Final Exam

PAGE PAGE 3 Variations in Sexual Behavior (Atypical Sexual Behavior) CH 13 Sexual Variation = Atypical Sexual Behavior: What Does it Mean? Majority of people do not engage in the sexual behavior Paraphilia: mental disorder of intense sexual arousing fantasies, sexual urges, or sexual behaviors lasting at least 6 months and involving nonhuman objects suffering or humiliation of oneself or one?s partner children or other nonconcenting adults primary source of sexual gratification. Majority are males Few females? viewed as nurturing view experience with females as more positive College students ? equal for both males and females 1st - dirty talk 2nd ? spanked 3rd - bondage Labels & Stigma Labels: Identity placed on different-ness Stigma: Negative branding, Prejudice words/phrases that brands a person as undesirable or discredit his/her ways Continuum of Behavior: how define ?normal? sexual behavior? (mild to full-blown) not based on love or affection occur in clusters maybe compulsive variations over time & culture dependency is a preference dependency is distressful to self dependency is distressful to others Two Types Coercive ? forcing someone to do a sexual act they don?t want to do Trauma to another Violates normal boundaries Inflicts pain (emotional, social, etc.) Degrades and devalues another Involves power to exert control Non-Coercive Willing participation consensual Coercive Exhibitionism: exposing his genitals to an involuntary observer (women/children) over half are married, ?nice but kind of shy? want to shock, calmly ignore Obscene Phone Calls: have strong feelings of inadequacy and insecurity Voyeurism ?peeper?: peer in bedroom windows, stand outside bathrooms to peak, drill hole in dressing rooms some risk of being caught young males in 20s, feelings of inferiority Pedophilia: (adult/child), majority are heterosexual men who are not strangers to the child nonrelative child sexual abuse often moralistic or religious Rape: any unwanted sexual behavior Autoerotic asphyxia - heightened sexual arousal and release before orgasm Incest: relative child sexual abuse Zoophilia: sexual intercourse with animals Necrophilia (corpse): intercourse with dead person Sadism (another): motivated by dominance & submission Masochism (self): aroused by being spanked, whipped, or humiliated, love bites, symbolic Sadomasochism ? domination and submission (D/S) Bondage and discipline (B& D) ? spanking/whipping dominatrix ? female slave - male bondage ? tied up, fairly common practice Non-coercive Narratophilia ? listen to erotic narratives to achieve sexual arousal Fetishism: inanimate object or particular part of body (high heeled shoes, lingerie, stockings) paring of object with sexual arousal Partialism exclusive attraction to body parts Transvestism: cross dresser for sexual titillation Transvestic fetishism ? psychological disorder transsexual: cross dresser to make appearance more consistent with identity Klismaphilia: arousal through enemas Coprophilia: arousal through feces Urophilia: arousal through urine Frotteurism: pressing/rubbing in crowds Etiology of Atypical Behavior Early crossing of sexual boundaries (incest, rape) Poor parental modeling (values) Low self-esteem Poor interpersonal skills (low confidence) Ignorance about appropriate behavior (poor understanding of human sexuality Male: Arousal Development ? predominately male, deviation of male sexual arousal Available treatments? immense pleasure (hard to give up), lack of control ? 1st step to convince control ? EXTREMELY DIFFICULT TO TREAT! Aversion Therapy: negative conditioning ? shock, nausea-inducing drug Desensitization: neutralizing of arousal by gradual exposure (hierarchy) can?t be relaxed and anxious at same time trained to relax will overcome anxiety Social Skills Training: teach skills to initiate and maintain satisfying relationships how to cope with rejection ask someone out on date Orgasmic Reconditioning: reframe masturbation activity with appropriate behavior (masturbates to children, then before orgasm, change to adults) satiation therapy ? masturbate to appropriate and have orgasm, then switch to paraphilic fantasy and continue to masturbate Drugs: Anti-androgens ? lowers levels of testosterone Depo-Provera Anti-androgens Excessive sexual behaviors Nymphomania ? uncontrollable sexual behavior in women Satyriasis ? uncontrollable sexual behavior in men Sexual Addiction- 4 stages preoccupation ? obsessive thoughts ritualistic behaviors ? sexual act despair ? feelings of worthlessness, depression