Final exam preperation

History 347 with Chambers at Rutgers University - New Brunswick/Piscataway

About this deck

By: Aleks Rabinovich
Textbook:

Major Problems in American Military History: Documents and Essays (Major Problems in American History Series)
Created: 2011-12-15
Size: 10 flashcards
Views: 31

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Clauswitz on War aims and Strategy

In every conflict there are points of contention, or aims of war that each combatant strives to achieve through the careful application of his forces. A conflict that is limited in nature has limited aims, it could be defense of a region, or conquest of a region or resources. These aims and the actions taken to ascertain them, according to Clauswitz are based on the political goals and aspirations of each combattant. War, according to clausewitz, is political ends achieved through military means

Strategy, Continued from last slide

The strategy that either belligerent chooses is the way his military powers pursue their aims. The strategies that a side employs are based on many factors and developments, Clauswitz stresses that the accumulation of these small yet numerous factors impede a leaders ability to make decisions, a condition known as the Fog of War.

Total War Strategy

The strategy of Clausewitzian Total War is one that's primary objective is to completely destroy the opponents military capability through any means. Destroying an opponents military capability includes severing supply lines, destroying its economic and military bases and in total rendering it incapable to wage war any further.

Strategy of attrition

The strategy of attrition is one that wears down the enemy militarily and erodes their will to fight. It is often employed when one side has superior fighting power to that of its opponent and is capable of expending more resources than the other side. By constantly forcing the other side to expend vast resources on the battlefield, it puts stresses on the fighting capability of the other side to a point where it can not afford to compete.

Asymmetrical warfare

This strategy is one often used by a weaker opponent on a stronger one. By avoiding direct confrontation of the stronger sides main military force and making sure that any confrontation happens on it's own terms, a power can erode the fighting capability of a much stronger opponent to the point where it tires of fighting. This strategy often includes irregular forces such as militias or partisans to wage guerrilla, or hit and run attacks on an opponents rear, or supply line.

Mutinies in the Continental Army

The nature of the American Revolutionary war was one that pitted the inferior forces of the the rebellious colonies against the superior forces of Britain. American forces were often exposed to harsh conditions, scarcities of proper clothing, munitions, weapons, and shelter. In January of 1781 American forces stationed in Morristown, NJ, who signed up for a three year contract with the Continental Army, believed that their enlistment period was over. They had also been discontented by the...

Mutinees continued

... knowledge that new recruits to the continental army were offered more pay than them. These soldiers mutinied against their officers and marched to Philidelphia to demand their wages and supplies. The civil authorities in Philidelphia granted these soldiers most of their demands and granted them immunity for their actions

Newburgh Conspiracy

In 1783, Continental forces stationed in Newburgh, New York, actively conspired to march on Washington to force congress to fulfill it's promises to pay continental recruits and officers. These officers were promised by the army a lifelong pension of half of the Army's wages, however they were not confident in Congress' ability to fulfill this promise. To resolve the discontent, George Washington went to meet with these soldiers in Newburgh and dilivered an impassioned speech aimed to persuade

Newburgh continued

... the men to have faith in the congress and the new Republic that they had tirelessly fought to win from the British. Washington's appeal worked and the officers came to an agreement in which the troops would be given 5 years of full pay for their services and bonds from the government.

Society of Cincinnati

A historical organization founded in 1783 that was originally founded by officers of the Revolutionary war as an organization committed to pressuring congress to fulfill its promises to the officers who fought in the war. It included not only American officers but officers of sufficient rank from France as well. It continues to exist as an organization that aims to uphold the principles of the Revolution.

About this deck

By: Aleks Rabinovich
Textbook:

Major Problems in American Military History: Documents and Essays (Major Problems in American History Series)
Created: 2011-12-15
Size: 10 flashcards
Views: 31

About StudyBlue

“Simply amazing. The flash cards are smooth, there are many different types of studying tools, and there is a great search engine. I praise you on the awesomeness.”
Dennis