Final Exam

-Tale, but turns into myth
-Moon is God's gift of generosity

-Manitis is a dualistic God
--> Creation of Moon: must hunt to survive. (God's magnificance)
--> Creation of darkness (God's anger/punishment)

-Negative Past
-he is a false hero: cast boy into pit: takes credit

-Pt 1: fox is the adulthood
-fox is not a helper, he mirrors the younger brother: developing wisdom of the brother
-Pt 2: childhood past

-reveal identity, rite of passage

The initial state of Bata

Bata's later state

Pt 1: Lion as villain, Kills lion: set things right
Pt 2: 8 old men, destroy them and give water: set things right
Pt 3: God as villain, Cow-Child becomes God, set things right

+ side- taking cattle
- side - killing the man with the red hair's family

represents the energy of the youth as he moves through his puberty rite of passage

death of the uncle's childhood past

trade something with your enemies and they give you something better

fantasy character, kills everyone, negative childhood side

positive side of Sikhuluma, brings him back to life

not a helper! developing wisdom of Sikhuluma

-negative side of Sikhuluma

movement into adulthood

magical helper; testing the old generation, orchestrates the girl's ordeal

fantasy mirrors reality
sons as doves = girls childhood past
sons as men = girl's adulthood

1. Grotesqueness-moral, physical: enormous, big head
2. Nature-Usilosimaphunda, thunder and lightning and UW herself

Mantis creates darkness- punishment
Mantis creates the moon- need for hunting, magnificance

Two sides of Ma'aruf's transformation:
Dunya: positive side
Fatima: negative side

grows out of the pattern of truth

jinni makes fantasy reality

-2 puberty rituals, helping someone else go thru their puberty ritual, once you have completed yours. Atafa helps Yarima

Yarima: thrown into well, life in the well, Atafa cleans him
Atafa: when she is huge, Yarima, when she vomits one last time producing home

Yarima's childhood past, moves him into seperation stage

Anku's wife: + moves him into seperation, - accuses him of rape
Bata's wife: + swalloing monster, means of transfomation, - wants to kill him

Fatima is to Dunya

The father in "Twakane and Her Father"

Yarima becomes a man

the fox and the older brother

move into a new sense of who they are

stand for tradition

a girl who is excited about the future. african girl participating in activities traditionally the province of men: she is going to school, attending strike meetings, doing things that girls and women have never done before. She is the new Africa, the future. Major events: struggle with Niakoro, the visits to strike meetings

an old mand who seeks a balance between tradtion and change

a brash young revolutionary

an old woman, a traditionalist

Bakayoko's wife

a "scab": he crosses the picket line during the strike

A leader of the strike, model for change: he wants to take selevtively, from the African tradition and European technology, and create the new Africa. The change that Bakayoko represents is seen in: Ad'jibid'ji, Maiimouna, Ramatoulaye, Penda, N'Deye Touti

a presumed prostitute, becomes active in the strike

a blind market woman, sings the roles of women in history. mother or twins. she is already an independent woman as the novel opens, and she sings songs of the great women of the African past who successfully contended with and measured themselves against men. She turns her back on Samba N'Doulougou when, at long last, he acknowleges his paternity of his twins. Major events: deat of one of her twins, she turns her back on Samba, her songs, friendship with Penda, she nurses the child, Strike.

works for the railroad, a gossip, father of Maimouna's twins

a white French colonial, head of the railroad, opposes the strike

white Frech colonials, opposed to Africans taking control

an old retired African, lives on the railroad grounds

lone of the leaders of the strike

another of the strike leaders

a white French colonial, supports the whites

the soul of the strike, rallies African workers to support the strike

a housewife who becomes a revolutionary

is in love with N'Deye Touti, opposes the strike

a young African woman, intially opposes the strike. intially enamored of French fashions, attempting to become a black Frenchwoman. BUT she changes. She moves from the first stage of negritude, in which she cuts herself off from her African past, to the second stage, acceptance of her African roots. She begins to change when she hears the white men referring to Africans as "savages" and to her in sexist ways. And Bakayoko further contributes to her transformation, when he tells her that there are many other ways to prostitute oneself, that Penda, a supposed prostitute, was in face a better person than N'Deye Touti. Then she begins to involve herself actively in the strike. Major events: her love of Beaugosse and Bakayoko, her disdaining of the strike, overhearing of whites, her change of

the Brother or Ramatoylaye, mayor of the African town, opposes the strike