Religion-Exam 1

Religious Studies 205 with Northway at Iowa State University

About this deck

By: Kayla McMorran
Textbook:

Experiencing the World's Religions: Tradition, Challenge and Change

Siddhartha

Tao of Pooh and Te of Piglet Boxed Set
Created: 2010-03-03
Size: 96 flashcards
Views: 159

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Henotheism

Several deities, but one is the MOST important

Zazen

Buddhism- one of Zen's main teaching-- "Sitting meditation"

Polytheism

Several deities exist, multiple Gods (Hinduism)

Twice Born

Hinduism- Brahmins (Priest), warrior Noble, farmers, merchants, artisons, laborers, servants, Polluted laborers

Comprehensive Approach

Attempts to combine 2 or more of the partial approaches to religion (4 partial approaches: descriptive, normative, functionalist, and essentialist).

Angi

Hinduism- The God of Fire- both a God and a "thing." Receives and transports offerings to the other gods.

Soma

Both God and "thing." (a sacred drink)

Allowed priests to enter into hallucinatory states.

Siddha-loka

null

Lingam

represents Shiva's penis. (Hinduism)

Four Noble Truths

Buddhism- historic doctrine

1. Suffering exists

2. It has a cause

3. There is an end

4. There is a way to attain release from suffering- by following the eightfold path.

Digambaras

A historic branch of Jainism, which means"Sky clad" (no liberation for women).

Bodhi

=enlightenment. (Buddhism)

Kojiki

Shinto- Chronicle of Ancient Events (Japanese history)

Shiva

Hinduism- "the Destroyer" (Part of the Hindui Trimurti)

Eightfold Path

Buddhism:

correct view

intention

speech

discipline

livelihood

effort

mindfulness

concentration

Lakshmi

being a queen, dressed and thought of as one. (Hinduism)

Cosmology

Understanding of the structure, shape, and design in the universe.

Devas

Hinduism- good Gods.

Libation

The act of pouring a liquid as an offering to a God.

Mahayana

"The Big Vehicle"

- an umbrella term for dozens of other schools that aren't strict followers of Theravada

-Syncretistic- blending of religions

The 4 Life Stages

Hinduism:

1) Student- between 8-20, laying a religious foundation.

2) Householder- marriage, typically around age 20, raising children

3) Retiree- begins to spend time once again on religious matters.

4) Renunciate- optional, leave home, everything becomes home

Mantra

Hinduism- "spell;" repetition of magical phrases

A short sacred phrase, often chanted or used in meditation.

Nataputta Vardhamana

The man who founded Jainism. AKA Mahavira "Great Hero"

Moksha

Hinduism- liberation from samsara (you break the cycle and become what you truly are).

"Liberation" from personal limitation, egotism, and rebirth.

Rishi

Holy men of the distant past that did not create the Vedas, but heard them and then transmitted them to later generations.

Maya

Hinduism- nothing in the material world, in an ultimate sense, is not real. "Illusion."

Dharma (Buddhism)

All Buddhist teachings and rituals (ultimate reality of life).

Atman

Hinduism- Self/soul. One soul of Brahman.

Ahimsa

Hinduism- non-harm or no violence.

Vedas

Four collections of ancient prayers and rituals included in Hindu sacred scripture.

1) Rig-Veda

2) Atharva-Veda

3) Sama-Veda

4) Vagur-Veda

Rig Veda

Hinduism- hymns.

Arhat

One who is worthy.

Bodhisattva

A being of the threshold of becoming a Buddha in order to lead all other beings to Buddhahood.

There are 2 ways to do this:

1) Aspiration- all thoughts are about helping others

2) Practical- giving, patience, wisdom, concentration

Kami

Energies (spirits that animate, that bring to life, nature). A spirit God or Goddess of Shinto.

Sannyasin

A wandering man. Hinduism.

Yoni

Parvati's volva (Hinduism)

Avatar

An earthly embodiment of a deity. (Hinduism)

Sanatana Dharma

null

A short mantra which is sometimes called the sounds of creation.

Indra

1) The Warrior- thunderbolt thrower.

2) The Trickster

3) Dragon Slayer

4) Stole Soma from the Gods

Krishna

Told the epic poem of Bhagavad-Gita to the warrior Arjuna (Hinduism).

A God associated with divine playfulness; a form of Vishnu.

The 4 Passing Sites

Buddhism-

1) The Old Man

2) The Sick Man

3) The Dead Man

4) The Holy Man

Myth

Stories that enshrine religious and social ideas, expressed through the activities of the divine, human/animal figures.

Tao Te Ching

Taoism- "The Way and it's Power."

-Attributed to Lao Tzu

-81 chapters

1-37: Tao

38-81: Te

-purpose: philosophical/political

-one of the world's greatest books.

Animism

Spirits are found in and around everything.

Oral Religions

The history of the study of these religions.

