My Final Exams. Half Poly Science/Mirco Economics
Political Science 2302 with Choi at Texas Tech University
About this deck
By: Cody Mmiller
Textbook:
Public Policy: Politics, Analysis, and Alternatives
Created: 2010-12-10
Size: 67 flashcards
Views: 102
Textbook:
Public Policy: Politics, Analysis, and AlternativesCreated: 2010-12-10
Size: 67 flashcards
Views: 102
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Civil liberties
the protection of citizens from improper government action
Civil Rights
the legal or moral claims that citizens are entitled to make on the government
De Jure Segregation
segregation that is a direct result of law or official policy
De Facto Segregation
segregation this is not a direct result or law of government policy but is, instead, a reflection of residential patterns, income distributions, or other social factors
Bill Of Rights
The first ten amendments to the U.S. Constitution, adopted in 1791, and it ensures certain rights and liberties to the people.
First Amendment
Clarifies the jurisdiction of Congress, basically saying Congress cannot mix church and state, and that citizen’s freedom of speech, religion cannot change.
Second Amendment
guarantees the right to bear arms.
Fourth Amendment
The purpose of this amendment is to guarantee the security of citizens against unreasonable (that is, improper) searches and seizures.
Double Jeopardy
The Fifth Amendment right providing that a person cannot be tried twice for the same crime.
Establishment Clause
The first amendment clause that says “Congress shall make no law respecting an establishment of religion.” This law means that a wall of separation exists between church and state.
Free Exercise Clause
The first amendment clause that protects a citizen’s right to believe and practice whatever religion he or she chooses.
Writs of Certiori
A formal request by an appellant to have the Supreme Court reviews a decision of a lower court. Certiorari is from a Latin word meaning “to make more certain.”
Amicus Curiae
"Friend of the court,” an individual or group who is not party to a lawsuit but seeks to assist the court in reaching a decision by presenting an additional brief.
Stare Decisis
Literally “Let the decisions stand.” The doctrine whereby a previous decision by a court applies as a precedent in similar cases until that decision is overruled.
Rule Of Four
The rule that certiorari will be granted only if four justices vote in favor of the petition.
Voting Rights Act of 1965
Permanently outlawed literacy tests in all fifty states and mandated bilingual ballots or oral assistance for those who speak various languages.
Libel
a written statement made in “reckless disregard of the truth” and considered damaging to a victim because it is “malicious, scandalous and defamatory.”
Slander
an oral statement made in “reckless disregard of the truth” and considered damaging to a victim because it is “malicious, scandalous, and defamatory."
Affirmative Action
Programs designed to overcome effects of
past discrimination.
past discrimination.
Appointment of Federal Judges
Must be approved by congress after being appointed by the President of the U.S.
Senatorial Courtesy
the practice whereby the president, before formally nominating a person for a federal judgeship, finds out whether the senators from the candidates state support the nomination.
Brown V. Board of Education
Overturned the famous Plessey v. Ferguson case, and caused the Supreme Court to be more expansive about civil liberties.
Miranda V. Arizona
Codified arrest procedures, the right to remain silent, the right to a lawyer
Plessey V. Ferguson
the Supreme Court upheld the racial segregation system of Jim Crow, arguing that “separate but equal” train cars and other facilities did not violate the Fourteenth Amendment’s “equal protection” clause.
Federalists
wanted a strong, central government
Anti-Federalist
wanted stronger state governments
Articles of Confederation
America’s first written constitution, adopted in 1777
Virginia Plan
provided a system of representation based on the population of each state. Favored by the large state.
New Jersey Plan
was a system based on an equal number of representatives from each state, favored by smaller states
Central Feature of Great Compromise
Bicameral legislation with one based on population and one based on equal representation, also the bill of rights
Gate Keeping Power (Committee)
The power to make proposals and the power to block proposals from being made.
Rational ignorance
occurs when the cost of educating oneself on an issue exceeds the potential benefit that the knowledge would provide
Party in the Electorate
This is a group of members who see themselves loyal to the party
Selective Incorporation
One by one application of the provisions of the Bill of Rights
Judicial Review
The power of the courts to declare actions of the legislative and executive branches invalid or unconstitutional.
Scarcity refers to the situation in which
Unlimited wants exceed limited resources
Trade-offs force society to make choices when answering what three fundamental questions?
