Final Exam- Chapter 16 Nutrition, Public Health, and Environment

Nutritional Sciences 132 with Andersen at University of Wisconsin - Madison

About this deck

By: Whitney Beilke
Textbook: Nutrition - Ecology and Behavior
Created: 2009-04-30
Size: 40 flashcards
Views: 32

About StudyBlue

STUDYBLUE makes things that make you better at school. Things like online flashcards with photos and audio. Things like personalized quizzes and friendly reminders about when (and what) to study next. Think of it as a digital backpack™: access to all of your study materials online and on your phone. STUDYBLUE exists to make studying efficient and effective for every student, for free. Join us.

“I have been getting MUCH better grades on all my tests for school. Flash cards, notes, and quizzes are great on here. Thanks!”
Kathy

Sign up (free) to study this.

what increasing global problem contributes more to heart disease, cancer, diabetes, and stroke?

obesity

climate change is a result of what?

global warming/accumulation of CO2 in the atmosphere

How does accumulation of CO2 cause temperature to rise?

it traps the sun's heat in the atmosphere

how is most CO2 released into earth's atmosphere?

by the combustion of fossil fuels

coal, oil, and other fossil fuels are also referred to as what?

hydrocarbons

carbon footprint

amount of CO2 produced by an activity of person; measure of contribution to global warming

in the 1990's the US made up 6% of the world's population and nused up what % of the world's resources and production?

30%

examples of whole and minimally processed foods?

whole grains, legumes, vegetables, and fruits

what is the single most important thing you can do to reduce your carbon footprint?

buy locally produced food

what is a food co-op?

has the full-selection of grocery stores but they keep local food in stock

best place to access locally grown food?

farmers' markets

Community Supported Agriculture (CSA)

buy a share varying in size in a farmer's production at the beginning of a season, then on a schedule, whatever is grown in season is delivered to the consumer

what % of the fresh vegetables eaten in the US are grown in home gardens?

25%

what makes a better impact on the environment, production methods or shipping distance?

shipping distance matters more

sustainable agriculture

low-input; minimizes chemical fertilizer and pesticide

organic farming

agriculture that completely avoids the use of chemical pesticides and chemical fertilizers

who defines the guidelines of organic agriculture?

US department of agriculture

does organic qualify as sustainable?

yes

are all sustainable agriculture methods organic?

what is the difference between sustainable and organic agriculture?

sustainable only minimizes the use of chemicals and organic elminates it

which is more essential, buying organic or buying local?

buying local!

what elements are especially needed in fertilizers?

nitrogen, potassium, and phosphorus

what percent of the earth's atmosphere is composed of nitrogen?

80%

what two ways can nitrogen be used in fertilizers?

1. from the atmosphere 2. green manuring

how do we obtain nitrogen fertilizer from the atmosphere?

Nitrogen is taken from the atmosphere and fixed into a usable form through industrial processes requiring huge amounts of electricity

Through which method is most nitrogen fertilizer obtained?

through fixation from the atmosphere

green manuring

legumes are returned to the soil; legumes and their bacterial allies pull Nitrogen from the air and incorporate it into their tissues and plowed b ack into the soil

cultivation

removing weeds

integrated pest management (IPM)

use pest control chemicals in minimal amounts and onlyl when needed

Genetically Modified Organisms (GMO's)

don't wait for a mutation to arise; pluck the pest/disease reistant gene out of a different organism and intstall it in the crop plant

why don't many countries allow GMO's?

because they have a potential for allergens to show up in a food where you would least expect it

what two things do animals use most of the food that they eat for?

1. energy production
2. maintaining basal metabolism

in a vegetarian diet, the amount of land, energy, and fertilizer used is howw much less than on a meat-centered diet?

1/3 less

where can you access sustainably produced foods?

farmers' markets, food co-ops, and CSA's

what has lead to the obesity AND climate problem?

food is cheap, and labor has been replaced with cheap energy

two types of support needed by farmers to ensure environment friendly production methods?

1. public policy
2. economic vote

public policy

tax credits, price supports, incentives, and various farm programs

economic vote

purchasing local food to promote environment friendly production methods

reduce CO2 mostly through what?

conservation

reduce CO2 secondarily through doing what?

using renewable resources

About this deck

By: Whitney Beilke
Textbook: Nutrition - Ecology and Behavior
Created: 2009-04-30
Size: 40 flashcards
Views: 32

About StudyBlue

“I have been getting MUCH better grades on all my tests for school. Flash cards, notes, and quizzes are great on here. Thanks!”
Kathy