FINAL

Physical Therapy 3250 with Bridges at University of Missouri- Columbia

About this deck

By: Hiliary Nichols
Created: 2010-12-07
Size: 53 flashcards
Views: 6

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Unit 1
Planes: Saggital

Divides R & L
Axis : Medial Lateral

Unit 1
Planes: Transverse

Divides top & bottom
Axis: Superior Inferior

Unit 1
Planes: Frontal

Divides front & back
Axis: anterior & posterior

Unit 1
Open Pack position

Ligaments and capsule are slack
minimal joint surface contact
Position allows the necessary accessory motion of spin, roll, glide

Unit 1
Close Pack position

Max tightness of ligaments and capsule
max stability of joint: limits arthrokinematic motions
Occurs at one extreme motion
Mechanically stable, less need for muscle to maintain position

Unit 1
Degrees of Freedom: first

uni-axial joints with movement in only one plane
-humeroulnar joint, radioulnar joint

Unit 1
Degrees of Freedom: second

bi-axial joints with movement in two planes (each plane has only one axis)
-radiocarpal, metacarpophalangeal

Unit 1
Degrees of Freedom: third

tri-axial joints with movement in all 3 cardinal planes (each plane has only one axis though0)
-acetabluofemoral joint, glenohumeral

Unit 1
Kinematic chain

combination of several joints ans successive body segments moving collectively

Unit 1
Open kinematic chain

distal segment of the chain MOVES in space while the PROXIMAL segment is fixed.
-flexing elbow or knee

Unit 1
Closed Kinematic chain

Distal segment of the chain is FIXED while the PROXIMAL segment moves
-squats: feet fixed, rest of body moves
-Kicking: fixed leg

Unit 1
Bone Types

Long bone
Short bone
Flat bone
Irregular bone
Sesamoid bone

Unit 1
Line of Pull

Straight line between the centers o the muscle's proximal and distal attachments
Changes depending on the relationship of the bone to which a muscle attaches
Can shift from one side of the joints axis of rotation to the other during movement

Unit 1
Eccentric

controlled lengthening of a muscle during contracting
muscle resist the application of external force but loses to the External force

Unit 1
Isometric

muscle produces force tension but there is no change in fiber lenght

Unit 1
Antagonist

muscle/muscle group directly responsible for initiating and excuting a particular movement
located on the opposite side of the joint from the agnoist

Unit 1
Synergist

muscles that cooperate during the execution of a particular movement
contracts at the same time as the agonist

Unit 1
Co-Contraction

simultaneous contraction of agonists and antagonists
simultaneous contraction of synerists and agonist/mover

Unit 1
Active Insufficiency

weak contractile force of the muscle when its attachments are close together and the muscle is unable to generate more contraction

Unit 1
Passive insufficiency

when an antagonist muscle becomes elongated over 2 ore more joints simultaneously, they may not allow further motion by the agonist

Unit 2
Types of Force : External

forces that act on the body from the outside: Gravity

Unit 2
Types of Force: Internal

act on the body from the inside--> important b/c we can't rely on external forces to generate motion
Muscle Contraction

Unit 2
Force: Vector

has both magnitude and direction

Unit 2
Composition force

the resultant effect of several forces
total muscle forces is the resultant of all muscle fibers pulling together

Unit 2
Resolution of forces

to separate a composition of forces into several component forces
Translatory vs rotary

Unit 2
Linear (translatory motion)

force causes linear motion

Unit 2
Angular (rotary motion)

an object rotating around an axis/center of rotation
all points on the object move
-at the same angle, time
-at a constant distance from the axis
-at the same angular velocity

Unit 2
Moment Arm "lever"

the perpendicular distance from the line of action of the force to the axis of motion (represents potential motion)

Unit 2
Perpendicular distance

used in the calculation of Torque (rotary motion)

Unit 2
First Law : Interita

a body remains at rest or in motion unless acted on by an external force

Unit 2
Second Law : law of acceleration

dynamics : study of unbalanced forces applied to objects
an unbalanced force is applied to an object, the object is taken out of equilibrium and the result is acceleration

