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- Texas
- University of North Texas
- Geography
- Geography 1710
- Mc Gregor
- Exam 3 Review
Exam 3 Review
Geography 1710 with Mc Gregor at University of North Texas
About this deck
By: Sheena Ross
Created: 2011-04-12
Size: 21 flashcards
Views: 44
Created: 2011-04-12
Size: 21 flashcards
Views: 44
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What are the steps in the scientific method?
- Observation
- Research question
- Hypothesis
- Prediction
- Evidence & experimentation
- Theory
What is a testable hypothesis? Why is it critical to the scientific method?
- Provides definitive evidence that proposed relationships are correct or that they are wrong
What are plate tectonics? What evidence was used to support the theory of plate tectonics (both original and modern)?
Plate tectonics is the theory that encompasses continental drift, sea floor spreading and related aspects of crustal movement.
#3 Cont'd
Original: the rock sequences correlated, index fossils correlated, paleo climate correlated and geologic structure correlated
Modern: 1950s sonar technology developed during WWII provided detailed knowledge of the structure of the ocean floor
Modern: 1950s sonar technology developed during WWII provided detailed knowledge of the structure of the ocean floor
What features are associated with a subduction zone? A hot spot?
- Subduction:a deep ocean trench, volcanis arc on the overriding plate parallel to the trench, and a plane of earthquakes , shallow near the trench and descending beneath and beyond the volcanic arc
- Hot spot: volcanoes
Why and how are the continents and the oceans fundamentally different?
The rocks that comprise the ocean floor are young and dense created by the process of sea floor spreading. The basement rocks that compromise the continents are old and less dense, so they literally float on a sea of magma underneath
What is the difference between a rock and a mineral?
A mineral is a solid formation that occurs naturally in the earth while a rock is a solid combination of more than one mineral formations which is also occurring naturally
What are the major classes of minerals?
- Silicates: quartz, granite
- Oxides: Iron
- Carbonates: Carbon, oxygen
- Sulfides: galena,sulfur,pyrite
- Sulfates: sulfur,oxygen...gypsum
- Halides: salts
- Native elements: copper,silver,gold,diamond
What is the rock cycle and how does it relate to the three basic types of rock
The rock cycle is a model that describes the formation,breakdown and reformation of a rock as a result of sedimentary, igneous and metamorphic processes.
Sedimentary cycle is a subcycle within the rock cycle
See slide #8
Sedimentary cycle is a subcycle within the rock cycle
See slide #8
What is weathering? What are the major weathering processes?
Parent rock breaks apart into smaller rocks
- Physical: frost action , temp. change, wind blown sand, mass wasting (mass movement)
- Chemical: salt action-crystals grow causing grain by grain disintegration .Oxidation-dissolves oxygen in water attacks metals. Hydrolysis-soaking until a chemical change occurs. Carbonic Acid- rain water is acidic, so dissolves carbonates
- Biological: lichen
What is the erosional cycle?
Rocks become individual grains. consists of weathering, transportation and deposition
What is and aquifer? What are the three major classes of aquifers?
An aquifer is a pool of groundwater large enough to be an economic resource
- Unconfined is most common
- Confined is less common but can be very important
- Karst is a special type that occurs in limestone rocks when a system of caves in connected and has water flowing through it
What is a Karst? A Karst system? Karst topography? How can Karst also be and aquifer?
Karst topography develops in thick limestone formations, usually in humid climates.
Who was Hans Jenny? What are his five major soil farming factors?
A soil scientist and expert on pedology. Helped systematize soil science
Soil=function
Soil=function
- Climate
- Biota
- Parent Material
- Topography
- Time
What is Van Hoff's rule and how does it relate to soil processes?
States that the rate of biochemical action doubles with each 10 degrees celcius.
Increase in temp chemical reactions of growth and decomposition occur much faster in hot, wet environments than cold, dry ones
Increase in temp chemical reactions of growth and decomposition occur much faster in hot, wet environments than cold, dry ones
What are the principal soil properties?
Horizons, color, ph, organic content, texture and structure
Why is texture an especially important property soils?
It controls water relations
What is the difference between pedocal and pedalfer? Where is each located?
Pedocal form in dry environments and have calcium. Pedalfers form in humid environments have iron and aluminium
What is a histosol, vertisol,aridisol,mollisol,spodosol,
- Mollisol: grassland soils
- Spodosol: Soils of needle leaf forests
- Aridisol: Desert soils
- Vertisol: shrinks and sweel moving building foundations. Dry soild shrinks, wet soil expands
About this deck
By: Sheena Ross
Created: 2011-04-12
Size: 21 flashcards
Views: 44
Created: 2011-04-12
Size: 21 flashcards
Views: 44
About StudyBlue
STUDYBLUE makes things that make you better at school.
Things like online flashcards with photos and audio.
Things like personalized quizzes and friendly reminders about when (and what) to study next.
Think of it as a digital backpack™: access to all of your study materials online and on your phone.
STUDYBLUE exists to make studying efficient and effective for every student, for free. Join us.
“I have been getting MUCH better grades on all my tests for school. Flash cards, notes, and quizzes are great on here. Thanks!”
Kathy
Kathy