Exam 1
Kinesiology 140 with Drollette at University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign
About this deck
By: Sean Johnson
Created: 2011-02-22
Size: 52 flashcards
Views: 38
Created: 2011-02-22
Size: 52 flashcards
Views: 38
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Sport
consists of rules, competition, gross motor movement, psychological strategy, and is motivated by internal and external rewards
Physical activity
bodily movement produced by skeletal muscles with the expenditure of energy
Exercise
repetitive, planned physical activity with the goal of maintaining/improving physical fitness
Sport and exercise psychology
the scientific study of human behavior in sport and exercise, and the practical application of that knowledge in sport and exercise settings
Sport sociology
a sub discipline of sociology that studies the network of roles, relationships, and interactions found in sport and their relationship to the institutional nature of sport
Coleman Roberts Griffith
father of american sport psychology at U of I, taught first sport psychology class
George Huff
the head of the Department of Physical Welfare at U of I
Qualitative research
maintenance of external validity- field observations, personal interview, does not mess with performance
Quantitative research
statistical analysis, manipulate variables, hypothesis testing- internal validity
Social psychological research
focused on the behaviors and attitudes of people who share a common social characteristics
Micro psychological research
emphasis on structure of small groups, research interest, sport teams reveal info about social processes of competition and cooperation
Macro psychological research
each group within a larger social setting
Societal norms
prescriptions for how one should act and dress in any given situation
Macro values
the criteria used in assessing the relative merit and correctness of objects, ideas, events, etc.
Status and role at societal level
groups and members have social positions and behavior expectations that limit and constrain behavior
Societal institutions
arrangements channel behavior in prescribed ways based on important areas of societal life
Functionalist Theory
attributes to societies the characteristics of cohesion, consensus, cooperation
what is the nature of social bond
Conflict Theory
focused on the social processes leading to disharmony, disruption, instability
Normative research
value-laden research that is done to prove a point
assumes about the way things should be and searches for evidence that this is not the case
Nonnormative research
A scientific description and explanation of what is rather that what ought to be
Performance
goal or achievement oriented behavior that is evaluated publicly and usually involves competition with the purpose of excelling over others
Sport Behavior
a sequence of motor acts that varies with regard to an athletes skillfulness and which may be incorporated into performance
Abilities
provide a basis for eventual skill acquisition and are influenced by heredity/genetics
Skills
learned and highly specialized acts or refinements of basic motor activities that is developed through repeated trials or practice
Fine skills
small muscle involvement (writing)
Gross skills
large skeletal muscle involvement (running)
Open skills
muscle movement in response to something else (hitting a baseball)
Closed skills
self paced motor action (serving a volleyball)
Discrete skills
has a definite beginning and end (pitching a baseball)
Serial skills
short sequence of movements that must be completed in a particular order (bowling)
Continual skills
repetitive movement that is performed over and over (cycling)
Behavioral theory
learning is flexible, manipulation of frequency and intensity of stimuli can teach any skill, any behavior can be sanctioned into more simple component behaviors
Habituation
an adjustment to repeated stimuli that provoke behavior as well as the development of a threshold for tolerating and interpreting certain stimuli
Operant Conditioning
learning a behavior occurs through rewards; the correct response is reinforce the incorrect is not
Positive punishment
something aversive or unpleasant occurs after the undesirable response
Negative punishment
removal of something pleasant after an undesirable response
Social cognitive theory of learning
learning occurs through the observation of others whose behavior is rewarded or punished
4 processes of Modeling
Attention, retention, motor reproduction, motivation
Types of Modeling
observational learning, live vs video, verbal vs silent, step by step vs all at once
Participation motivation
refers to why individuals become involved in sport
Socialization
the process by which individuals learn attitude, values, and behaviors associated with a given social role
occurs through reinforcements and modeling
Social learning theory
examines the roles of modeling, imitation, and vicarious learning in relation to socialization
occurs as a result of observing, integrating, and copying the proper and/or desirable behaviors of others
Determinants of Sport Participation
personal attributes, socialization situations, significant others
Harnter's model of perceived competence
examines the interactions and influences upon self-esteem of socialization, developmental factors, and individual differences in children
Proposition 48
1986- response to allegations of special treatment during admissions process
need certain amount of HS classes, GPA, ACT/SAT
negatively affected african-americans (charges said that it was designed to limit black athletes at schools)
Proposition 42
response to cultural bias allegations of Prop. 48
enables athletes who partially meet prop. 48 requirements to earn a scholarship for their first year
Kubler-Ross Model
human grieving model
stages: shock and denial, anxiety/guilt, depression, acceptance
Thanology-Rosenberg
retirement from sport is akin to social death
focuses on how members of a group treat an individual that has left the group
Social death
characterized as social isolation and rejection from the former in-group
Social Gerontology
emphasis on aging
considers life satisfaction as being dependent on characteristics of the sports experience
Disengagement theory
society and the person withdraw for the good of both, enabling younger people to enter the work force and for the retired individual to enjoy their remaining years
Factors that Contribute to crisis during career termination
self-identity, perceptions of control, social identity, social supports
About this deck
By: Sean Johnson
Created: 2011-02-22
Size: 52 flashcards
Views: 38
Created: 2011-02-22
Size: 52 flashcards
Views: 38
About StudyBlue
STUDYBLUE makes things that make you better at school.
Things like online flashcards with photos and audio.
Things like personalized quizzes and friendly reminders about when (and what) to study next.
Think of it as a digital backpack™: access to all of your study materials online and on your phone.
STUDYBLUE exists to make studying efficient and effective for every student, for free. Join us.
“I have used this website for three exams, and I see a huge difference in my test results.”
Naj
Naj