Unit 2
Formula for 2nd law

Force = mass X acceleration

Unit 2
Third law: law of reaction

when one object applies a force to a second object, the second object simultaneously applies force equal and opposite in direction to the first

Unit 4
Muscle Movements: Spine & Trunk
Flexion

Scalenes (anterior, posterior, medius) Bilateral
Rectus Abdominal

Unit 4
Muscle Movements: Spine & Trunk
Extension

Erector Spinae (bilateral)
Sternocleidosmastoid (Bilateral)

Unit 4
Muscle Movements; Spine & Trunk
Lateral Flexion

ALL UNILATERAL
erector spinae
sternocleidomastoid
scalenes
Quadratus lumborum
external abdominal oblique
Inernal abdominal oblique

Unit 4
Muscle Movements: Spine & Trunk
Rotation

Sternocleidomastoid (unilateral roatation to opposite side)
Sclaenes (Unilateral to same side)
external ( unilateral to opposite side)/internal (unilateral same side) oblique

Unit 4
Muscle Movements: Acetabulo-Femoral (HIP)
Flex

Illicaus
Psoas Major
Rectus Femoris

(Strong hip flexor when knee is flexed. If the knee is fully extended and the hip flexes past neutral, the muscle becomes actively insufficient to cause hip flexion)

Pectineus
Tensor Fascia latae

Unit 4
Muscle Movements: Acetabulo-Femoral
Extension

Gluteus Maximus
Biceps Femoris (long head)
Sememembranosus
Semitendinosus (ALL 3 strong hip extensor when knee is extended, as knee is flexed and the hip extends past neutral, the uscle becoems actively insufficient to cause hip extention)

Unit 4
Muscle Movements: Acetabulo-Femoral
aBduction

Gluteus Medius
Glueteus Minimus

Unit 4
Muscle Movements: Acetabulo-Femoral
aDduction

Pectineus
Gracilis
Adductor Magnus, Longus, Brevis

Unit 4
Muscle Movement: Acetabulo-Femoral
Medial Roatation

Tensor Fascia latae
Gluteus minimus

Unit 4
Muscle Movement: Acetabulo-Femoral
Lateral Roation

Gluteus maximus
6 Lateral Roatators:
-Piriformis
-Inferior/Superior Gemellus,
-Obturator Internus/Externus
-Qudratus femoris

Unit 4
Muscle Movment: Tibio-Femoral
Flexion

Hamstrings: Semimembranosus, Semitendinosus, Biceps Femoris

Unit 4
Muscle Movement: Tibio-femoral
Extension

Quadriceps: Rectus Femoris, Vastus Lateralis, Vastus Intermedius, Vastus medialis

Unit 4
Muscle Movement: Tibio-femoral
Medial Roataion

Semimembranosus
Semitendinosis
Popliteus (unlocks knee from terminal knee extension to initiae kenn flexion in open chain)

Unit 4
Muscle Movement: Tiobio-femoral
Lateral Rotation

Biceps Femoris

Unit 4
Muscle Movement: Ankle (talocrucal)
Dorsal flexion

Anterior Tibialis
Peroneus Tertius

Unit 4
Muscle Movement: Ankle (talocrucal)
Plantar flexion

Gastroenemius
Soleus

Unit 4
Muscle Movement: foot (subtalar, trans tarsal)
Inversion

Anterior Tibialis
Tibialis Posterior

Unit 4
Muscle Movement: Foot (subtalar, trans tarsal)
Eversion

Peroneus tertius
Peroneus Longus
Peroneus Brevis

Unit 4
Muscle Movement: Toes (MTP, IP)
Flexion

flex. digitorium longus
flex hallucis longus

Unit 4
Muscle MOvement: Toes (MTP, IP)
Extension

Ext digitorium longus
Ext. hallucis longus

About this deck

By: Hiliary Nichols
Created: 2010-12-07
Size: 53 flashcards
Views: 6

About StudyBlue

“I have been getting MUCH better grades on all my tests for school. Flash cards, notes, and quizzes are great on here. Thanks!”
Kathy