Final: Personality

Psychology 1 with Cardilla at University of California - Santa Cruz

About this deck

By: Thao Dinh
Created: 2011-06-09
Size: 31 flashcards
Views: 6

About StudyBlue

STUDYBLUE makes things that make you better at school. Things like online flashcards with photos and audio. Things like personalized quizzes and friendly reminders about when (and what) to study next. Think of it as a digital backpack™: access to all of your study materials online and on your phone. STUDYBLUE exists to make studying efficient and effective for every student, for free. Join us.

“I have used this website for three exams, and I see a huge difference in my test results.”
Naj

Sign up (free) to study this.

Personality Trait

-consistent patterns int he way people think, feel and behave

- take form of adj. that "describes"

3 assumptions of "Trait" theorists

1) personality traits manifests in observable behaviors( ex: adventurous = skydives)

2) traits are hierarchical: "superordinate" personality traits ( lower order personality

3)traits are relatively stable across time and contexts

Lexical approach

- Allport and Odbert (1936) went through dictionary and identified LOTs of traits

-original trait theory

Statisical approach

P-E-N model

- (factor analysis)

-Eysenck ( 1947, 1970)

5-factor model

Fiske (1949)

-first person to develop five factor model of personality

Openness ( big 5)

*receptiveness to new experiences : tolerance for exploration and unfamiliar

-low= conentional, uncreative, uncurious, unanalyticall

-high = not traditional, broad interests, daring, curious, imaginative

Conscientiousness ( big 5)

* organization, persistence, motivation in goal

-low= aimless, unreliable, lazy, careless, negligent

-high= organized, reliable, hard-working, self-disciplined, punctual

Extraversion (big 5)

*intensity/quantity of interpersonal interaction; activity level; need for stimulation; capacity for joy

-low= reserved, sober, aloof, task-oriented

-high= sociable, active, talkative, person-oriented, optimistic

Agreeableness(big 5)

* one's interpersonal relationships along continuum from compassion to antagonism

-low= cynical, suspicious, uncooperative, manipulative, vengeful

-high= trusting, sympathetic, cooperative, lenient, forgiving

Neuroticism (big5)

*proneness to psychological distress

-low= calm, relaxed, secure, not emotionally labile ( even tempered)

-high= worried, nervous, insecure, emotional

Advantages of Trait Theory

-easy to assess

-efficient

-comparative

-non-conditional

Disadvantages of Trait Theory

-too superficial

-too deterministic ( born with traits and and forever shape env to match them)

-too reductionist ( 5...really)

-de-contextualized

Primary problem ( classifying people)

PEOPLE are inconsistent

Efficacy Expectations ( Bandura)

-belief that one can accomplish something successfully

-implication: one's interpretation of reality matters more than reality itself (ex: attractiveness

- our beliefs about our own capabilities affect our persistence- "just do it!"

(ex: leg strength and endurance (weinberg, Gould, & jackman, 1979)

Reciprocal determinism

-personality develops through the interaction between individuals and their environments

-environment <-> individual

Reciprocal determinism (pt 2)

1) you choose the environments that influence you ( chose to attend ucsc, ucsc shaped behavior)

2) you shape your environment ( ask question in class, class switch topic)

3) causes of what you do originate in interaction between self and env

Behavioral Signatures ( Mischel)

- If-then contingencies

-sensitive to how people change their behavior across situations

-individuals express traits in different ways n different situations

-ex: if_____ then john in agressive. If______ then john is gentle and cooperative.

"real" self

identity

-who am i?

ideal self

who i'd like to be

cause of low self esteem

occur when there is large discrepancy btwn real self and ideal self

unconditional positive regard

-need in order to self-actualize,

- acceptance and love that one receives from another is unqualified

what are conditions of worth?

-acceptance and love from another is contingent upon your behavior

ID* structure of personality ( Freud)

-primitive and unconscious

-strives to satisfy basic drives to survive, reproduce and agress

-something we are born with

-primary process thinking

Ego (freud)

- primarily conscious

-redirects id instincts into acceptable or less problematic outlets

-develops within first 2-3 years of life

superego (freud)

-internalized societal values, morals and ideals

-"conscience" makes us feel guilt, shame,... when we do something wrong, pride when we do something right

-age 5

self defense mechanism

-efforts to defend oneself from anxiety

-deployed by unconscious part of the ego

Denial ( 5 defense mechs)

refuse to acknowledge source of anxiety

ex: it can't happen to me, substance abuse

repression ( 5 defense mechs)

-banishing past form present awareness

-more complex and longer lasting than denial

reaction formation (5 defense)

converting unacceptable or forbidden feelings into the opposite

(unconcious homosexual impluses and homophobia

projection(5 defense)

seeing in others traits and desires we find upsetting in ourselves ( homosexuality, infidelity, intelligence

sublimation ( 5 defense)

forbidden impulses converted into socially acceptable beavior

( occupation choice)

About this deck

By: Thao Dinh
Created: 2011-06-09
Size: 31 flashcards
Views: 6

About StudyBlue

“I have used this website for three exams, and I see a huge difference in my test results.”
Naj