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Psychology 1101 001 with Vanwallendeal at University of Charlotte

About this deck

By: jai forney
Created: 2010-10-24
Size: 53 flashcards
Views: 25

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Representativeness heuristic

a new situation is judged on the basis of its resemblance to a stereoypical model

Flashbulb

Vivid memory of a certain event and the incidents surrounding it even after a long time has passed

Concern events that are highly significant

Retrieval Cues

Important in helping us remember items stored in long-term memory

Concepts

Mental categories for classifying objects, people, or experiences

Hill climbing Heuristics

steps that moves you closer and closer to a solution

Mental Set

Approaching problems in certain ways

Serial position effect

Remember items in the beginning and end

Availability Heuristic

judgment or decision based on information that is most easily retrieved from memory

Proactive Interference

Old information interferes with new

Retroactive interference

New information interferes with old

Hindsight bias

See outcomes as ineviable and predictable AFTER we know the outcome

Framing

How a problem is presented before making a decison

Confirmation bias

See what supports belief ignore what doesn't

Counterfactual thinking

Thinking something that never happened

Explicit memory

Things you are aware of

Implicit memory

Things unintenionally retrieved

Episodic memory

Personal memories from a time period

Semantic memory

Facts you just know

Procedural memory

Motor skills. things that you do

Problem Representation

The first step in solving problem

which means interpreting or defining the problem

Insomnia

Chronic inability to sleep

Narcolepsy

Irresistible compulsion to sleep

Somnambulism

Sleep walking in which people leave their beds and wander while still remaining asleep

Processing model in order

Encoding, Storage, Retrieval

Unconditioned stimulus

The stimulus that normally evokes an automatic response even without new learning

Unlearned response that comes natural

Sensory

All information taken in by 5 senses at any one moment

Psychoactive

Chemical substances that Change moods & perceptions

Extinction

No longer a response. If the "unconditioned stimulus" isn't there then you wont respond

Observation Learning

Observe-imitating-copying

Continuous

rewarded every time

Conditioned Response

Respond to. ex: sick go to doctor

Conditioned Stimulus

You know. Aware of

Unconditioned Response

Respond you can't control. Ex: smell fries get hungry: AUTOMATIC

Conditioned Stimulus

stimulus control>dog controlled by pop of can=food

Linguisic Realitivity

Relate to and understand people who speak your language

Pragmatics

Acting like your talking to a child. ex: good job, how are you

Partial Reinforcement Effect

Reponses acuired uner intermittent reinforcement are more difficulut to extinguish than those acuired w/ continuous reinforcement.

Ex: Only giving rewards sometimes

Ex:Giving candy when you get a right answer. Some times every other did or so

Fixed-ration(FR)

Reinforcement after a fixed number of responses

A set number of correct responses then receive a reinforce

Ex: I have to make 5 layups before somebody tells me good job

Fixed Interval (VI)

Reinforcement of first response after a fixed amount of time has passed

After a specified period of time. They have to wait for a set period before they will be reinforced again

Ex: After 2 mins. who ever answers the answer right first is rewarded

Variable-ration(VR)

Reinforcement after a varying number of ressponses

Schedule in which a varying number of correct responses must occur beofore reinforcement is presented

Ex: You have to talk to many customers before you make a sale, and you never know whether the next one will buy

Variable-interval (VI)

Reinforcement of first response after varying amounts of time

Schedule in which the correct response is reinfoced after varying lengths of time following the last reinforcement. Unkown amount of time, but 1st corect response

Ex: Surprize uizzez in a course cause a steady rate of studying because you never know when they'll occu;you have to be prepared at all time.

Ex:Watching a football game, waiting for a touchdown. It could happen anytime

Positive Reinforement

Behavior is followed by the delivery of a pleasant stimullus

Increases the probability of that behavior

Negative Reinforcement

Behavior is followed by the removal of an aversive stimulus

Increase the probability of that behavior

Positive Punishment

Behavior is followed by the delivery of an aversive stimulus

Decreases the probability of the behavior

Negative Punishment

Behavior is followed by the removal of a pleasant stimulus

Decreases the probability of theat behavior

Subgoals

Breaking a problem into smaller pieces

Fixation

The inability to see a problem from a new perspective

Mental Set

Tendency to perceive & approach problems in a certain way

Functional fixedness

The tendency to perceive only a limited # of uses for an object

Information retrieval

quick solution to the problem based on your previous experience

Trial & Error

Picking a random answer to see whether the goal is achieve3d

Used

When choices are limited & or when everything else has failed

Over Confidence Heuristic

Over estimating the accuracy of our estimates

About this deck

By: jai forney
Created: 2010-10-24
Size: 53 flashcards
Views: 25

About StudyBlue

“Simply amazing. The flash cards are smooth, there are many different types of studying tools, and there is a great search engine. I praise you on the awesomeness.”
Dennis