was American Bandstand
o Dick Clark – host of Bandstand
o Payola defined: Bribery of an influential person is exchanged for the promotion of a product of service, such that of disc jockeys for the promotion of records.
o The Coasters and The Drifters
o Both groups affiliated with Jerry Leiber and Mike Stoller
o Great songwriting team of the 50’s
o The “Rogers and Hart” of R&R
o Paved the way for the Brill Building writers and Phil Spector productions
o First write writers to comprise authentic R&B
o Helped expand R&B’s range by incorporating a pop-style emphasis
o Use of Playlets
o Playlets – Story-song writing style that uses tongue-in-cheek mini-dramas full of wit and insight
o L&S turned to the more serious approach compared to Coasters
o Developed a high-tech production style
o Referred to as “Uptown R&B”
o A sound and style rather than an individual voice or image
o Success usually linked to a specific producer
o Projected HIS vision rather than the group’s vision
o The music often has an underlying current of sexuality behind the innocence
o Maybe – their big hit in 1957
o Important model for the girl groups that followed
o Patterned themselves after the Chantels
o Bridged doo-wop and uptown New York pop-soul
o Like doo-wop, there were many one-shot groups
o Makes were idealized images of adolescent romanticism
o Motown’s only true pop girl group (the classy Supremes outgrew the image)
o Their biggest hit – Please Mr. Postman
o Plays out like Romeo and Juliet in 2:45
o “Little symphonies for kids”
o Invented the role of the modern producer
o Use of many instruments
o Anyone around the studio may have ended up on the recording
o Large list of studio musicians were used – became known as the “wrecking Crew”
o Inspired Spector’s best work
o Became the “Bad girls of pop”
o Spector’s last great success
o Spector in jail for murder of Lana Clarkson
o Usually built on a simple riff
o Rocks first garage bands
o Developed a style known as “twangy” guitar
o Formed the model for surf band guitarists that followed
o Surf music was primarily an instrumental style
o Lack of vocals necessitate experimenting with sounds on the guitar
o Guitar had virtually disappeared as lead instrument in early 60’s pop
o Reestablished the guitar as a central role in R&R
o Wipe Out
The Chantays
o Solidified the two guitar/bass/drum line-up
o Not originally a surf band
Became a favorite with the surf crowdo King of the surf guitar
o Dale’s Deltones spawned many garage bands around Southern California
o Simple, raw form of rock & roll
o Inspired by British Invasion bands
o First wave of do-it-yourself punk rockers
o Composed in 1956 by Richard Berry
o First recorded by Berry’s group, The Pharaohs
o Lifted their version from The Wailers, a Seattle band who missed out on the success of this
o U.S. Congress had a full-scale investigation to find out what smut was in the song
Moral of the story: You can’t prosecute what you can’t hear!
o America’s answer to the Beatles
o Painted a landscape of beach, paradise, hot rods and California girls
o Combination of the Four Freshmen and instrumental surf music
o Brian Wilson was the quiet genius of the group
o Influenced by Phil Spector’s wall of sound
o Became Brian’s master project
o Critically considered a masterpiece and one of R&R important albums
o A major influence of the Beatles (Sgt. Pepper)
o Wouldn’t it be nice shows marital bliss
o Many songs show Wilson’s obsession with isolation and his insecurities
o Wilson’s answer to poor outing of Pet Sounds
o Labeled as a psychedelic tune
o Wilson’s finest hour as a producer
About this deck
Textbook:
The Rolling Stone Illustrated History of Rock and Roll: The Definitive History of the Most Important Artists and Their MusicCreated: 2010-10-11
Size: 51 flashcards
Views: 172
About StudyBlue
Kathy