final

-upright men found in Africa

-modern man share features which are different then at that of homo erectus

(Lucy)- creationists and some evolutionist consider it an extinct ape

-only 40% of Lucy’s bones were found

locking a staggering number of mutations in a relatively small number of generations (due to neutral of random genetic drift)

1. Substitutions

2. Extra or missing DNA (junk DNA)

1. Humans have 23 pairs of chromosomes/ chimpanzees have 24 pairs

2. Telomeres (string of repeating DNA sequences) Humans 10/ Chimps 23

3. Genes and markers on these chromosomes are not in the same order in the human and chimpanzee

4. Differences in protein expression

5. Humans have 689 genes that chimps lack; Chimps have 86 genes that humans lack

pseudo genes and endogenous – both humans and chimps have this

1. Limb and finger proportions are different

2. Chimp rib cage is in the shape of a C, human’s in the shape of a an S

3. Human legs are angled inward

4. Chimps have very long and robust jaws

5. Chimps lack a nasal bone

6. Foramen magnum (hole at the base of the skull) is located on back of skull (chimps)/located under skull (human)

the recognition of the complexity and purpose observed in creation implies a Creator

Natural Theology / argued for the existence of God based on what is observed in life

the belief in a distant, uninvolved creator who made the world but then simply left it to run itself

attributing everything that they cannot comprehend to God “did this”

• Darwin on Trial
  
• considered the father of the intelligent design movement
  
• rejects evolution in favor of neocreationist views known as intelligent design.
  

• Darwin’s Black Box (mouse trap)
  
• intelligent design advocate
  
• best known for his argument for irreducible complexity

molecular examples like bacterial flagellum and the blood clotting cascade

• Behe
• single system composed of several well-matched parts that contribute to the basic function where removal of any part ceases function
  
• compared this to mouse trap, flagellum and blood clotting cascade
  

• opposed ID and creation
• Finding Darwin’s God
• defended his augment with co-option

• used Type Three Secretory System as evolution into flagellum

evolution takes advantage of a system that was used for one thing and turns it into something else

• Italian physician
• cover a jar or meat
• believed that God ceased his creative activity after the first week and life came from the plants and seeds of creatures

• heated broth in an S shape flask
  
• all life came from life, spontaneous generation can’t compete with his experiment
  

• Russian Chemist
• speculated on how chemicals came to be the first living cell
  
• believed in 3 options

1. Living things were made by a Creator

2. Life came to Earth from outer space

3. Abiogenesis- life from non-life

• process of how life is supposed to arise through the coming together of molecules coupled with natural selection
• believe that natural law and process can account for the origin of life without the invention of a Creator
• both spontaneous genesis and abiogenesis have life coming from non-life but abio. Is not spontaneous
  

1. Organized- living things are organized

2. Made of Cells- all living things are made up of 1 or more cell

3. Obtain and use energy- must be supplied with energy to support itself

4. Metabolism- needed to obtain and use energy

5. Response to Environment- deviations are detected and the organism reacts to counterbalance the change

6. Change or Growth- all things undergo maturation

7. Reproduction- all are produced by living things

1. Metabolism- ability to obtain and use energy

2. Boundary- used to separate self from no-self

3. Hereditary material- to pass on information

4. Controlled reproduction- not just splitting but a regulate process to allow life to continue

heated ammonium cyanate and discovered that it made urea

produced by living things is the primary component of urine

• Oxygen
  

• would prevent the amino acids from forming at all

1. Meteorites

2. thermal vents in the depths of the ocean

• shown to have traces of amino acids
• would require a billion years’ worth of meteor bombardment to provide the organic material necessary for life
  

• Sydney Fox
  

• polypeptides of random sequence that can form from heating dry amino acids

because it lacks the mechanism for sequence specificity

DNA is concerted into a corresponding polymer of RNA nucleotides

1. mRNA: messenger RNA

2. tRNA: transfer RNA

3. rRNA: ribosomal RNA

• Francis Crick
  
• idea that life came from outer space
  

• The Cube and the Cathedral
  

• linked rise of secularization to the demographic decline

1. Expose the worldview conflicts

2. Show the assumptions

3. Stay informed

4. Don’t let the science intimidate you

5. Use gentleness and respect

6. Understand the problem of evil

7. Trust the word

• Miller
  
• Type Three Secretory System