exam 8

Test 8 Review ? How has psychodynamic therapy changed over time? ? It focuses on all relationships, not just early experiences ? Which is NOT a problem with benzodiazepines? ? Tardive dyskinesia ? The conventional antipsychotic drugs had a problematic side effect involving abnormal movement ? Tardive dyskinesia ? A good example of psychotherapy being used as a guardian of the status quo ? Occurred when psychiatry was used as a means of political control in the former Soviet Unions ? The main use of lithium is for ? Bipolar disorder ? Which is the most significant challenge to establishing that therapy is effective? ? Many people improve without formal treatment ? What does it mean to say a study is double-blind? ? Both the patient being given the drug and whoever will evaluate the drugs effects do not know whether the patient was given the treatment or the placebo ? Prozac is a ? Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor ? A randomized clinical trial ? Is a study where people are assigned to different groups by a flip of a coin.. ? Which is NOT an element of a therapeutic alliance? ? Client acceptance of the therapists theoretical orientation ? What is one of the best predictors of future violence? ? Past history of violence ? What might be a component of a biologically based universal strategy for preventing mental illness? ? Encouraging regular physical activity ? Although the majority of currently disordered persons show no tendency toward violence, an increased risk of violence is likely among those who ? Currently experience psychotic symptoms ? The Durham Rule ? Focused on the cause of an unlawful act ? Selective intervention programs that teach adolescents social skills and enhance feelings of competency are ? Aimed at increasing self-esteem and reducing the influence of negative peer pressure ? The process by which lithium reduces the likelihood of mood swings ? Is unknown at this time ? While ________ can be used in treatment, it also is a means by which problematic behaviors are acquired ? Modeling ? Why should defense lawyers be cautious about using the insanity defense? ? It rarely works ? A doctor prescribing lithium should NEVER say ? We are going to target dose your lithium: when you feel symptoms coming on, take your medication ? Why has the attempt to reduce the drug supply from other countries not reduced the rate of adolescent substance abuse? ? The drugs most abused by adolescents are alcohol and tobacco, which are easily available ? Therapy outcome studies depend on ratings of the changes seen in clients.. ? The cannot see the clients behavior in a range of settings ? Research on the impact of matching the clients race and ethnicity with the therapists indicates ? There is no solid evidence that outcomes are diminished when client and therapist are not matched ? In contrast to most other forms of therapy, the client-centered therapist ? Does not give answers or interpretations nor even steer the client onto certain topics ? The use of electroconvulsive therapy can be traced to ? The belief that schizophrenia and epilepsy are rarely comborbid disorders ? For bipolar patients, the risk of relapse after discontinuing lithium is ? Roughly 50% within six months ? The use of lithium in the U.S. was delayed due to ? The fact that is could not be patented ? Atypical antipsychotics are more commonly used today b/c ? May effectively treat both positive and negative symptoms of schizophrenia ? Joan was surprised that, when she went to therapy, her therapist didnt ask her questions but just listened to her talk ? Client-centered therapy ? Psychotherapy is best viewed as ? A set of tools ? Which changed with the Federal Insanity Defense Reform Act of 1984? ? It put the burden of proof on the defense ? Which of the activities does NIMH perform? ? Support professional training and provide public with info on mental health ? For which person is aftercare likely to be helpful b/c the person will fit the services typically offered? ? Ned, who has had several schizophrenic episodes ? At Rush General, the inpatient mental ward employs a program that focuses on modifying behavior of the patients by giving them gold stars for good behavior and ignoring undesirable behavior. ? Social learning ? Which might be a component of a biologically based universal strategy for preventing mental illness? ? Encouraging regular physical activity ? A son of a critical father comes to therapy one day and with no provocation is extremely hostile in his remarks to the therapist.The therapist might consider that _______ is occurring ? Transference ? Dr. Lucas says to a client with anxiety disorders, It is your unrealistic beliefs and perfectionistic values that cause you to be so anxious, not the events of your life. ? Rational emotive behavior ? Which is a characteristic of therapeutic community? ? Individual responsibility ? Psychodynamic interpersonally oriented therapies agree with classical psychoanalysis in the importance of ? Understanding the present in terms of the past ? All of the following are social forces that affect teen drug use Except ? Increased potency of street drugs ? A token economy is ? A type of contingency management ? Chrissy and her therapist together wrote a list of ten scenes involving Chrissys fear of flying.After teaching her a relaxation technique, Chrissys therapist told her to imagine herself in the least frightening scene while she made herself feel relaxed.Chrissy was undergoing ? Systematic desensitization 1. Dennis has disorganized type of schizophrenia.He has lived in an institution for years.He rarely shows any attempt at socializing.A new program is started " every time Dennis speaks to another person he is given a piece of red paper.At the end of each week, he can use the red papers to get cigarettes or extra priveleges.This new program is ? Punishment is a component of ? A token economy ? Which is believed to be essential for effective treatment? ? Aversion therapy ? Why are the SSRIs the most commonly used antidepressants today? ? Agreement b/w the client and the therapists about the goals of the treatment ? Because much of Donalds depression is a result of his lack of a healthy sexual relationship with his wife, Dr. Jones figured that the best drug to treat him would be ? Their side effects are more tolerable than those of first-generation antipsychotics ? Which person described below is the typical client in psychotherapy? ? Welbutrin ? One criticism of traditional behavioral couple therapy has been ? There is no typical client ? Freud called dreams the royal road to the unconscious because ? The emphasis on change ? What is usually used as a placebo in a study of psychosocial treatments? ? He believed that defenses were lowered during sleep and repressed materials would start to come out during dreams ? The text reported the case of a three-year old autistic boy who was reinforced initially for picking up eyeglass frames, then for holding them, then for carrying them around, and then for putting the frames on his head.This is an example of ? A wait list ? A major advantage of the atypical antipsychotic drugs is that ? Response shaping ? According to psychoanalysts, what is the therapists task when doing dream analysis? a. uncover the disguised meanings of the manifest content ? They have a low risk of movement related side effects ? A psychotherapist says to her client, Say whatever comes to your mind, no matter ho strange or painful it may seem. The psychotherapist is encouraging a. free association ? Traditional behavioral couples therapy a. uses training in communication skills and problems solving to increase caring behaviors in couples. ? Which of the following is an advantage of using Becks cognitive treatment for depression, as compared to drugs? c. the likelihood of relapse is decreased ? Which of the following is a criticism of humanistic-experiential therapies? a. goals are not clear ? The focus of process-experimental therapy is a. experiencing of emotions during therapy ? Which of the following statements about therapy is TURE? a. Even people who are happy and successful can benefit from therapy ? A doctor prescribing lithium should NEVER say: a. We are going to target dose your lithium: when you feel symptoms coming on take your medication. ? The current practice of providing treatment stresses a. the coordination of services in the community ? The new antianxiety drug Buspar has the advantage that a. it has a low potential for abuse ? Why is it important to prevent teen alcohol use? a. Early alcohol use is associated with later alcohol abuse and dependence ? Which of the following is a characteristic of a therapeutic community? a. individual responsibility ? What was unusual about the Hinckley case? a. He was successful in pleading the insanity case ? According to the MNaghten Rule, insanity is defined as a. not knowing right from wrong ? What kind of mistake do most mental health professionals make when assessing dangerousness? a. They over predict violence ? The use of drugs that have noxious effects and viewing movies that elicit disgust are both techniques associated with a. aversion therapy ? Drugs that block dopamine receptors are most likely to be used to a. treat psychotic disorders ? Efforts at reducing racism as a means of preventing mental illness would be a(n) ____ intervention. a. selective ? One criticism of traditional behavioral couple therapy has been a. the emphasis on change ? Community-based treatment programs are now referred to as a. after care programs ? Which of the following would be the most objective way of evaluation treatment success? a. measuring the change in through personality tests and other instruments ? Which of the following statements