Exam #4 - Part 2
Music: History 121 with Garrett at University of Michigan - Ann Arbor
About this deck
By: Breanna Luckett
Textbook:
Listen includes Textbook, DVD & 3- CD Set (6th Edition)
Created: 2010-04-07
Size: 30 flashcards
Views: 23
Textbook:
Listen includes Textbook, DVD & 3- CD Set (6th Edition)Created: 2010-04-07
Size: 30 flashcards
Views: 23
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William Grant Still
- Composer, arranger
- Blues/pop songs
- 100+ concert works
- 5 symphonies
- Mississippi
- Oberlin
William Grant Still was _____ trained, and exposed to ____
- Classically trained
- string player, oboe
- opera, symphony
- Blues/pop/jazz
- works in pop music industry
- composes blues songs
Who wrote Symphony No.1 (Afro-American) 1930
- William Grant Still
William's autobiography was titled ___
- Horizons Unlimited
Symphony No.1 (Afro-American), 1st movement
- Traditional Symphonic Form (4 contrasting movements)
- Longings
- Sorrows
- Humor
- Aspirations
- Traditional symphonic instrumentation
- 1st Movement follows typical sonata form
How does Symphony No.1 (Afro-American) contain African-American musical influences?
- Flavor of jazz, blues, spirituals
- 1st them in 12-bar blues form
- Call-and-response
- Muted brass (ala jazz and the blues)
What is the 1st symphony by an African American composer to be performed by a major orchestra?
- Symphony No.1 (Afro-American), William Still
Integration of Blues (and Jazz) by Classical Composers
- Bridge Classical/Popular Divide, Refresh the Tradition
- Draw on Vibrancy of African-American Music
- including specific musical techniques (Rhythm, Scale, Instrumentation, Style)
George Gershwin
- Piano miniatures
- Preludes
- Concert hall
- Rhapsody in Blue
- Opera stage
- Porgy and Bess
Rhapsody in Blue premieres in ____
- 1924
Rhapsody in Blue
- Composed in under a month
- Classical-style concerto "for jazz band and piano"
- with Gershwin on piano
Blues influences in Rhapsody in Blue
- Jazz rhythms, instrumentation, techniques
- Clarinet glissando
- Muted brass
- Smears, scoops
- Syncopation
- Call and response
- Blue notes
Patchwork form - Rhapsody in Blue
- 5 themes
- Influenced by Tin Pan Alley
- 4,8,16 bar phrases
- Jazz and pop song harmonies
- Frequent modulation
- Open-ended, symphonic-style development
The Blues
- African-American Musical Tradition
- origins in the late 19th century
- Style, set of musical techniques, form, Sensibility
Blues Timeline
- Oral tradition dates to 1870s-1880s
- Mississippi Delta Region
- folk music of poor, black, rural Americans
- First published as sheet music in early 1900s
- 1920 - popular recorded blues craze begins
City Blues
"Classic Blues"
Beulah "Sippie" Wallace
- Pianist, blues singer
- Houston / Detroit
Louis Armstrong
- cornet/trumpet player
"Sippie" Wallace, "If You Ever Been Down Blues"
- Trio: vocals/piano (Wallace), trumpet (Armstrong), clarinet
- Blues techniques
- call-and-response
- melodic and rhythmic flexibility / improvisatory
- blues notes, blues scale
- bluesy vocal delivery
- form: 5 blues choruses (2 vocal, 1 instrumental, 2 vocal)
Bluesy vocal delivery
- expressive, breathy, raspy timbre
- scoops, slides
The Blues Scale (in the key of C)
- Like a pentatonic scale, but pitches are not fixed
- Blues performers often slightly alter pitches or slide/scoop between them for expressive purposes
12-Bar Blues Form
- Strophic form
- each 12-bar stanza sung to same music
- music repeats every 12 bars
- lyrics change every 12 bars.
- arranged as three 4-bar phrases
Oliver Messiaen
- French composer, organist, teacher
- Music and spirituality
- music modernist
- rhythm
- atonality
- non-western influences
- time
- established composer in 1930s
- joins French army in 1939 (med corps)
- captured in 1940, sent to POW camp
Who wrote Quartet for the End of Time
- Oliver Messiaen
Quarter for the End of Time
- Premieres on Jan. 15, 1941
- Violin, cello, clarinet, piano
- 8 movements
- inspired by Biblical passage
What is the "end of time"?
- Biblical reference
- circumstances of composition
- eternity
- end of orderly, progressive musical time
Quarter for the end of time-1st mvmt "Crystal Liturgy"
- Listen to relationship of instruments to one another
- Birdsong
- improvisatory, motivic
- Circumstances of composition
- Eternity
Quarter for the end of time-2st mvmt "For the Angel Who Announce the End of time"
- ABA
- A=dissonance, power of angel
- B=harmonies of heaven
- "Blue-orange" chords
- synaesthesia
Quarter for the end of time-5st mvmt "Praise to the Eternity of Jesus"
- Inexorable slow, eternal
- long cello lines and spare piano chords
When was Messiaen released from POW camp
- 1942
- resumed composing, taught in Paris
- major figure in postwar avant-garde musical life
About this deck
By: Breanna Luckett
Textbook: Listen includes Textbook, DVD & 3- CD Set (6th Edition)
Created: 2010-04-07
Size: 30 flashcards
Views: 23
Textbook:
Listen includes Textbook, DVD & 3- CD Set (6th Edition)Created: 2010-04-07
Size: 30 flashcards
Views: 23
About StudyBlue
STUDYBLUE makes things that make you better at school.
Things like online flashcards with photos and audio.
Things like personalized quizzes and friendly reminders about when (and what) to study next.
Think of it as a digital backpack™: access to all of your study materials online and on your phone.
STUDYBLUE exists to make studying efficient and effective for every student, for free. Join us.
“I have been getting MUCH better grades on all my tests for school. Flash cards, notes, and quizzes are great on here. Thanks!”
Kathy
Kathy