Exam 1: Ch.1

carbs

fats/lipids

proteins*

vitamins

plasma membrane

cytoplasm

a nucleous

RBC's- no nucleous

skeletal muscle- many nuclei

organells

inclusions

cytosol

structure

function

malfunction (disease)

epithelial

connective

muscle

nervous

all individuals of a species living in some defined area

*(P=people)

all individuals of the different species living in some defined area

*(C=combination of people and animals, etc...)

different organisms living in the same environment

(wetlands and oak forest)

a collection of ecosystems with similar climates

(desert, tundra, rainforest)

increase in body size due to:

-increase in size of existing cells (fusion of cells into larger ones)

-increase in the # of cells

-increase in the amount of material surrounding cells

-*bone makers

-mitosis (standard cell division)

-mieosis (sarts at puberty; reproduction and division of chromosomes)

-cleavage(cells become smaller with division)

no right or left side; DOES have definite shape

*symmetry of a wheel

-horizontal line near belt-line

-divides body into superior(upper) and inferior(lower) parts

1. cranial (breain)

2. vertebral (spinal cavity and spinal chord)

1. thoracic; superior to diaphragm (cavities of the chest)

2. abdominopelvic; inferior to diaphragm (upper and lower abdominal organs)

-left pleural (left lung)

-right pleural (right lung)

-mediastinum*

trachea

aorta

esophagus

heart in pericardium*

walk on soles

(humans)

superior/ cranial

in the direction of the head

inferior

toward the lower part of the body