about therapy is TRUE? a. even people who are happy and successful can benefit from therapy ? What two professional groups deal extensively with emotional problems but typically do not have specific training in counseling? a. physicians and the clergy ? Which of the following is NOT an element of a therapeutic alliance? a. client acceptance of the therapists theoretical orientation ? What do the medications used to treat mental illnesses do? a. treat the symptoms of the illness ? According to the views of Carl Rogers, how should children be raised? a. they should be permitted to blossom into the people they are destined to be ? Dr. Hart says, For me, the goal of treatment is not to uncover inner conflicts, but to help the client achieve adaptive a. behavior ? How commonly are medications and therapy combined today? a. research suggests that over half of those in treatment receive both psychotherapy and medication ? What recent changes have altered the types of therapy that are available? a. There is an increased need to prove that therapy is effective ? In the mid-1900s, prefrontal lobotomies were popular as a treatment because a. there werent many other available treatments ? A token economy is a. a type of contingency management ? The outcome of psychotherapy is usually dependent on whether the therapist and client achieve a. a productive working alliance ? The time course of the effects of antidepressant medications suggests that a. changes in cellular functioning are necessary to alleviate the symptoms of depression ? A psychotherapist says to her client Say whatever comes to your mind, not matter how strange or painful it may seem. a. free association ? Suzanne is taking a benzodiazepine to treat her anxiety. She should be concerned that a. she may become physically dependent on the drug ? Research on the impact of matching the clients race and ethnicity with the therapists indicates that a. there is no solid evidence that outcomes are diminished when client and therapist are not matched ? All of the following are challenges of conducting randomized clinical trials of the effectiveness of therapy EXCPET: a. there is a little variation between different types of therapy ? Which of the following would be the most likely candidate for ECT? a. a pregnant and depressed twenty-five-year-old ? Why are the SSRIs the most commonly used antidepressants today? a. their side effects are more tolerable than those of the first generation antidepressants ? While ____ can be used in treatment, is also a means by which problematic behaviors are acquired. a. modeling ? A typical defense strategy, to try to counteract public anger about the insanity defense, is to a. portray the defendant as someone who was themselves a victim ? All of the following are sociocultural efforts toward universal prevention of mental disorders EXCEPT a. penal systems ? What kind of mistake do most mental health professionals make when assessing dangerousness? a. they overpredict violence ? What was unusual about the Hinckley case? He was successful in pleading the insanity case ? The underlying basis of the insanity defense is a. some people who have a mental illness are not able to fully comprehend their behavior, ,so are not able to form the needed intent for a crime, so shouldnt be punished ? What impact have HMOs had on mental health care? a. Greater emphasis has been placed on finding treatment approaches that are time and cost efficient ? At Rush General, the inpatient mental word employs a program that focuses on modifying the behavior of the patients a. social learning ? Why has the attempt to reduce the drug supply from other countries not reduced the rate of adolescent substance abuse? a. the drugs most abused by adolescents are alcohol and tobacco, which are easily available ? Which of the following was a result of the Americans with Disabilities Act? a. Employers cannot discriminate against people with psychiatric problems ? Tarasoff-style laws a. are in a majority of states but vary quite a bit ? Which of the following is a criticism of humanistic-experiential therapies? a. goals are not clear ? The focus on process-experimental therapy is a. experiencing of emotions during therapy ? One criticism of traditional behavioral couple therapy has been a. the emphasis on change ? What does it mean to say that a study is double-blind? a. both the patient being given the drug and whoever will evaluate the drugs effects do not know whether the patient was given the treatment or the placebo. ? Which of the following is believed to be essential for effective treatment? a. agreement b/t the client and therapist about the goals of treatment ? Most of NIMHs programs are a. actually planned and run by state and local organizations ? Predicting dangerousness is most comparable to a. preparing a whether forecast ? Oscar has been prescribed the following drugs