Izanami and Izanagi

Izanami- The Female Who Invites

Izanagi- The Male Who Invites

Divination

A foretelling of the future or a discovery of the unknown by magical means-- using objects to see into the past or to tell the future. (indigenous religions)

Brahmin

Hinduism- Priests- a member of the priestly caste in Hinduism.

Confucius

Not overly concerned with Gods or the afterlife, fixed with what's happening now.

Pure Land

Buddhism for everyday people, simple, to achieve salvation you must believe in the Amida Buddha.

Margas

Hinduism- Moksha can be attained through various paths or margas.

1) Karma- "action;" proper performance of dharma selflessly

2) Bhakti- "devotion;" unconditional love to, and love of, a deity

3) Jnana- "knowledge;" the way of contemplation

Five Great Relationships

Confucism

1) Father-Son

2) Older brother-Younger brother

3) Husband-Wife

4) Elder-Younger

5) Emperor (T'ien-Tzu "Son of Heaven"-Subject

Three Majors Religious Orientations

null

Jina

Conquerer/"Victor;" the Jain term for perfected person who will not be reborn.

Karma

Hinduism- The moral law of cause and effect that determines the direction of rebirth.

"black" karma- bad karma

"white" karma- good karma

Mahavira

The man who founded Jainism AKA Nataputta Vardhamana "Great Hero"

Tripitaka

Buddhism- The earliest Buddha canon; which means 3 baskets. Collections of Buddhist texts.

1) Discipline

2) Discourage

3) Higher Teachings

Vishnu

Part of the Trimturi- "the Preserver" (Hinduism)

Outward expression of a superior person (Man, Educated, Aristocat) Society.

Appropriate action, ritual, propriety, etiquette. (Daoism and Confucianism)

Samsara

Constant rebirth and the attendant suffering; the everyday world of change. (Buddhism)

Tirthankara

"Ford finder" or "Crossing Maker;" in Jainism, one of the 24 ideal human beings of the past, Mahavira being the most recent.

4 Truths for the Spiritual Noble

Hinduism- Ignorance cause of Dependent Arising

1) Anatman- "no soul"

2) Ahisma- "non-injury"

3) Aparigrapha- "non-attachment"

4) Nirvana- "to blow out; absence"

Brahma

Hinduism- The creator God

Shvetambaras

A historic branch of Jainism; "white clad."

Bhagavad-Gita

A spiritual classic in Hinduism that is a conversation between Arjuna and Krishna preserved in the Mahabharata.

"Divine Song" - a part of a very long epic poem called the Mahabharata.

Aparigrapha

Non-attachment. Major dharma of the Buddha.

Brahman

Hinduism- Everything.

Sangha

Buddhism- a community of monks and nuns.

Lao Tzu

The legendary founder of Daoism.

Theravada

The way of the elder. The oldest and most orthodox type of Buddhism.

Anatman

No soul. (Buddhism)

Vajrayana

Diamond vehicle.

Shinto

Way of the Kami; It's debated about it being "the indigenous religion of Japan." It's used as a vehicle for nationalism-religion that's separate from state until recently.

1) State Shinto

2) Sectarian Shinto

3) Domestic Shinto

Bhakti

Hinduism- "devotion;" unconditional devotion to, and love of, a deity.

Amaterasu

Shinto- "shining in Heaven;" the sun Goddess or spirit

Siddhartha Gautama

Came to be known as the Buddha, or the Awakened One.

Atheism

No deities exist. (NO God or Goddesses, no divine being).

Monotheistic/Monistic

ONLY ONE deity exists.

P'u

Uncarved block, "We are all p'u." (Taoism)

Sattva

Buddhism- being, person

Asuras

Hinduism- bad Gods.

Immanent

Existing and operating within nature.

Transcendent

Not limited by the physical world.

Tsumi

Shinto- Pollution, comes from contact with death, but purity can be restored by washing and ritual expiation (harai).

Descriptive Approach

Attempts to summarize concisely the most important aspect of a religion that is perceptible by the senses.

Sympathetic Magic

Using material things to get a practical response (from the chapter about oral religions practices and beliefs)

Wu Wei

"Effortless". Action-less action. (Taoism)

Puja

Jainism- ritual in honor of tirthankara or deity.

Nirvana

Buddhism- the release from suffering and rebirth that brings inner peace.

Nihongi

Shinto- the Second Chronicle of Japan's history

Trimurti

Hinduism- "Triple Form"

1) Brahma- the creator

2) Vishnu- the preserver

3) Shiva- the destroyer

Bisy Backson

Always on the run; looking for the reward that is always around the next corner or above the next step.

About this deck

By: Kayla McMorran
Textbook:

Experiencing the World's Religions: Tradition, Challenge and Change

Siddhartha

Tao of Pooh and Te of Piglet Boxed Set
Created: 2010-03-03
Size: 96 flashcards
Views: 159

About StudyBlue

“I have been getting MUCH better grades on all my tests for school. Flash cards, notes, and quizzes are great on here. Thanks!”
Kathy