Female Reproductive D/O

Continuing And Vocational Studies 1 with Smith at Blue Ridge Community College (VA)

About this deck

By: brittany abshire
Textbook:

Study Guide to Accompany Textbook of Basic Nursing (Lippincott's Practical Nursing)
Textbook of Basic Nursing
Created: 2011-02-17
Size: 66 flashcards
Views: 18

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Papanicolaou Test (Pap)

test of the uterine and vaginal secretions to test for cervical cancer (the malignant growth may shed cells into here )

What test only looks for cervical cells?

Pap

When should a pap be done?

In between the menstrual periods is the best time. Still they may show as much as 30-40% false negative

What provides about a 70% accurate test for cervical cancer?

endocervix aspiration

What has been proven effective in detecting 90% of cervical cancer?

Bx of the endometrium

What blood tests are associated with female cancers and what are the considerations of them?

estrogen and progesterone receptor analysis
Determine the effectiveness of cancer tx

Not reliable for an initial screening to determine whether or not someone has cancer

Mammography

an x-ray exam of the breasts that is capable of detecting some cancers 1-2 yrs before they are palpable

What is a more definitive diagnostic test for breast cancer?

xeroradiography

(exposes the client to more radiation)

What examination can distinguish a breast cyst from a solid mass?

A frozen section is usually done with what test?

breast bx

Aspiration

Cells from a lump are drawn into a syringe; usually the cyst will collapse and will need no further tx

needle Bx

a needle with a cutting edge is inserted into a lump and rotated to remove a core sample

excisional Bx

an entire lump is taken out and analyzed

incisional bx

part of a lump is removed as a sample

hysterosalpingogram

uterus, ovaries, and oviducts can be used using a contrast medium
Needed to locate the cause of infertility or tumors

Laparoscopy

direct visualization of the uterus and its accessory organs, including the ovaries and oviducts

How is a laparoscopy performed?

A small incision is made in the umbilicus region and than the abdomen is then distended (insufflated) with CO2

This is used with general or spinal anesthesia

Culdoscopy

direct visualization of the uterus, oviducts, broad ligaments, colon, and small intestine

endoscope is inserted through an incision made behind the cervix and is sent through there.

in the operating room in knee-chest position

Cold Conization

removal of a cone shaped portion of the cervix

What is the culdopscopy useful in dx?

pelvic pain

tubal pregnancy

pelvic masses

Colposcopy

High risk women

lighted and better visualization of the vagina and cervix

Cervical Bx

*punch procedure: punching out a button of tissue for examination

*LEEP-> loop electrosurgical excision procedure: a wire loop and a low level of electricity are used to remove a lesion

Conization (cone bx)

Done in the operating room; a cone shaped piece of tissue is removed from the cervix for examination

cold conization

Dilation and Curettage (D & C)

The cervix is dilated using calibrated rods.A spoon shape instrument (curette) is then passed into the uterus, and the endometrial line is scraped out (curettage)

When is a D & C done if it is being used to dx infertility?

right before the menstrual cycle

endometrial hypoplasia

incomplete development of the uterine lining; D & C

se·ro·san·guin·e·ous

containing or consisting of both blood and serous fluid

pelvic exenteration

entire contents of the pelvis is removed; high mortality rate; urine and feces will have to be drained through ostomies

PID

Pelvic inflammatory disease

What should one inquire about when dealing with the female?

pregnancy hx
Rx hx (including the method of birth control used)
Menstrual hx, including the date of the last cycle
Hx of STDS ans other infections

Visual exam

When should a menstruating woman exam her breasts?

Approx one week following menses

When should a post menopausal woman exam her breasts?

the same date every month

What is the point of douching?

To clean the vaginal canal of excess discharge, supplies heat or medication, and relieves pain and inflammation

How should feminine suppositories be kept?

in the fridge

Amenorrhea

is the absence of or normal stoppage of menses.

ALERT! If an adolescent female has not begun menses by 15 what should be done?

She should be examined as there may be a hormonal or other bad cause as to why she hasn't started yet.

Menorrhagia

excessive bleeding in amount or duration during menstruation

Metrorrhagia

"breakthrough bleeding" bleeding between periods

Dysmenorrhea

painful menstration

PMS Card

Cyclic in nature (7-14 days before the onset)
decreased serotonin may be to blame

Mastalgia

Breast pain

Menopause (climacteric)

Cessation of menstruation usually occurring between the ages of 45-50

Production of estrogen and progesterone has stopped and the ovaries are no longer shooting off eggs

Estrogen replacement therapy that lasts for more than 8 years is associated with what?

higher risk of breast cancer

Women with vaginal atrophy may benefit from using what?

a vaginal dilator before intercourse

Problems with Fistulas

The incision must granulate from the inside out to prevent an abscess.

Closeness of the bowel to the urinary tract makes infection very common

Chronic irritation is a problem and a successful surgery is rare

Cystocele

downward displacement of the bladder toward the vaginal orifice

May be cause by multiple childbirths, the pt will present with pelvic [ain, backache, and a sagging pelvic weight

Rectocele

upward displacement of the retum toward the vaginal orifice.

Most often due to childbirth.

Anterior Colporrhaphy

(Anterior repair) the anterior vaginal wall is repaired and the bladder is returned and secured in its normal position

Posterior Colporrhaphy

Surgical repair of the posterior vaginal wall and the return of the rectum to its normal position; very painful

anteroposterior repair (A & P)

when a woman has had both the anterior and posterior colporrhaphies

Marshall-Marchetti

urethra is supported by sutures through the anterior wall of the vagina on either side of the urethra.

The sutures are then passed through the periosteum of the pubic bone and secured

prolapse first degree

cervix can be seen if the labia is spread without straining

prolapse second degree

cervix protrudes out into the level of the perinium

prolapse third degree

the entire uterus or most of it protrudes out the vagina (PROCIDENTIA)

dyspareunia

pain with intercourse

pessary

ring-shaped device

Abnormal Flexion of the Uterus

anteversion or anteflexion

retroversion or retroflexion

What can a displaced uterus cause?

backache, dysmenorrhea, or sterility

What is vulvitis usually caused by?

Infection

Trichomoniasis

organism that may cause vaginitis that is likely transmitted sexually

Candidiasis

Yeast; fungal

In a pregnant woman, untx trichomoniasis may lead to what?

It may lead to a weak cervix that won't be able to hold the baby in

Woman who are tx a VJ infection should consult their doctor if what happens?

No sign of improvement after 3 days of tx (or worsening)
No relief of sx within 7 days
return in 2 months time

Atrophic (Senile) Vaginitis

Often occurs in post menopausal women because when the vagina atrophies it sucks the mucous dry as well as the hormones along with it.

tx: use lube

Cervictitis

Staph, strep, and Gono

S/S luekorrhea

Antibiotics and cauterization

Endometriosis

the tissue grows everywhere

About this deck

By: brittany abshire
Textbook:

Study Guide to Accompany Textbook of Basic Nursing (Lippincott's Practical Nursing)
Textbook of Basic Nursing
Created: 2011-02-17
Size: 66 flashcards
Views: 18

About StudyBlue

“Simply amazing. The flash cards are smooth, there are many different types of studying tools, and there is a great search engine. I praise you on the awesomeness.”
Dennis