Final - The Internet

Information Systems 398 with Kaefer at Loyola University Chicago

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By: Holly Dresen
Created: 2011-04-18
Size: 29 flashcards
Views: 4

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Internet's Hierarchical Structure

-National Internet Service Providers

-Regional Internet Service Providers
-Local Internet Service Providers

Internet Service providers = ISPs

National Internet Service Providers

provides services to their customers and sell access to regional ISPs and local ISPs

Regional Internet Service Providers

-Connects with National ISP

-Provides services to their customers and sells access to local ISPs

Local Internet Service Providers

-connected to national or regional ISPs

-Sell access to individuals

Internet Access Points

-Network Access Points (NAP)

-Metropolitan Area Exchanges (MAE)

Network Access Points

-Connect National ISP together, sometimes large regionals and local use NAPS

-there is about a dozen in the USA and they are run by common carriers like Sprint and At&t

Metropolitan Area Exchanges

-connect regional ISPs

-about 50 in the USA

Packet Exchange Charges

-Peering: ISP at the same level usually dont charge for message exchange

-Higher Level ISP charge lower level for exchange

-Local ISP charge individual and corporate users for access

Connecting to an ISP

-Done by ISP's point of presence: place where ISP provides service to its customers

-Individual Users: typically through dial-up

-Corporate User: uses point of presence connection by a common carrier

Internet Backbones

-Backbone circuits for national ISPs

-Aggregate Internet Traffic is growing rapidly so NAPs and MAEs are becoming bottlenecks and requiring larger swtiches

Internet Access Technologies

-Most common: dial up or T1 and T3

New Access Technologies

- Commonly called broadband access

-DSL: digital subscriber line

-cable modem

-fixed and mobile wireless

Digital Subscriber Line (DSL)

-uses existing local loop but places different equipment on the customer premises and in telephone company end office

-Most common is Asymmetric DSL

Types of DSL

-Asymmetric: size of digital channels, depends on distance, most common T1

-Very high data rate DSL: designed for local loops of 4500 ft or less, distance sensitive

Cable Modem

-offered by cable television companies, an alternative to DSL, uses shared multipoint curcuits

-dominant standard is data over cable service interface specification

-Hybrid Fiber Coax networks use fiber optics in backbone of cable networks

Fixed Wireless

-Requires "line of sight" access between transmitter

tall buildings and towers

-Common Use-provide Internet access to multi-tenant buildings

Types of Fixed Wireless

- Point-to-point:only connects two locations

-Multi Point: allow access by a limited number of stations and designed as an alternative to DSL and cable Modem

Mobile Wireless

-Allows users to access the Internet from any location

-Next major challenge is wide spread mobile high speed Internet Access

Current Mobile Wireless Technologies

- speeds compared to DSL and cable modem

-WLAN high speed but limited range and location

-Wireless Application Protocol (WAP)

Wireless Application Protocol

streamlines HTTP and HTML for use in the very limited low speed and small screens of mobile devices

Future Wireless Access Technologies

-Passive Optical Networking (PON) - fiber to the home

-Ethernet to the Home

Internet Governance

- no one operates the Internet

-ISOC internet society's mission is open development evolution and use of the Internet for the benefit of the people of the world they work in public policy, education and standards

ISOC Standard Bodies

-Internet Engineering Task Force

-Internet Engineering Steering Group

-Internet Architecture Board

-Internet Research Task Force

Internet Engineering Task Force

concerned with the evolution of Internet architecture and smooth operations

Internet Engineering Steering Group

responsible for management of the standard process and establishes and administers rules in creating standards

Internet Architecture Board

provides strategic architectural oversight, guidance

Internet Research Task Force

focus on long-term specific issues

Internet 2

-Each of all three networks have a set of access points called gigapops

Provides access at much higher speeds than traditional NAPs

Most are working on new ways to provide QoS and multicasting

Features of Future Internet

Gigapops - higher speeds than NAPS

QoS

Multicasting

New applications - videoconferencing

About this deck

By: Holly Dresen
Created: 2011-04-18
Size: 29 flashcards
Views: 4

About StudyBlue

“I have been getting MUCH better grades on all my tests for school. Flash cards, notes, and quizzes are great on here. Thanks!”
Kathy