Exam 4 - Language
Psychology 318 with Simpson at University of Kansas
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the acedemic disipline that takes language as it's topic
linguistics
the study of langauge as it is used & learned by people
psycholinguistics
underlying knowledge of structure of language (knowledge gets filtered through all of our abilities)
competence
use of language, linguistic knowledge & cognitive psychology
performance
everything we encounter has more than one interpretation and can be at any level
ambiguity
sound structure of language (units of speech sound)
phonology
formation of words
morphology
formation of sentences, verb/ajective, arrangement of words as elements in a sentence to show their relationship to one another
syntax
example: "passangers should refrain from transporting any items of luggage without their knowledge"
prepositional phrases
meaning
ex. the shooting of the hunter was terrible.. was the hunter shot?
semantics
the use of language
pragmatics
nothing about a sound shows what something means
arbitrary
we can talk about things displaced in time, we can talk about something untrue
displacement
no limits to the number of sentences you can speak & understand
productivity/generativity
basic sounds that compose a language, smallest unit of speech sound that makes a difference for meaning but does not have meaning
/b/ and /p/ because they make differnce to meaning - bin & pin
phonemes
smallest unit of speech sound, and don't have relevance to meaning [ph] & [p], [ph] is with puff of air
phones
two realizations of a single phoneme ex. [ph] and [p]
allophones
all the sounds falling within a set of boundaries are percieved the same despite the physical differences among them (diffrences between hard /k/ in keep and cool are percieved as belonging to the same catagory)
catagorical perception
smalled unit of meaningful speech
morphology
word recognition
psydoprefixed words
the constitutes of the sentence, the word groupings and phrases that make up the whole utterance and the relationships among those constituents
phrase structure grammar
reveal hierarchical structure of a sentence and the internal structure of the various parts as they relate to each other
tree diagrams
abstract representation of the sentence, underlying relationships between grammar in a sentence
deep structure
relationships of words in spoken sentence (might have more than one meaning)
surface structure
converts deep structure into a surface structure (a sentence ready to be spoken)
transformational rules
we build a sentence as we go
immediacy of processing
early parts of the sentence sets you up so that the later phrases in the sentence don't make sense given the way assigned case roles in the first, you make the wrong judgements before the sentence is over
garden path sentences
you write as least at you can, decreases the burden on STM
minimal attachment
when Madonna sings the song, it's a hit (this makes sense)
when Madonna sings, the songs a hit (doesn't make sense)
late closure
studying damages areas in the brain, not uniform among patients
lesions
shows electrical activity in brain
ERP
ERP has bad _______ resolution
spatial
measures homodynamic response
neuroimaging
neuroimaging has bad _______ resolution
temporal
problems with spoken language, disrupted speech comprehension and syntax
Broca's Aphasia
disrupted comprehension of spoken & written language, syntax (grammer) is perserved
Wernicke's Aphasia
inability to read
dyslexia/alexia
anomia
inability to name objects
indirect requests, sarcasm, metaphor (topic & vehicle), idiom
nonliteral language
About this deck
About StudyBlue
STUDYBLUE makes things that make you better at school.
Things like online flashcards with photos and audio.
Things like personalized quizzes and friendly reminders about when (and what) to study next.
Think of it as a digital backpack™: access to all of your study materials online and on your phone.
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“I have been getting MUCH better grades on all my tests for school. Flash cards, notes, and quizzes are great on here. Thanks!”
Kathy
Kathy