Exam 3
Geology 100 with Lambert at Kansas State University
About this deck
By: Sierra Porter
Created: 2011-04-09
Size: 41 flashcards
Views: 114
Created: 2011-04-09
Size: 41 flashcards
Views: 114
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Alluvial
alluvial fan is a coneshaped accumulation of mostly sand and gravel deposited where a stream flows from a mountain valley onto an adjacent lowland
Cyclothem
a vertical sequence of cyclically repeating sedimentary rocks resulting from alternating periods of marine and nonmarine deposition; commonly contain a coal bed
Alluvium
a collective term for all detrital sediment transported and deposited by running water
Turbiditary Current
an underwater flow of a sediment and water with a greater density than sediment-free water
flows downslope until it reaches the relatively flat seafloor where it slows and begins depositing large particles followed by progressively smaller ones
Anticline
an up-arched or convex upward fold with the oldest rock layers in its core
Fault
a fracture along which rocks on opposite sides of the fracture have moved parallel with the fracture surface
Stratigraphic Trap
hydrocarbon reservoirs which consist of nearshore marine sandstones with nearby fine-grained, organic-rich source rocks
S-wave Velocities
somewhat slower than P-waves and can travel only through solids. The velocity is determined by the density and elasticity of the materials through which they travel
Asthenosphere
surrounds the lower mantle, has the same composition as the lower mantle but behaves plastically and flows slowly
Aureole
a zone surrounding a pluton in which contact metamorphism took place
Body Waves
They travel through the solid body of Earth, somewhat like sound waves.
An earthquake generates two types of body waves: P-waves and S-waves.
Surface Waves
which travel along the ground surface, they are analogous to undulations or waves on water surfaces
Brittle Rock Failure
show little or no plastic strain before they fracture
Ductile Rock Failure
show a great deal of plastic strain before they fracture
Carbonate Rocks
any rock, such as limestone and dolostone, made up mostly of carbonate minerals
Chert
a hard rock composed of microscopic crystals of quartz; hard and lacks cleavage, can form sharp cutting edges
some colors: flint(black), jasper(red or brown by iron oxides),
Flint
a color variety of of chert, it is black because of inclusions of organic matter
Claystone
primarily clay-sized particles
Mudstone
a mixture of silt and clay
Shale
some mudstones and claystones are designated shale if they are fissile, meaning that they break along closely spaced parallel planes
Siltstone
mostly silt-sized particles
Compaction
reduction in the volume of a sedimentary deposit that results form its own weight and the weight of any additional sediment deposited on top of it
Carbonate Compensation Depth
the depth where carbonate ions under saturation in the water column or in the sediment pore and the water interface is large enough so that the rate of calcium carbonate (CaCO3) sedimentation is totally compensated for by the rate of calcium carbonate dissolution, reaches the carbonate compensation depth (CCD)
About this deck
By: Sierra Porter
Created: 2011-04-09
Size: 41 flashcards
Views: 114
Created: 2011-04-09
Size: 41 flashcards
Views: 114
About StudyBlue
STUDYBLUE makes things that make you better at school.
Things like online flashcards with photos and audio.
Things like personalized quizzes and friendly reminders about when (and what) to study next.
Think of it as a digital backpack™: access to all of your study materials online and on your phone.
STUDYBLUE exists to make studying efficient and effective for every student, for free. Join us.
“I have used this website for three exams, and I see a huge difference in my test results.”
Naj
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