Diagnostic Laboratory Test Data
Nursing 324 with Bigham at University of Alabama - Tuscaloosa
About this deck
By: Rachel Hudson
Textbook:
Fundamentals of Nursing
Created: 2011-09-13
Size: 14 flashcards
Views: 49
Textbook:
Fundamentals of NursingCreated: 2011-09-13
Size: 14 flashcards
Views: 49
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Hemoglobin A1C (Hgb A1C)
Brief description- amount of Hgb glycosylation, a weighted average of glucose levels over the last 3 months, which indicates diabetes control
Normal values-
2.2-4.8% nondiabetic adult
2.5-5.9% good diabetic control
6.8-8.0% fair diabetic control
>8.0% poor diabetic control
Increased- poorly controlled diabetes
Decreased- not clinically significant
Normal values-
2.2-4.8% nondiabetic adult
2.5-5.9% good diabetic control
6.8-8.0% fair diabetic control
>8.0% poor diabetic control
Increased- poorly controlled diabetes
Decreased- not clinically significant
Fasting Blood Sugar
Brief Description- measures glucose content in blood after fasting at least 4hrs
Normal values- 70-110 mg/dL
Increased- diabetes, glucocorticoids, epinepherine, or growth hormone, Cushing's Disease, pregnancy
Decreased- hypoglycemia, insulin reaction, too little food in diabetic, increased excersise in diabetic
Normal values- 70-110 mg/dL
Increased- diabetes, glucocorticoids, epinepherine, or growth hormone, Cushing's Disease, pregnancy
Decreased- hypoglycemia, insulin reaction, too little food in diabetic, increased excersise in diabetic
Digoxin Levels
Brief Description- measures blood level of the cardiac glycoside Digoxin (Lanoxin) used to treat heart failure and tachycardia
Normal Values- 0.8-2.0 ng/dL
Increased- digitalis toxicity
Decreased- blood level of drug not theraputic
Normal Values- 0.8-2.0 ng/dL
Increased- digitalis toxicity
Decreased- blood level of drug not theraputic
Phenytoin Level
Brief Description- measures blood concentration of the anti-seizure medication Phenytoin (Dilantin)
Normal values- 10-20 micrograms/mL
Increased- phenytoin toxicity
Decreased- seizure activity
Normal values- 10-20 micrograms/mL
Increased- phenytoin toxicity
Decreased- seizure activity
Urinalysis: pH
Brief Description- measures acidity or alkalinity
Normal Values- 4.6-8.0
Increased- diet high in fruits.vegetables contribute to alkalinity. most bacterial UTI's except E.coli, Alkalosis
Decreased- diets high in meat and eggs contribute to acidity, E.coli UTI, Acidosis
Normal Values- 4.6-8.0
Increased- diet high in fruits.vegetables contribute to alkalinity. most bacterial UTI's except E.coli, Alkalosis
Decreased- diets high in meat and eggs contribute to acidity, E.coli UTI, Acidosis
Urinalysis: Specific Gravity
Brief Description- measures how concentrated the urine is relative to the density of water
Normal values- 1.010-1.030
Increased- may temporarily increase if dye, protein, or glucose is used in diagnostic tests. Dehydration, and increased ADH result in true increase in specific gravity
Decreased- dilute urine due to diuretics, increased fluid intake or diabetes insipidus.
Normal values- 1.010-1.030
Increased- may temporarily increase if dye, protein, or glucose is used in diagnostic tests. Dehydration, and increased ADH result in true increase in specific gravity
Decreased- dilute urine due to diuretics, increased fluid intake or diabetes insipidus.
