Final Exam Questions

Geology 103 with Deane at University of Tennessee - Knoxville

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By: Victoria Heisse
Created: 2011-05-10
Size: 50 flashcards
Views: 191

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Donora

suffered the worst air pollution disaster in the history of the U.S. deadly smog lasting 5 days

Reduction of air polution levels by 50%

would save an estimated $2 billion per year in health cost.

2 major classes of air pollutants

gases and particulates

90% of particulate matter in the atmosphere comes from

natural sources (volcanoes, dust storms, etc.) 10% by human activity

principal greenhouse gas

carbon dioxde

toxic to animals and humans-replaces oxygen in the hemoglobin in blood

carbon monoxide

smog

most damaging effect of nitrogen dioxide is the role it plays in...

ozone layer

UV radiation from the sun interacts with ordinary oxygen to produce ozone, creating a region rich ozone

ozone layer blocks

harmful UV radiation (UVC,UVB, some UVA) from reaching the surface of the Earth.

Lead

used as gasoline additive. very toxic

cigarette smoke

most hazardous indoor air pollutants

primary culprits of acid rain

sulfur gases

acid rain is worse

in Northeast U.S.

Thermal inversion

layer of relatively warmer air at some distance above ground

smokey mountains

most polluted and has highest ozone levels of any nation park in america

Canada and the U.S.

8% of worlds population, consumes 33% of the world's resources and produces 50% of the world's non-organic garbage

every 5 years

americans generate a mass of waste greater in volume than the statue of liberty

8 trillion pounds

of trash and waste produced in the U.S. each year

53% of all waste

comes from agriculture

leachate

water that infiltrates into the landfill and carries away dissolved chemicals from the refuse

dumping of coal waste blocks

floor of the Atlantic Ocean, 3 miles off Fire Island National Seashore

2 primary types of liquid waste

liquid byproducts of industrial processes and sewage

one billion gallons of oil

is generated each year

handling of toxic liquid wastes can be accomplished by 2 very divergent approaches

dilute-and-disperse

concentrate-and-contain

40 billion gallons of water containing sewage

is generated everyday in the U.S.

90% of the sewage produced world wide per day

is never treated and simply dumped in rivers, lakes, and oceans

radioactive wastes

most dangerous in known universe and can never be destroyed

iodine 131

radioactive. concentrates in human thyroid gland and can cause cancer, birth defects, or death

Salt

low porosity and permeability. high melting point and can withstand considerable heating from radioactive wastes. hundreds, perhaps thousands of suitable sites

at least 2 dozen nations

are making plans for disposing of commercial high-level wastes. so far, none have been cosigned to a permanent disposal site anywhere in the world by any nation

Environmental Economics

The study of scarcity

How we cope with it

By 1990

95% of all redwood trees had been cut down for timber

to be sustainable

growth must preserve the environment. problem = unsustainable vs. sustainable economic growth

1/5 of the human population

lives in abject poverty

improving everyones standard of living to the U.S. level using technology

could increase global reserve demand by 3600%

Borneo

by the 1950's more than half of the island had been strip-timbered.

English common law

made by judges sitting in courts, applying their common sense and knowledge of legal precedent to the facts before them.

2 principle approaches to surface water rights

Riparian Doctrine

Doctrine of Prior Appropriations

1872 mining law

to encourage the exploitation of mineral resources on federal lands by granting full mineral rights and even ownership of the land to anyone who locates a mineral deposit.

EEZ

exclusive economic zone (200 nautical miles)

EIS

environmental impact statement. published whenever a federal agency proposes legislation that can affect the environment.

Ralph Waldo Emerson

led the American Transcendentalism movement

2 opposing approaches that shape American interaction with natural resources

conservationism

preservationism

greenhouse effect

process in which the emission of infrared radiation by atmosphere warms a planet's surface.

amount of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere

increased by 35% since 1850 and 19% since 1960

Fluorocarbons

can affect ozone depletion and temperature

Carteret Atoll

maximum elevation of 1.5 meters (5 feet) above sea level. according to landsat

if all of the ice in Greenland melted

it would lead to a global sea level rise of 7.2 meters (23.6 feet)

European Space Agency 2007

Northwest Passage shrunk to its lowest level in history

Malaria

over half a billion ill

About this deck

By: Victoria Heisse
Created: 2011-05-10
Size: 50 flashcards
Views: 191

About StudyBlue

“Simply amazing. The flash cards are smooth, there are many different types of studying tools, and there is a great search engine. I praise you on the awesomeness.”
Dennis