Exam 1
Psychology 201 with Klubnik at Oregon State University
About this deck
By: Alli Chase
Created: 2012-04-24
Size: 62 flashcards
Views: 14
Created: 2012-04-24
Size: 62 flashcards
Views: 14
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Cornea
clear hard covering that protects lens of eye
Pupil
Light enters the eye through this opening
Iris
muscle connected to the pupil that changes its size to let in more or less light
-colored part of eye
Lens
Behind pupil, bends light waves to focus images on the retina
retina
thin layer of nerve tissue that lines back of the eye
- contains the receptors that convert light to nerve inpulses
Transduction
process where the eye converts electromagnetic energy (light) into nerve impulses
Binocular depth
input from both eyes
Binocular disparity
each eye provides slightly different viewpoint
Convergence
eye move inward as object comes closer
Linear Perspective
two parallel lines look like they are coming together
- looking down a hallway
Interposition
overlapped images give you a sense of depth
Theory
Set of related assumptions from which we can make testable predictions
Hypothesis
specific, informed and testable prediction of the outcome of a particular set of conditions in a research design
OPTIC
observation, prediction, testing, interpretation, communication
Replicate
independently confirm results
Population VS sample
population- whole group you want to study
sample- people you actually study
Descriptive studies
researcher defines a problem and variable of interest but makes no prediction and does not control or manipulate anything
Correlation design
studies that measure two or more variables and their relationship to one another, not designed to show causation
Independent variable
variable that is manipulated by the experimenter
Dependent variable
outcome measured
Dominant Gene
show effect even with only one allel
Recessive Gene
need both alleles to show effect
Alleles
different forms of a gene
- inherit one allele from each parent
Nervous system (made up of...)
-Central nervous system
- peripheral nervous system
Central nervous system is composed of...
brain and spinal cord
spinal cord
primary means for transmitting messages between the brain and the rest of the body
Peripheral nervous system is made up of...
neurons with long axons and dendrites
Trichromatic color theory
color that we experience results from a mixing of 3 colors of light
-red, green, blue
Opponent process theory
cones linked together in 3 color pairs that oppose one another, so activation of one member or pair inhibits activity in the other
PNS: somatic devision
voluntary muscle activation
PNS: autonomic division
controls smooth, muscle, cardiac muscle, and glands; mostly involuntary
Sensory neurons
carry messages to the central nervous system
motor neurons
carry messages from the central nervous system to the voluntary muscles
Glial Cells
provide structural support, promote efficient communication, remove debris
neurons
cells that process and transmit information throughout the nervous system
Soma
cell body
Axon
Myelin sheath
Synapse
junction where information is transmitted
Steps in action potential
1. neuron receives info from receptor or other neurons
2. depolarization: sodium channels open. spike positive charge
3. action potential occurs
Hindbrain
medulla
pons
cerebellum
Medulla
regulates vital functions such as breathing and circulation
Pons
involved in body movement and arousal
Cerebellum
coordinates fine muscle movement, and cognitive activities
Brain stem
midbrain, medulla and pons
Forebrain
cerebrum
thalamus
cerebrum
involved in sensing, thinking, learning, emotion, consciousness and voluntary actions
Thalamus
relay center for incoming sensory information
4 lobes of the brain
Frontal
parietal
temporal
occipital
Frontal lobe
Planning, abstract thinking, impulse control and social awareness
-primary motor cortex
Parietal Lobe
Sensation and perception of touch
temporal lobes
main function is hearing, also involved in memory and emotion
Occipital lobes
vision
Pituitary gland
"master" gland that regulates other endocrine glands
Wilhelm Wundt
opened the first psychology lab in Germany
William James
Founder of psychology in the US
Behaviorism
Psychology can be a true science only if it examines observable behavior, not ideas, thoughts or feelings
Nature through Nurture
position that the environment constantly interacts with biology to shape who we are and what we do
Single genes
monogenic transmission
- physical outcome
Multiple genes
polygenic transmission
-behavioral outcomes
Twin studies
compared identical and fraternal twins
- if a trait is genetic, identical twins should be more similar than fraternal twins
Adoption studies
compared adopted children with adoptive and biological parents
Twin adoption studies
compared twins and biological siblings raised together and apart
About this deck
By: Alli Chase
Created: 2012-04-24
Size: 62 flashcards
Views: 14
Created: 2012-04-24
Size: 62 flashcards
Views: 14
About StudyBlue
STUDYBLUE makes things that make you better at school.
Things like online flashcards with photos and audio.
Things like personalized quizzes and friendly reminders about when (and what) to study next.
Think of it as a digital backpack™: access to all of your study materials online and on your phone.
STUDYBLUE exists to make studying efficient and effective for every student, for free. Join us.
“I have used this website for three exams, and I see a huge difference in my test results.”
Naj
Naj