Histology
Anatomy & Physiology 2140 with Jones at East Carolina University
About this deck
By: stephen hodapp
Created: 2010-09-16
Size: 64 flashcards
Views: 64
Created: 2010-09-16
Size: 64 flashcards
Views: 64
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tissue
group of cells similar in structure and functions
what are the 4 tissue types
- epithelial
- connective
- muscle
- nervous
epithelial cell does what?
cover the bodys surface and line body cavities
connective cell does what
support
muscle cell does what?
movement
nervous cell does what?
control
organ
collection of tissues that have a specialized function most have all 4 types of tissue
what are the 3 types of epithelial cells
- cutaneous---dry-skin-protects
- mucous---wet- most secrete mucous-line body cavities that open to exterior
- serous---wet-secrete serous fluid(serous fluid is even found in blood vessels and ventral body cavity
skin does what
protection and sensation
digestive tract does what
absorption
kidney does what
filtration and excretion
glands do
secretion
cells bond by what?
desmosomes and tight junctions
basal lamina
adhesive sheet of glycoproteins secreted by the epithelial cells
reticular lamina
a layer of collagen fibers. is part of underlying connective tissue
basement membrane
reinforce epithelium
simple cell means
1 layer
stratified cell means
2 or more layers
squamous means
flat
cuboidal
square
columnar
tall
simple squamous
- thin and permeable, allows diffusion
- 2 types endothelium and mesothelium ex: kidney and lungs
endothelium
- inner covering
- a)lines the limphatic and cardiovascular system
- b)capillaries made of endothelium only
mesothelium
A) serous membrane lining the ventral body cavity and organs inside
simple cuboidal epithelium
- function is secrete and absorb, kidney tubules
- small glands and ovaries are examples
simple columnar epithelium
function is secretion and absorption in the GI tract
pseudostratifed columnar epithelium
- a single layer of cells of differing height
- function is secrete
- in the ducts like the trachea
stratified squamous epithelium
- many layers of flat cells
- many layers of flat cells
- function is protect from abrasion
- located in lining of esophagus and mouth
stratified columnar
- layers of cuboidal of columnar cells
- function protection and secretion
- located in male uretha(rare)
transitional epithelia
- basal cells are cuboidal or columnar
- apical cells can change shape(allows distension)
- usually domed or flat
- located in the ureters bladder part of urethra
- can increase size and stretch(bladder getting full
glandular epithelia
glands are groups of cells that make and secrete a certain fluid
endocrine gland
- produce hormones,
- ductless sends hormones in all ways
- not all are epithelial-structurally diverse
exocrine gland
- sent to surface of epithelium, ducted
- all secrete products onto skin or into body cavities
- mucous
- sweat
- oil
- salivary
- pancrease-in endocrine too
what are the 2 types of exocrine glands?
multicellular and unicellular
unicellular
- only single celled gland is goblet cell-columnar
- in epithelia of intestine and respiratory tracts
- produce mucin and h20-->mucous for protection and lubrication
Multicellular
- more complex structure
- epithelium derived duct
- secretory epithelium
simple tubular
- single unbranched duct
- intestinal juices
compound
branched duct
tubular
secretory cells from tubes
alveolar
secretory cells from alveoli
tubuloalveolar
secretory cells from tubes and sacs
connective tissue (ct)
- found everywhere
- skin is primary ct
- brain has very little
- all comes from embryonic tissue called mesenchyme
what are the 4 main classes of ct
- connective tissue proper
- cartilage
- bone
- blood-transport system/connection
difference between blast and cyte
blast is immature while cyte is mature
ct has 3 main elements
- ground substance
- fibers
- cells
ground substance
fills space between cells
- fibronopen-fibrin- blood clotting
fibers
provide support with 3 types
- collagen-form thick bundels
- high tensile strength
- elastic- long thin branching stretchable made of elastin
- like a cable
- reticular fibers-fine network of collagen fibers
- surround small blood vessels
- many in basement membrane
cells
all classes come from mesenchyme
- go from blast to cyte cells
- blast cells actively mitotic, secrete ground substance and fibers
- cyte cells maintain the health of the matrix but can revert to blast cells to regenerate matrix`
fibroblast
connective tissue proper
chrondoblast
cartilage
osteoblasts
bone
hematopoietic
stem cells?
loose connective tissue
- areolar
gell like matrix with wbc and all 3 fibers
- cushioning and immunity, store fat
- under epithelia of body
- widely distributed
- packing material of body
- wraps around vessels nerves and glands
loose connective tissue
- adipose
gel-like matrix with fat cells packed tightly
- found in subcutaneous tissue-90% adiposcytes , few fibers and scant matrix.
- function-energy storage , shock absorber, insulator
- Loose connective tissuer
loose connective tissue
- reticular
- gel like matrix with reticular fibers
- support WB, mast cells and macrophages in lymphoid organs(spleen lymph nodes and bone marrow)
lymphocide
clean blood
Dense Connective tissue
- dense regular
closely packed bundles of collagen run parallel to direction of pull
- forms tendons- muscle to bone
- forms aponeuroses- sheet like tendons attach muscles to muscles or bones
- forms ligaments -attaches bones to bones
Dense connective tissue
- dense irregular
collagen fibers are thicker and irregular
- found wher tension exerted from different directions
- dermis of skin and gi tract
Cartilage
- tough flexible avascular (nutrients diffuses from blood vessels in the PERICHONDRION, slow means healing takes time)
- fluid filled matrix allows compression and provides nourishment
- no nerves
- produced by chondroblasts until grown up then its chondrocytes
wheeping lubrication
pushing fluid out of cartiledge and suckin it back in (ex; sponge)
types of cartiledge
- hyaline(gristle) most abundant
- elastic-similar to hyaline buy many more elastin fibers
- fibrocartilage- less firm then hyaline
Hyaline
- has blue white appearance
- lots of collagen fibers
- covers ends of long bones to absorb join compression
- tip of nose
- connects ribs to sternum
- in trachea and larynx
elastic
- in structures that bend easy
- pinna of ear
- epiglottis
Fibrocartilage
- absorbs compressive shock
- resists tension and heavy presure(firm sponge)
- forms the intervertebral discs, pubic symphysis and discs of knee joints
About this deck
By: stephen hodapp
Created: 2010-09-16
Size: 64 flashcards
Views: 64
Created: 2010-09-16
Size: 64 flashcards
Views: 64
About StudyBlue
STUDYBLUE makes things that make you better at school.
Things like online flashcards with photos and audio.
Things like personalized quizzes and friendly reminders about when (and what) to study next.
Think of it as a digital backpack™: access to all of your study materials online and on your phone.
STUDYBLUE exists to make studying efficient and effective for every student, for free. Join us.
“I have used this website for three exams, and I see a huge difference in my test results.”
Naj
Naj