graphic design terms
Art 105 with Gaskill at Oral Roberts University
About this deck
By: Matt McAdow
Created: 2011-09-26
Size: 56 flashcards
Views: 4
Created: 2011-09-26
Size: 56 flashcards
Views: 4
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Allignment
The positioning of text within teh page margins. Alignment can be flush left, flush right, justifed, or centered. Flush left and flush right are sometimes referred to as left justified and right justified.
Ascender
teh part of lowercase letters (such as k,b, and d) that ascends above the x-height of the other lowercase letters in a face
baseline
the imaginary line on which the majority of the characters in a typeface rest
Boldface
a typeface that has been enhanced by rendering it in darker, thicker strokes so that it will stand out of the page. Headlines that need emphasis should be bholdface. Italics are preferable for emphasis in body text
cap height
The height from the baseline to the top of the uppercase letters in a font. This may or may not be the same as the height of ascenders. Cap height is used in some systems to measure the type size.
centered
text placed at an equal distance from the left and right margins. Headliens are often centered. It is generally not good to mix centered text with flush left of flush right text.
condensed
A narrow version of a font, used to get a maximum number of glyphs into a give space
contrast
A subjective feeling that graphic elements (such as fonts) are different but work together well. This gives a feeling of variety without losing harmony. Within a particular font, contrast also refers to the variety of stroke thicknesses that make up the characters. Helvetica has low contrast and Bodoni has high contrast.
descender
the part of lowercase ltters(such as y,p,and q) that descends below the baseline of the other lowercase letters in a font face. In some typefacs, the uppercase J and Q also descend below the baseline.
dingbats
Typefaces that consist of symbol characters such as decorations, arrows and bullets.
em
a common unit unit of m easurement in typography. Em is tradionally defined as the width of the uppercase M in the current face and point size. It is more properly defined as simply the current point size. For example, in 12-point type, em is a distance of 12 points.
font
one weight, width, and style of a typeface. Before scalable type, there was little distinction between the terms font, face, and family. Font and face still tend to be used interchangeably, altoouogh the term face is usually more correct.
Italic
A slanting or script-like version of a face. The upright faces are often referred to as roman
justified
a block of text that has been spaced so that the text alligns on both the left and right margins. Justified text has a more formal appearance, but may be harder to read.
kerning
The adjustment of horizontal space between individual characters in a line of text.
leading
the amount of space added between lines of text to make the document legible.
letterspacing
adjusting the average distance between letters in a block of text to fit more of less text into the given space or to improve legibility.
ligature
two or more letters tied together into a single letter. In some typefaces, character combinations such as fi and fl overlap
pica
a unit of measure that is approximately 1/6th of an inch. A pica is equal to 12 points
point
A unit of measure in typography. There are appoximately 72 points to the inch. A pica is 12 points
roman
commonly refers to the upright version of a face within a font family, as compared to the italic version.
san serif
a type face that does not have serifs(small decorative strokes that are added to the end of a letters main stroke). Generally a lowcontrast design
typeface
the letters, numbers, and symbols that make up a design of type.
type family
the collection of faces that were desgined together and intended to be used together
width
one of the possible variations of a typeface within a tpe family, such as condensed or extended.
stroke
any line that defines the basic letterform
appex/vertex
the point created by join two diagonal stems (apex above, vertex below)
arm
short strokes off the stem of the letterform, either horizontal(E,F,T) or inclined upward(K,y)
median
the imaginary line defining the x-height of letterforms
barb
the half-serif finish on some curved strokes.
x-height
the height in any typeface of the lowercase 'x'
beak
the half-serif finish on some horizontal arms.
bowl
the rounded form that describes a counter. The bowl may be either open or closed.
bracket
the transition between the serif and the stem.
counter
the negative space within a letterform, either fully or partially enclosed.
cross bar
the horizontal stroke in a letterform that joins two stems together.
cross stroke
the horizontal stroke in a letterform that intersects the stem.
crotch
the interior space where two strokes meet.
ear
the stroke extending out from the main stem or body of the letterform.
en
an en is half the sixe of an em. Most often used to describe em/en spaces and em/en dashes.
finial
the rounded non-serif terminal to stroke
leg
short stroke off the stem of the letterform, either at the bottom of the stroke (L) or inclined downward (K,R)
link
the stroke that connects the bowl and the loop of a lowercase G.
loop
in some typefaces, the bowl created in the descender of the lowercase G.
shoulder
the curved stroke that is not part of a bowl
spine
the curved stem of the S
spur
the extension that articulates the junction of a curved and rectinlinear stroke
stem
the significant vertical or oblique stroke.
stress
the orientation of the letterform, indicated by the thin stroke in round forms
swash
the flourish that extends the stroke of a letterform
tail
the curved or diagonal stroke at the finish of certain letterforms
terminal
the self-contained finish of a stroke without a serif. this is something of a catch-all term. Terminals may be flat, flared, acute, grave, concave,, convex, or rounded as a ball or a teardrop.
uppercase
capital letters, including certain accented vowels, the c cedilla and no tilde, and the a/e and o/e ligatures.
lowercase
lowercase letters include teh same
uppercase numerals
also called lining figures. these numerals are the same height as uppercase letters and are all set to the same kerning width.
lowercase numerals
also called oldstyle figure sor text figures. these numerals are set to x-height with ascenders and descenders.
About this deck
By: Matt McAdow
Created: 2011-09-26
Size: 56 flashcards
Views: 4
Created: 2011-09-26
Size: 56 flashcards
Views: 4
About StudyBlue
STUDYBLUE makes things that make you better at school.
Things like online flashcards with photos and audio.
Things like personalized quizzes and friendly reminders about when (and what) to study next.
Think of it as a digital backpack™: access to all of your study materials online and on your phone.
STUDYBLUE exists to make studying efficient and effective for every student, for free. Join us.
“I have been getting MUCH better grades on all my tests for school. Flash cards, notes, and quizzes are great on here. Thanks!”
Kathy
Kathy