Urinalysis: Protein
Brief Description- measures amount of protein in the urine
Normal values- Negative
Increased- severe stress, PIH
Normal values- Negative
Increased- severe stress, PIH
Urinalysis: Sugar
Brief Description- measures amount of sugar in the urine
Normal values- Negative
Increased- glycosuria indicates hyperglycemia or decreased renal threshold for glucose (e.g. diabetes, pregnancy)
Normal values- Negative
Increased- glycosuria indicates hyperglycemia or decreased renal threshold for glucose (e.g. diabetes, pregnancy)
Urinalysis: Ketones
Brief Description- measures presence of ketone bodies which are end products of fatty acid metabolism.
Normal values- Negative
Increased- diabetes, starvation, vomiting, all-protein diet
Normal values- Negative
Increased- diabetes, starvation, vomiting, all-protein diet
Urinalysis: Nitrites
Brief Description- detects conversion of nitrate to nitrite by bacteria. May indicate presence of bacteria in urine.
Normal values- Negative
Increased- UTI
Normal values- Negative
Increased- UTI
Urinalysis: Leukocyte Esterase (LE)
Brief Description- detects enzyme found in graulocytes, histiocytes, and Trichomonas
Normal values- Negative
Increased- UTI, infected amniotic fluid
Normal values- Negative
Increased- UTI, infected amniotic fluid
Red Blood Cell Count (RBC)
Brief Description- measures the number of RBC's/mm cubed blood
Normal Values- men= 4.7-6.1 million/micrograms/L; women= 4.2-5.4 million/micrograms/L
Increased- polycythemia, high altitude, intense physical training.
Decreased- loss or destruction of RBC's, (hemmorage) decreased production of RBC's, bone marrow supression.
Normal Values- men= 4.7-6.1 million/micrograms/L; women= 4.2-5.4 million/micrograms/L
Increased- polycythemia, high altitude, intense physical training.
Decreased- loss or destruction of RBC's, (hemmorage) decreased production of RBC's, bone marrow supression.
Hematocrit (hct, pcv, crit)
Brief Description- measures the percentage of RBC's in the plasma *if RBC and Hgb are normal, the Hct is about 3 times the Hgb
Normal Values- men=42-52%; women= 37-47%
Increased- loss of body fluids causes a relative increase in Hct. Polycythemia causes actual increase in Hct.
Decreased- overhydration causes a relative decrease in HCT; a decrease in number of RBC's such as hemmorage causes an actual decrease in HCT; pregnancy.
Normal Values- men=42-52%; women= 37-47%
Increased- loss of body fluids causes a relative increase in Hct. Polycythemia causes actual increase in Hct.
Decreased- overhydration causes a relative decrease in HCT; a decrease in number of RBC's such as hemmorage causes an actual decrease in HCT; pregnancy.
Hemoglobin (hgb)
Brief Description- measures the amount of hgb in the RBC's
Normal Values- men=14-18 g/dL; women= 12-16 g/dL
Increased- some generic anemias such as thalassemia are hyperchromic (too much Hgb).
Decreased- anemia, blood loss, bone marrow suppression, abnormal Hgb diseases such as sickle cell anemia.
Normal Values- men=14-18 g/dL; women= 12-16 g/dL
Increased- some generic anemias such as thalassemia are hyperchromic (too much Hgb).
Decreased- anemia, blood loss, bone marrow suppression, abnormal Hgb diseases such as sickle cell anemia.
About this deck
By: Rachel Hudson
Textbook: Fundamentals of Nursing
Created: 2011-09-13
Size: 14 flashcards
Views: 49
Textbook:
Fundamentals of NursingCreated: 2011-09-13
Size: 14 flashcards
Views: 49
About StudyBlue
STUDYBLUE makes things that make you better at school.
Things like online flashcards with photos and audio.
Things like personalized quizzes and friendly reminders about when (and what) to study next.
Think of it as a digital backpack™: access to all of your study materials online and on your phone.
STUDYBLUE exists to make studying efficient and effective for every student, for free. Join us.
“I have been getting MUCH better grades on all my tests for school. Flash cards, notes, and quizzes are great on here. Thanks!”
Kathy
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