FINAL

places where those who are in need of high care go to return to AID or KISS

intervention given to populations who have a disorder with the intention of limiting the disability caused by the disorder, reducing its intensity and  duration, and thereby prevention future reoccurrance or additional complications

intervention given to populations showing early signs of a disorder or difficulty

intervention given to entire populations when they are not in condition of known need or distress

interventions good for everyone in a given population, administered to population not in distress
similar to primary prevention

good for people slightly at risk for disorders.
symptoms are associated with disorder, but not complete signs of the disorder

applied to individuals who are at high risk for a disorder
show symptoms of disorder

Incidence of behavioral and emotional disorder in individuals =
Stress(1)+Physical Vulnerability (2)
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Coping skills (3) +Social Support (4) + Self Esteem (5)

Incidence of behavioral and emotional disorder in settings =
Stressors(1)+ Environmental Risk Factors (2)
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Positive Socialization Practices (3) + Social Support Resources(4) + Opportunities for positive relatedness (5)

• Consciousness Raising
• Social Action
• Community Development
• Community Coalitions
• Organizational Consultation
• Alternative Settings
• Policy Research and Advocacy

top-down approach
may obtain useful external resources

bottom-up approach
uses community resources

1.Target more than 1 area of action
2.Local design of initiatives
3.External linkages & resources
4. Plausible theory of community change
5. Effective intensity
6. Strengthening sense of community
7. Long term perspective

• Longitudinal Randomized Control Study (1962)
• Public preschool provided to 123 children ages 3-5
• Participants and control group followed to age 40

The organization, presented in Ounce of Prevention, focused on providing education and family support services to predominantly Hispanic families in low-income, at-risk communities

may not recognize or consent to this state of affairs yet they are granted the privileges anyway

denied access to much power and many resources without their consent

ideologies and myths that convince members of subordinate groups that they are actually inferior

The offsetting of power with organized money with the power of organized people.

Strengthening relationships among community members to define community problems, resources and strategies for action.

o    Bring together a broad representation od citizens and community organizations within a locality to address a specific community problem

o    An outgrowth of community development approach

Working with workplaces (for profit or nonprofit), to make changes in the organizations policies, structures or practices.

Creating settings to counteract dissatisfaction with existing settings

o    Conducting research and seeking influence pubic decisions, policies or laws

o    Persuasion of government officials, private sector leaders, journalists, etc.

• avance
• social development project
• Michigan Jobs Project
• Austin Groups for the Elderly

that looks at the development of positive and problem behaviors among adolescents and young adults

yielded both preventive impacts on mental health and favorable cost-benefit results. Furthermore, people disadvantaged in the job market because they had less formal education or were women and those at highest psychological risk were helped most

provides support to orgainizations and the elderly

a sense of one's unique identity and a strong clear boundry between oneself and others

more open boundry with self identity and others.
identity is defined in terms of relations with others

embody independent self

embody interdependent self

1. there is a variation along this spectrum even within a culture
2. all cultures change over time and world cultures are becoming more interdependent, differences less clear cut
3. it is only one spectrum along which cultures differ
4. it is easy to over simplify another culture by viewing it only in contrast to one's own
5. useful only for describing broad themes of cultures
6. it is impossible to understand communities solely in cultural terms

can have multiple ecological levels

Aim is second-order change, dismantles the oppressive systems and its inequalities

• A clearly identified competence
• creating and Eco-identity
• tolerance for diversity
• coping effectively with effective resources
• a commitment to risk taking
• a metabolic balance of patience and zeal
• giving away the byline

• focus on changing patterns of interactions among members of small groups in settings
• Family, school and workplace based

involves changing the informal environment or formal policies of an organization, locality or society

• values and languages
• dynamic, changing systems
• contextual processes (time, culture and power)

• focus on how social identities develop, usually in late adolescence and adulthood
• assume a sequence of stages

refers to changes in individuals related to the contact between two (or more) cultures that the person experiences

• involves strong individual and cultural identity
• need knowledge of both cultures
• positive attitude of both cultures

involves observable aspects of a program

involves core beliefs, values and practices

• describe three types of settings through which all societies prepare their young citizens for adult life
• KISS, AID, ICE

means that children born into a society have the right to conditions that will allow them to grow in a healthy manner, if not also to thrive

psychosocial protective factors among youth, family, school and communities that have been found in research to promote healthy child and youth development