Exam 1
Chemistry 103 with Professor Arnold at Indiana University-Bloomington
About this deck
By: Allyson Sproul
Created: 2011-02-07
Size: 38 flashcards
Views: 28
Created: 2011-02-07
Size: 38 flashcards
Views: 28
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chemistry
Is the study of matter and the changes that matter undergoes.
Matter
is anything that has mass and occupies space
substance
form of matter that has definite composition and distinct properties.
They can be elements or compounds
They can be elements or compounds
Element
Substance that cannot be separated into simpler substances by chemical means.
Compound
is a substance composed of two or more elements chemically united in fixed proportions
Cannot be separated into simpler substances by any chemical means.
Separation requires a chemical reaction.
Cannot be separated into simpler substances by any chemical means.
Separation requires a chemical reaction.
mixture
physical combination of two or more substances
can be separated by physical means into pure components without changing the identities of the components.
can be separated by physical means into pure components without changing the identities of the components.
homogeneous mixture
uniform without
heterogeneous mixture
not uniform
quantitative properties
measured and expressed with a number
qualitative properties
do not require measurement and are based on observation.
physical property
can be observed and measured without changing the identity
physical change
state of matter changes but the identity of the matter doesnt change
chemical property
what a substance exhibits as it interacts with another
chemical change
one that results in a change of composition; the original substance no longer exists.
extensive property
depends on the amount of matter (mass, volume)
intensive property
does not depend on the amount of matter (temperature, density)
BASE SI UNITS: length, mass, time, electric current, temp, amount intensity
length- meter
kilogram
second
ampere
kelvin
mole
candela
kilogram
second
ampere
kelvin
mole
candela
Prefixes with SI units
Tera 12
giga 9
mega 6
kilo 3
deci -1
centi -2
milli -3
micro -6
nano -9
pico -12
giga 9
mega 6
kilo 3
deci -1
centi -2
milli -3
micro -6
nano -9
pico -12
Freezing and Boiling point and kelvin --> celcius celcius to fahrenheit
freeze - 0
boiling 100
k = c + 273.15
f = (9/5 x temp in C) + 32 F
boiling 100
k = c + 273.15
f = (9/5 x temp in C) + 32 F
How many cm^3 in a mL? how to find density?
1cm^3 = 1 mL
D = m/v
D = m/v
Exact and Inexact numbers
exact - numbers which have defined values
inexact - obtained by any method other than counting
inexact - obtained by any method other than counting
Accuracy and Precision
accuracy - how close a measurement is to the true value
precision - how closely multiple measurements of the same thing are to one another
precision - how closely multiple measurements of the same thing are to one another
Law of Multiple Proportions
if two elements can combine to form more than one compound with eachother the masses of one element that combine with a fixed mass of the other element are in ratios of small whole numbers
atom
basic unit of an element
Alpha, beta, gamma
alpha are positive
beta negative
gamma no charge
beta negative
gamma no charge
Ernest rutherford
used gold foil to prove the structure of the atom.
positive charge is in the nucleus
dense nucleus
positive charge is in the nucleus
dense nucleus
Protons and Neutrons
protons are positive, neutrons are neutral.
Atomic number
number of protons
Mass number
number of protons and neutrons
Isotopees
same protons but different neutrons
Periods
horizontal rows in periodic table
Groups/Families
Vertical columns in periodic table
Main group elements
1A through 7A on periodic table
metals
good conductors of heat and electricity. shiny, malleable
represented by empirical formula
represented by empirical formula
nonmentals
poor conductors of heat and electricity, brittle not shiny
may be written as empirical formula or as polyatomic molecules
may be written as empirical formula or as polyatomic molecules
metalloids
intermediate properties
Valence Electrons
outermost electrons of an atom
involved in formation of chemical bonds
1-8 from left to right on periodic table
involved in formation of chemical bonds
1-8 from left to right on periodic table
Ionic Charges
number of electrons an element tends to gain or lose is a periodic property
+1, +2, +3, +/- 4, -3, -2, -1, 0
+1, +2, +3, +/- 4, -3, -2, -1, 0
About this deck
By: Allyson Sproul
Created: 2011-02-07
Size: 38 flashcards
Views: 28
Created: 2011-02-07
Size: 38 flashcards
Views: 28
About StudyBlue
STUDYBLUE makes things that make you better at school.
Things like online flashcards with photos and audio.
Things like personalized quizzes and friendly reminders about when (and what) to study next.
Think of it as a digital backpack™: access to all of your study materials online and on your phone.
STUDYBLUE exists to make studying efficient and effective for every student, for free. Join us.
“I have been getting MUCH better grades on all my tests for school. Flash cards, notes, and quizzes are great on here. Thanks!”
Kathy
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