What goods and services to produce; how will these goods and services be produced; and who receives them?
Which of the following is a positive economic statement?
If the price of gasoline rises, a smaller quanity will be bought
Which of the following is a microeconomics question?
How will apple decide on selling price for the iPhone?
The processors used to produce goods and services describes
Technology
An _____________ is represented by a righward shift of the demand curve while an __________ is represented by a movement along a given demand curve.
Increase in demand; increase in quanity demanded.
In January, buyers expect that the price of gold will fall in February. What happens in the gold market in January, holding everything else constant?
The demand curve shifts to the left.
One would speak of a movement along a supply curve for a good, rather than a change in supply, if
The price of the good changes.
Let d= demand, s=supply, p=equillibrium price, q=equillibrium quanity. what happensif the government offers tax breaks solar panels to encourage buying
S increases, D no change, P decrease, Q increases
Juanita goes to buy a saw. She is willing to pay $120 for a new saw, but buys one on sale at $85. Juanita's consumer surplus from purchase is..
$35
To Affect the market outcome, a price floor
Must be set above the equillibrium price.
If the demand for iPods is price elastic, then
The percentage change in quanity demanded is greater than the percentage change in price ( in absolute value)
Holding everything else constant, the demand for a good tends to be more elastic
the more substitutes there are for the good.
Opera Girl's School is considering increasing its tuition to raise revenue. If the school believes raising tuition will increase revenue
it is assuming that the demand for attending the school is inelastic.
Assume you own a small hotel. In an attempt to raise revenue you reduce rates by 20%. However, revenue falls. What does this indicate about demand?
Demand is inelastic.
If a 5 percent incrase in income leads to a 10% increase in quanity demanded for airline travel, then airline travel is
a luxury.
when the price of tortilla chips rose by 10%, the quanity of tortilla chips sold fell 4 percent and the sale of dips fell 8 percent. This indicates
the cross-price elasticity between tortilla chips and dips is -0.8, so the two are compliments.
When sophie, a french citizen, purchases a dell computer in Paris that was produced in Texas, the purchase is
a U.S. export and a French import.
Autarky is a situation in which a country
does not trade with other countries
When a firm experinces a positive technological change
the firm is able to produce more output using the same inputs, or the same output using fewer inputs.
Which of the following is false?
Economists consider all cost to be implicit costs.
Which of the following explains why the marginal cost curve has a u shape?
Initally, the marginal product of labor rises, then falls.
If a firm's long-run average total cost curve shows that it can produce 5,000 dvds at an average cost of $2 and 15,000 dvds at an average cost of $1.50 this is evidence of
economies of scale.
The price of a perfectly competitive firm recieves for its output
is determined by the interaction of all sellers and all buyers in the firm's market.
For a perfect competitive firm, at profit maximization
marginal revenue equals marginal cost.
A firm will make profit when
P > ATC
A perfectly competitive firm's short-run supply curve is
upward sloping and is the portion of the marginal cost curve that lies above the average variable cost curve.
In a perfectly competetive industry, in the long-run equillibrium
the typical firm earns zero profit.
A monopoly firm is the only seller of a good or service that
does not have a close substitute.
Which one of the following is not a possible barrier to entry high enough to keep competing firms out of a monopoly industry?
a high concentration ratio.
The most profitable price for a monopolist is
the price for which marginal revenue equals marginal cost.
Dred Scott Decision
Slaves = property. Could be moved across state lines.
About this deck
By: Cody Mmiller
Textbook: Public Policy: Politics, Analysis, and Alternatives
Created: 2010-12-10
Size: 67 flashcards
Views: 102
Textbook:
Public Policy: Politics, Analysis, and AlternativesCreated: 2010-12-10
Size: 67 flashcards
Views: 102
About StudyBlue
STUDYBLUE makes things that make you better at school.
Things like online flashcards with photos and audio.
Things like personalized quizzes and friendly reminders about when (and what) to study next.
Think of it as a digital backpack™: access to all of your study materials online and on your phone.
STUDYBLUE exists to make studying efficient and effective for every student, for free. Join us.
“I have been getting MUCH better grades on all my tests for school. Flash cards, notes, and quizzes are great on here. Thanks!”
Kathy
Kathy