Exam 1: Ch.2
Biology 2443 with Walker at University of Arkansas - Fayetteville
About this deck
By: amanda warneke
Textbook:
Principles of Human Anatomy
Created: 2011-02-09
Size: 35 flashcards
Views: 9
Textbook:
Principles of Human AnatomyCreated: 2011-02-09
Size: 35 flashcards
Views: 9
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centrally located organelle, containing genetic material (DNA), that controls the activities of a cell
nucleus
the double layered membrane that envelopes the nucleous of a eukaryotic cell, separating the contents of the nucleous from the cytoplasm
nuclear envelope = nuclear membrane
hereditary unit of DNA that occupies a specific location on a chromosome and determines a particular characteristic in an organism
gene
In the nucleus of each cell, the DNA molecule is packaged into thread-like structures called ___________, each of which is made up of DNA tightly coiled many times around proteins called histones that support its structure
chromosomes
Mass of genetic material composed of DNA and proteins that condense to form chromosomes during eukaryotic cell division (is located in the nucleus of a cell)
chromatin
material in a cell located between the nucleus and the plasmalemma
cytoplasm
The membrane surrounded structures (e. g., mitochondria, lysosomes) in the answer to no. 6
organells
Components (e. g., fat droplets, pigment granules) not surrounded by a membrane in the answer to no. 6
inclusions
Constitutes most of the material in the answer to no. 6
cytosol = cytoplasmic ground substance
The ______________ of a cell is made up of three kinds of protein filaments
cytoskeleton
The primary microtubule organizing center (MTOC) of animal cells, that divides prior to cell division (daughter MTOCs act as poles of the spindle apparatus)
centrosome
A short microscopic hair-like process extending from the surface of a cell or unicellular organism that is capable of rhythmical motion and movement of substances
cilium
A whip-like = long organelle specialized for locomotion (e. g., locomotor organ of a sperm cell)
flagellum
A minute particle in the nucleus of a cell composed of protein and ribonucleic acid (RNA) that serves as the site of protein synthesis
ribosome
The _______________ (ER) in the nucleus of a cell is responsible for the production of the protein and lipid components of most of the cell's organelles
endoplasmic reticulum
The _______________ is an organelle found in eukaryotic cells; it changes and packages proteins ready for export from the cell
golgi body
A membrane-bounded organelle, found in the cytoplasm of eukaryotic cells, that contains digestive enzymes and acts as the "garbage disposal" of the cell by breaking down cell components that are no longer needed
lysosome
Organelles that are the energy power houses of the cell
mitochondria
The limiting structure that surrounds a cell and regulates what enters and leaves it
plasmalemma = cell membrane
When cells must move materials in an opposite direction - against a concentration gradient, it requires energy
active transport
When materials move from a higher concentration to a lower concentration and the cell does not expend energy
passive transport
When cells obtain materials by engulfing them (= “cell eating”)
phagocytosis
Movement of water through a semipermeable membrane from a region of concentration to a region of lower concentration (an example of passive transport)
osmosis
Movement of a oxygen through a semipermeable membrane from a region of high concentration to a region of lower concentration (an example of passive transport)
diffusion
The initial cell divisions after zygote formation that reduce cell sizes and maintains diploid chromosome number
cleavage
Cell división that results in production of either eggs or sperm with half the original number of chromosomes
meiosis
Descriptively, somatic cell division in humans pertains to production of
-cells with 2 sets of chromosomes
-cells with a diploid number of chromasomes
Another name for somatic cell division is
mitosis
Cytokinesis refers to
division of the cytoplasm
Stage of mitosis in which the genetic material = DNA is doubled in preparation for preserving the diploid chromosome number
interphase
Stage of mitosis in which chromatin condenses into chromosomes, nuclear membrane is not visible, and the spindle is organized
prophase
Stage of mitosis in which chromosomes are aligned around the equator of the cell = middle of the spindle
metaphase
Stage of mitosis in which chromatids connected by a centromere separate and begin to move to different poles as chromosomes
anaphase
Stage of mitosis in which chromosomes arrive at opposite poles and cytokinesis begins
telophase
What are the stages of mitosis listed in order from beginning to end
interphase-prophase-metaphase-anaphase-telophase
About this deck
By: amanda warneke
Textbook: Principles of Human Anatomy
Created: 2011-02-09
Size: 35 flashcards
Views: 9
Textbook:
Principles of Human AnatomyCreated: 2011-02-09
Size: 35 flashcards
Views: 9
About StudyBlue
STUDYBLUE makes things that make you better at school.
Things like online flashcards with photos and audio.
Things like personalized quizzes and friendly reminders about when (and what) to study next.
Think of it as a digital backpack™: access to all of your study materials online and on your phone.
STUDYBLUE exists to make studying efficient and effective for every student, for free. Join us.
“I have used this website for three exams, and I see a huge difference in my test results.”
Naj
Naj