over the years: Valium, Serax, Xanax, and Ativan. We can guess that Oscar has had problems with a. anxiety and insomnia ? An attorney says, My client has a mental disorder that made it impossible at the time of the crime, to have intended a. an insanity defense ? Which of the following is a form of behavior therapy that is commonly used in the treatment of anxiety disorders? a. systematic desensitization Final Review ? What did Seligman find by studying dogs exposed to uncontrollable shock? ? Exposure to shock altered level of brain chemicals known to be involved in depression ? Correlation to amount of TV watched and weight ? It is just as possible the being obese causes children to watch more tV ? What is value of ABAB design? ? Effects of a single form of treatment are studied twice in the same subject ? Why are correlational studies often used in abnormal psychology? ? It is often unethical or impossible to directly manipulate variables involved ? A researcher interviews on those people diagnosed with the disorder who are in an inpatient facility ? Nonrepresentative sampling ? A racing heart, clammy skin, and nervousness are all indications of anxiety.Together they comprise ? Symptom ? The role of learning is the central theme in ? The behavioral perspective ? During the middle ages in Europe, which was most likely to treat mental illness ? A priest ? What is mass madness ? An exhibition of disordered behavior by a group of people that appears to be caused by hysteria ? Kraeplin is credited with ? Identifying different types of mental disorders ? Cicero was feeling depressed.He sought help from Hippocrates, who probably would have ? Prescribed exercise, tranquility, and celibacy ? Mesmer was a proponent of ? Power of animal magnetism ? Nancy School/Charcot debate is best described as ? Learning v. nurture ? Freud is the first to describe the ________ ? Unconscious ? The moral management treatment ? Focused on the moral and spiritual development ? The early asylums ? Were primarily warehouses for the mentally ill ? Children from lower-SES families ? Are less likely to show ill effects of SES status if they possess a high IQ ? New perceptions and experiences tend to be worked into our existing schemas ? Accommodation ? In order to develop chicken pox, one must be exposed to the virus that causes chicken pox ? Necessary cause ? Attractive children and unattractive babies tend to be treated differently ? Active ? Resilient children ? May still experience emotional distress ? Which is a criticism of traditional psychoanalytic theory? ? Lack of scientific evidence ? Which not been identified as a potential protective factor? ? Outgoing personality ? Danielle is having problems with drinking ? A rating scale ? Which is not a criticism of projective tests ? Client responses are limited ? Which category of adjustive demands (stressors) would obstacles like prejudice and discrimination be placed in? ? Conflicts ? Agoraphobics are highly likely to have all of the following except ? Alcohol abuse ? No matter what prisoners try to do, they cannot escape ? Learned helplessness ? The effectiveness of lithium in the treatment of bipolar disorder ? Suggests that some abnormality in sodium function may explain the occurrence of depressive and manic episodes ? What disorders are often comorbid with eating disorders? ? Depression and personality disorders ? The healthiest way to deal with anger is to ? Communicate it constructively ? Psychosis means ? A significant loss of contact with reality ? Emotional dyscontrol and personality alterations are expected with ? Frontal lobe damage ? Which best illustrates the typical child with functional encopresis? ? A 7-year-old boy who soils himself when under stress ? Alcohol and marijuana use has decreased, ? But adolescents use of pain killers has increased ? The belief in the four humors as a means for explaining temperament ? Proposed that mental disorders were the result of an imbalance ? Ed has suffered a head injury in a car accident ? Neuropsychological tests ? Janes asthma has prevented her from advancing in her career ? Frustrations ? The case of Phineas Gage demonstrates ? The role of the brain in determining personality ? Mental health epidemiology is ? The study of the distribution of mental disorders in a given population ? Angela has had several periods of extremely up moods that last for a couple of weeks and she has gotten into trouble several times. ? Bipolar I disorder includes full blown mania ? What is most commonly true of the host identity in DID? ? It is not the original identity ? Viruses are ? Antigens ? Which of the following people with schizophrenia is likely to have the best prognosis? ? The teen who has been in a catatonic state for several days ? When Mrs. Thomason experienced a stroke, a small area of her brain was deprived of oxygenated blood.This resulted in a