Exam 2 PHED (ch 3,4,5,and 6)

People who tend to gain weight in the hip area have a higher incidence of coronary heart disease than those people who gain weight in the abdominal area.  True/False

Nearly 90% of cases of type 2 diabetes could have been prevented with healthy lifestyle choices.  True/False

Type 1 diabetes

Since 1970, the daily caloric intake among Americans has risen by at least

For a person who is overweight, increasing physical activity can benefit health even if it doesn't result in a change in body weight or percent body fat.  True/False

One possible explanation for the increase in obesity among Americans over the past 40 years is

A waist to hip ratio above 1.0 is

According to standards issued by the National Institutes of Health (NIH) and the World Health Organization (WHO), a healthy BMI is between

Two people of the same body weight may have different values of percent body fat.  True/False

Which of the following definitions is incorrect?

A person with a body mass index of 31.2 is classified as

A condition called the "female athlete triad" consists of

People are at greater risk for early onset heart disease if they tend to gain weight in the

Which of the following is not a factor in the development of type 2 diabetes?

Metabolic syndrome increases the risk of heart disease for

The percentage of Americans who are classified as obese is approximately

Height and weight tables rely on

Essential body fat is located just below the skin.  True/False

The key to a healthy body composition is to

Most cases of acute back pain last longer than a month.  True/False

Nerve roots in the spine are the key component of intervertebral disks.  True/False

The structures that absorb and disperse stress on the spine are

Stretching exercises should be performed

A disadvantage of active stretching is that it

Which of the following is NOT one of the common stretching techniques?

active stretching

static stretching

proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation

isotonic stretching

The amount of stretch a muscle will tolerate is unlimited.  True/False

Joint capsules are

Dynamic flexibility does NOT affect your ability to

swim the crawl stroke.

perform a split.

swing a golf club.

pitch a softball.

Intervertebral disks maintain the spaces between vertebrae.  True/False

Which of the following is NOT a function of the spine?

protection of the spinal cord

structural support for the lower body

transmission of body weight to the lower body

attachment site for muscles, tendons, and ligaments

Back pain is NOT likely to result from

weak muscles.

increased flexibility.

poor posture.

sudden injury.

When walking, you should

keep your head up and chin in.

wear tight shoes.

take steps slow rather than fast.

point your toes slightly outward.

Jose checks his posture by standing with his back to a wall. He slides his hand easily between his lower back and the wall, but it almost touches both his back and the wall. Jose

When sitting at a computer, you should

place your knees slightly higher than your hips.

sit at an upright 90-degree position.

place your feet flat on the floor or on a footrest.

adjust the monitor so your eyes are level with the middle of the screen.

Of the following, which is best for your posture when lying down?

Smoking is a risk factor for low-back pain.  True/False

The most common site of back pain is the _____ area.

The thoracic vertebrae are found in the neck.  True/False

An essential component of safe passive stretching is

The stretching technique most commonly associated with injury is

The American College of Sports Medicine recommends performing stretching exercises at least _____ days per week.

A stretch should be held in position for a minimum of 45 seconds.  True/False

2.Good flexibility has NOT been shown to convey

improved body composition.

prevention of muscle soreness.

prevention of injuries.

improved performance in sports.

Flexibility is not an adaptable fitness component.  True/False

For overall fitness, you should include ______ different exercises in your weight training program.

A recommended amount of resistance and number of repetitions for improving muscular endurance is

A type of body weight exercise that emphasizes control of movement is called

A type of isotonic exercise used by athletes during training to simulate movement during sprinting or throwing is called

When a muscle lengthens as it contracts, the movement is referred to as an eccentric contraction.  True/False

Muscular force exerted as a muscle shortens is best classified as

Which of the following is NOT a result of inactivity and aging?

increase in fat free mass

nerves disconnecting from muscles they control

muscles that contract more slowly

loss of bone tissue

An essential hormone that men have in higher amounts than women and that allows men to build more muscle mass than women is

A person recruits more motor units when picking up a small weight than when picking up a large weight.  True/False

Activities that would predominantly use fast-twitch muscle fibers are

Power activities such as sprinting use predominantly fast-twitch muscle fibers.  True/False

Fast-twitch muscle fibers are NOT characterized by

fatigue resistance.

rapid contraction.

anaerobic energy system.

use in sprinting.

Slow-twitch muscle fibers are NOT characterized by

oxidative energy system.

use in endurance activities.

rapid contraction.

fatigue resistance.

A motor unit is made up of

The development of large muscle fibers is referred to as atrophy.   True/False

Heatstroke requires emergency medical treatment.  True/False

Excessive loss of body fluid is called

An appropriate exercise heart rate for an average individual is ________ of maximum heart rate.

Exercise reduces levels of high blood pressure.  True/False

Long-term effects of regular cardiorespiratory exercise include

During short high-intensity activities, fat is the favored fuel.  True/False

Which of the following is NOT an energy-containing nutrient?

proteins

fats

vitamins

carbohydrates

A person's total blood volume is circulated about once every ________ seconds.

The vena cava is the largest artery in the body.  True/False

Which of the following is NOT a component of the cardiorespiratory system?

the blood vessels

the brain

the lungs

the heart