Dissection Intro/Directional Planes

Anatomy with Hudson at North Carolina State University - College of Veterinary Medicine

About this deck

By: Leah Tucker
Created: 2011-08-18
Size: 46 flashcards
Views: 5

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Anatomy

The study of structure.

Physiology

The study of function.

Gross anatomy

The study of structures that can be dissected and observed with the unaided eye or with a hand lens.

Topographical anatomy

The anatomy of one part in relation to other parts of the body.

Applied anatomy

The practical application of such knowledge in the diagnosis and treatment of pathological conditions.

Plane

A surface, real or imaginary, along which any two points can be connected by a straight line.

Median Plane

Divides the head, body, or lib longitudinally into equall right and left halves.

Sagittal Plane

Passes through the head, body, or limb parallel to the median plane.

Transverse Plane

Cuts across the head, body, or limb at a right angle to its long axis or across the long axis of an organ or a part.

Dorsal Plane

Runs at right angles to the median and transverse planes and thus divides the body or head into dorsal and ventral portions.

Dorsal

Toward or relatively near the back and corresponding surface of the head, neck, and tail; on the limbs it applies to the upper or front surface of the carpus, tarsus, metapodium, and digits.

Ventral

Toward or relatively near the belly and the corresponding surface of the head, neck, thorax , and tail. (Never used for limbs.)

Medial

Toward or relatively near the median plane.

Lateral

Away from or relatively farther from the median plane.

Cranial

Toward or relatively near the head; on the limbs it applies proximal to the carpus and tarsus. (Rostral in head.)

Rostral

Toward or relatively near the nose. (Applies to head only.)

Caudal

Toward or relatively near the tail; on the limbs it applies proximal to the carpus nd tarsus. Also used in reference to the head.

Internal/Inner

Close to, or in the direction of, the center of an organ, body cavity, or structure.

External/Outer

Away from the center of an organ or structure.

Superficial

Relatively near the surface of the body or the surface of a solid organ.

Deep

Relatively near the center of the body or the center of a solid organ.

Proximal

Relatively near the main mass or origin; in the limbs and tail, the attached end.

Distal

Away from the main mass or origin; in the limbs and tail, the free end.

Radial

On that side of the antebrachium in which the radius is located.

Ulnar

On that side of the forearm in which the ulna is located.

Palmar

The aspect of the forepaw on which the pads are located and the corresponding surface of the metacarpus and carpus.

Plantar

The aspect of the hindpaw on which the pads are located and the corresponding surface of the metatarsus and tarusu.

Axis

The central line of the body or any of its parts.

Axial/Abaxial

Of, pertaining to, or relative to the axis.

Flexion

The movement of one bone in relation to another in such a manner that the angle formed at their joint is reduced.

Extension

The movement of one bone upon another such that the angle formed at their joint increases.

Over extension

Extension beyond 180 degrees.

Abduction

The movement of a part away from the median plane.

Adduction

The movement of a part toward the median plane.

Circumduction

The movement of a part when outlining the surface of a cone. (i.e., the arm extended drawing a circle.)

Rotation

The movement of a part around its long axis.

Supination

Lateral rotation of the appendage so that the palmar or plantar surface of the paw faces medially.

Pronation

Medial rotation of the appendage from the supine position so that the palmar or plantar surface will face the substrate.

Fascia

Denser, more regularly arranged connective tissue. It is more fibrous, and it envelops the body beneath the skin and encloses individual muscles or groups of muscles.

Superficial fascia

Deep to the areolar tissue, forming the deep portion of the subcutaneous tissue that covers the entire body. Blends with the deep fascia.

Deep fascia

More firmly attached to the muscle that it encloses.

Origin

The more proximal attachement, the part that moves the least. Usually a direct attachment of the muscle cells to the bone.

Insertion

The more distal attachment, the part that moves the most. Often by a tendon or aponeurosis extending from the muscle cells to the bone.

Tendon

Consists of dense, regularly arranged fibrous connective tissue organized into a small, well-defined bundle.

Aponeurosis

Has the same consistency as a tendon, but the fibrous tissue is arranged as a thin sheet of tissue.

Ligament

Dense fibrous connective tissue between bones, although the term is also used for a variety of thin fibrous connections between organs or between an organ and the body wall.

About this deck

By: Leah Tucker
Created: 2011-08-18
Size: 46 flashcards
Views: 5

About StudyBlue

“I have used this website for three exams, and I see a huge difference in my test results.”
Naj