exam 3
Geography 1112 with Diem at Georgia State University
About this deck
By: Jonathan Lamar
Created: 2012-03-26
Size: 19 flashcards
Views: 11
Created: 2012-03-26
Size: 19 flashcards
Views: 11
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sea-level pressure
pressure that would exist if the observation point were at sea level
isobar
lines of equal pressure
Pressure Gradient Force
Occurs when pressure differences exist between areas. Causes air to blow from an area of high pressure toward an area of low pressure.
winds
>horizontal pressure gradients initiate the movement of air as wind
>if no other forces were involved, the wind would always flow in the direction of the PGF
>two other forces are involved: Coriolis force and friction
Coriolis force
The force created by the Earth’s rotation that causes winds to be deflected to the right in the Northern Hemisphere and to the left in the Southern Hemisphere.
•Deflects all moving objects
•Deflection is to the right in theNorthern Hemisphere
•Deflection is to the left in theSouthern Hemisphere
Friction Force
Drags on the wind as it moves across surfaces; it decreases with increase in altitude
>also reduces the wind speed and thus the Coriolis force
winds in the upper atmosphere
* friction is absent or negligible
* winds move parallel to the isobars; geostrophic flow
Geostrophic Wind
Air flow that is parallel to straight isobars or height contours
near surface winds
>friction is important(slows down the winds)
>winds cross the isobars at an angle as they blow from high to lo pressure
anticyclone
>enclosed area of high pressure
>near the surface, air spirals out of anticyclones
>in free troposphere, air flows parallel to isobars
> at the surface, area of sinking air
cyclone
>enclosed area of low pressure
>near the surface, air spirals into cyclones
>in free troposphere, air flows parallel to isobars
>at the surface, area of rising air
Idealized, large-scale wind and pressure pattern in tropical latitudes of both hemispheres. Pushes air back to the equator.
semi-permanent pressure cells
>the pacific high pressure cell
>the north atlantic high pressure cell
>>can change substantially from summer to winter
>large vol. of air having relatively uniform temp and moisture characteristics horizontally
>maritime polar- cold and moist--- farthest east>Continental polar- cold and dry--- middle
>maritime polar- cold and moist-- farthest east
>Maritime Tropical- warm and wet--- south west
> Continental tropical- warm and dry
>Maritime tropical- warm and wet--- south east
fronts
>boundaries that seperate air masses with differing temperature and other characteristics
>most common in the middle latitudes
polar fronts
boundary between warm and cold air; abrupt horizontal change in temperature- stupid name because it isn't at the poles
cold fronts
•coldair mass approaches warm air mass
•relativelyfast
•unstableconditions
•usuallyheavy precipitation over a short duration
warm front
•warmair mass upward along edge of cold air mass
•relativelyslow
•stableconditions
•usuallylight precipitation over a long duration
occluded front
•forms when a cold front catches up to awarm front
•warm air mass gets pinched off from thesurface
About this deck
By: Jonathan Lamar
Created: 2012-03-26
Size: 19 flashcards
Views: 11
Created: 2012-03-26
Size: 19 flashcards
Views: 11
About StudyBlue
STUDYBLUE makes things that make you better at school.
Things like online flashcards with photos and audio.
Things like personalized quizzes and friendly reminders about when (and what) to study next.
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