Earth Science Final
Geographic Science 1113 with Jonathansumrall at Mississippi State University
About this deck
By: Stephanie Stone
Created: 2010-12-05
Size: 69 flashcards
Views: 30
Created: 2010-12-05
Size: 69 flashcards
Views: 30
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Intrusive
cools below the surface
Extrusive rocks
cools on the surface
what 3 elements make up 99.9% of the crust
Oxygen
Silicon
Potassium
Silicon
Potassium
what affects the silicate minerals
Low temperatures result in more stable,complex structures
Two criteria for igneous rock classify
Texture
Chemistry
Chemistry
Minerals that make up a granitic igneous rock
quartz
K-spar
Biotite
K-spar
Biotite
If you take away or add an electron to an atom, you would form a
an Ion
What minerals make up the majority of the Earth's crust
Silicates
Two reaction series of Bowen's Reaction Series is called
Discontinuous
Continuous
Continuous
types of bond holding molecules and compounds together
Ionic Bond
Metallic Bond
Hydrogen Bond
Metallic Bond
Hydrogen Bond
Type of rocks make up the continental crust
Granitic (Felsic)
which of the following is a mud-flow caused by a volcanic eruption
Lahar
Which type of seismic wave propagates through compression
Primary Wave
Aphanitic
is fine-grained
Phanieritic
is coursed-grained
How does the asthenosphere act
plastic
A helpful method of mineral identification
Streak
Hardness
Luster
Hardness
Luster
The two type of factors control the size and shape of volcanic landforms
amount of lava/Chemistry of lava
What was the planet Pluto demoted to in 2007
Dwarf planet
Two process that make up lithification
Cementation
Compaction
Compaction
Mechanical Weathering
increases the amount of surface area
Metamorphisism
can alter any type of rocks
Types of mechanical weathering is
Biological activity
Insolation
Crystal wedging
Insolation
Crystal wedging
The highest graded metamorphic rock is
gneiss
two classifications of metamorphic rock is
Foliated-has layers
Non-Foliated-does not have layer
Non-Foliated-does not have layer
Law of cross-cutting
a law that states that a fault/intrusion is younger than the rock that contains it
the difference between regolith and soil is
Regolith lacks organic matter
Law of superposition
In a sequence of undisturbed rock layers, younger rocks overlie older rocks
what do tectonic forces create with respect to weathering products
Basins
Mountains
Mountains
carbonation
The process that makes normal rainwater acidic
Clay
is the smallest grain size
what is the relationship between compaction and grain size
Grain-size decreases/Compaction increases
Spheroidal weathering
tendency to weather to rounded shapes
Latterite
the greatest leached soil
what does clear-cutting cause
soil erosion
Coal, Limestone, and Chert
Is chemical sedimentary rock
Olivine
is the least stable according to Golditch's (Bowens) Stability series
Marine, Transitional, Continental
are depositional environments
Wind, water and Gravity
is a mechanism of sedimentary transport
sedimentary rocks
are made up of bits and pieces of rocks
the larger, and more angular the rock is
the closer it is to is source
Heat and Pressure
are factors that control metamorphic grade
Volcanic island arcs
Volcanism is active on all islands
Evolution
separate major geological time period
Precambrian, Mesozonic, Quaternery
are major unit of the geological time scale
Continental Drift
the theory derived and supported by Alfred Wegner
what did Alfred Wegner use to better fit when placing the continents together
continental shelf instead to the sea shore
What is the difference between joint and a fault
Displacement
what is the difference between Anti-form and Anticline
Age distribution of layers
what stress is associated with strike-slip faults
Shear
major cause of sinkhole collapse
Dissolution of soluble rock
Collapse of cave roof
Human (anthropogenic) activity
Collapse of cave roof
Human (anthropogenic) activity
Basin
A circular downwarp in the crust
what is the age of the oldest oceanic crust
200 million years
Convergent, Divergent, and Transform
is types of plate boundary
Continental going under oceanic
CANNOT OCCUR
What age is the solar system
4.6 billion years
angle of repose
loose materials tend to stabilize at a slope at 25 degrees to 40 degrees.
Factors governing mass movement
Gravity and slope
Nature of material
Water
Attitude of material
Vegetation
Nature of material
Water
Attitude of material
Vegetation
Creep
Slow gradual down slope motion
Solifluction
Motion over frozen ground
When water is backed up behind a dam, it has tremendous
Potential energy
saltation
The process by which grains jump along a stream bed
what happens if discharge of a river increases during a flood?
The velocity of a river increases and the stream over flows its banks
competence
the maximum sized particles that a stream can more
Limestone
most common soluble rock
worlds largest ports
singapore
rotterdam
shanghai
hong kong
south Louisiana
rotterdam
shanghai
hong kong
south Louisiana
factors govern mass movement
gravity and slope
nature of the materals
water
attitude of material
vegetation
nature of the materals
water
attitude of material
vegetation
triggers mass movement
1. UNDERCUT THE BOTTOM OF THE SLOPE
2. OVERLOAD THE TOP OF THE SLOPE
3. VIBRATION - OCCURS NATURALLY BY EARTHQUAKE
4. WATER - THE MOST COMMON NATURAL REASON
types of mass movement
flow
slide
rockfall
slide
rockfall
About this deck
By: Stephanie Stone
Created: 2010-12-05
Size: 69 flashcards
Views: 30
Created: 2010-12-05
Size: 69 flashcards
Views: 30
About StudyBlue
STUDYBLUE makes things that make you better at school.
Things like online flashcards with photos and audio.
Things like personalized quizzes and friendly reminders about when (and what) to study next.
Think of it as a digital backpack™: access to all of your study materials online and on your phone.
STUDYBLUE exists to make studying efficient and effective for every student, for free. Join us.
“I have used this website for three exams, and I see a huge difference in my test results.”
Naj
Naj