Happiness and money

StudyBlue printing of Happiness and money html, body, div, span, applet, object, iframe, h1, h2, h3, h4, h5, h6, p, blockquote, pre, a, abbr, acronym, address, big, cite, code, del, dfn, em, font, img, ins, kbd, q, s, samp, small, strike, strong, sub, sup, tt, var, b, u, i, center, fieldset, form, label, legend, table, caption, tbody, tfoot, thead, tr, th, td { margin: 0; padding: 0; border: 0; outline: 0; font-size: 100%; background: transparent; } body { line-height: 1; } blockquote, q { quotes: none; } blockquote:before, blockquote:after, q:before, q:after { content: ''; content: none; } /* remember to define focus styles! */ :focus { outline: 0; } /* remember to highlight inserts somehow! */ ins { text-decoration: none; } del { text-decoration: line-through; } /* tables still need 'cellspacing="0"' in the markup */ table { border-collapse: collapse; border-spacing: 0; } /* end RESET */ .header { min-width:800px; } .logo { padding:6px 20px 2px 20px; margin:0; font-size:25px; font-weight:bold; color:#808285; position:relative; border-bottom: 1px solid #c5c5c5; } .logo-blue { color:#70adc4; } .logo-desc { font-weight:normal; font-size:19px; color:#cccccc; margin-top:50px; position:absolute; display: none; } .back-button { position:absolute; top:20px; right:20px; font-size:13px; line-height:25px; color:rgb(0,175,225); font-weight:normal; } .back-button a { color:rgb(0,175,225); } .instructions { padding:0; margin:0; width:100%; position:relative; color:rgb(100,100,100); } .step-holder { border-left:1px solid #ededed; margin-left:20px; } .steps { padding:15px 0; float:left; width:24%; border-right:1px solid #ededed; text-align:center; } .steps-01 { } .steps-02 { } .steps-03 { } .steps-04 { } .label { padding:5px 10px; } .print-button { } .print-button a { background-color:rgb(0,175,225); color:white; line-height: 19px; padding:9px 8px 5px 30px; font-size:14px; text-decoration:none; background-image: url(images/printer.png); background-repeat: no-repeat; background-position: 7px 50%; -moz-border-radius: 5px; -webkit-border-radius: 5px; } .print-button a:hover { background-color:black; } .theNote .content { width: 8.0in !important; margin: 5px auto; padding:20px; background-color:white; } .theNote .header { border-bottom: 1px dashed #C8C8C8; font-size: 17px; padding: 0 0 10px; line-height: 19px; color: #00ADE1; min-width:500px; } .theNote .body { font-size: 14px; line-height: 19px; padding: 10px 0; } .theNote{ padding:6px 0; clear:both; background-color: rgb(200,200,200); } .theNote h3{ color: rgb(100,100,100); } .theNote h1, .theNote h3{ background-color:white; padding:2px 20px; width:8.0in !important; margin: 0 auto; font-size: 15px; } .theNote h1{ padding-top: 10px; font-size: 15px; } .theNote h1:first-child{ font-size: 20px; } .theNote h3 { font-size: 14px; font-weight: normal; } #options { border: 3px double #ccc; padding: 5px 12px; margin: 10px 50px 10px 20px; float: left; } #info { border-top: 1px solid #ccc; padding-top: 5px; font-style: italic; } li { margin: 5px 10px 5px 25px; } ul li { list-style: disc; } ol li { list-style: decimal; } img { border: 0; } table { clear: both; width: 100%; border: 1px solid #c5c5c5; border-width: 1px 0; margin: 0; page-break-after: always; } table#page { page-break-after: auto; } td { text-align: center; font-size: 12px; border-bottom: 1px dashed #c5c5c5; height: 1.75in; width: 50%; padding-left: 15px; } .leftside { border-right: 1px solid #cccccc; padding: 0 15px 0 0; } .bottom td { border-bottom: none; } .clearfix { clear:both; line-height:1px; height:1px; } img { max-width:80%; max-height:150px; margin:20px; } @media print {.header { display: none; } .content .header{ display:inherit; } table { border: 1px dashed #bbb; border-width: 1px 0; } .theNote{ background-color:white; } } Happiness/Money Goals: what do we mean by happiness? What makes one person happier than another? Happiness and emotion: Is happiness harder to study than fear, surprise, anxiety? Why or why not? Happiness is much harder to define also more difficult to elicit in the lab universality? Questions about anxiety... what makes people anxious, what are the roles of genes, of immediate environment on anxiety? Do certain things make everyone anxious? Are some people more anxious by nature? What are the physiological correlates of anxiety? Questions about happiness what makes people happy? Role of genes and upbringing on happiness? Immediate environment and happiness? Do certain things make everyone happy? Are some people happier by nature? Consequences of happiness on behavior and development? Physiological correlates for happiness? Happiness and the brain! Brain damage or trauma to the left side of the brain causes a more depressive state feelings of well-being reside within the left hemisphere, negative feelings in the right hemisphere. EEG recordings: funny movie clips, tasting sweetness, etc increase electrical activity in the left hemisphere negative emotions such as tasting sour are associated with increased activity in the right hemisphere MRI scanning: stimulating the left side of the brain causes an increase in euphoric reactions. What makes you feel happy? Happiness is pleasure and positive emotions things like close relationship, success and honesty are some things that make a happy life feeling component: What makes someone feel happy in the here and now, typically pleasure and positive emotions and more immediate causes such as coffee, warm weather, music, etc. cognitive compnent: what makes a happy life, typically things that cause meaning and satisfaction and are more abstract such as kids, being successful, love, etc. memory experience and the end rule imagine you live until you are 80, you may experience 79 years of joy and think of the last year as being miserable or experience 79 years without joy and think during the last year as life being joyful. The “experiencing self” being happy throughout life, living in the present, feeling component the “remembering self” being happy about life, keeping score and being the story teller, cognitive component we judge our past experiences based on how they were at the end hand in cold water/ cold press experiment 60 seconds of cold vs 60 seconds of cold and 30 seconds of warmth if experience mattered, the 60 seconds of cold would be more likely to repeat the 60 secodns of cold versus the 90 seconds of total cold. If endings mattered, the 90 second group would repeat the experience. 30 second ending was more pleasurable overall loud and unpleasent noises followed by a more pleasant noise found to be more pleasurable overall. Kohnmen: the remembered self makes all of the decisions, weather going from bad to good is more likely to cause higher mood than stably good weather. Biological basis for happiness genes are not life circumstances 50% of happiness is contributed to genes twins who share all genes, more happiness repeats than those who share half of their genes happiness has set-points, attractor state, always either a little happy or unhappy overall. Life circumstances have a 10% impact on happiness, lottery winners have reported being aboutas happy as everyone else, less pleasure out of every-day activities. Initially very happy until happiness reverts back to set point. Accident Victims: accident among the worst things to happen to them, same as everyone else in terms of happiness. They are slightly less happy than control group but take more pleasure than lottery winners in performing daily activities. The everyday life experiences make up for about 40% of our happiness. These are aspects that are completely within our control. Money most people think that money doesn't buy happiness people ranked money next to last in sources of a satisfying life many judged to be largely irrelevant in what makes a happy life most people also feel though having a little more money would improve their quality of life what keeps us from living a good life? Not enough money what part of life is least satisfying? Amount of money we had to live on. Typically this is true Regardless of income! When asked about life right now, people say that more money would be nice, however, when looking at the big picture they say that it doesn't buy happiness Therefore, people ACT and not SAY it buys happines, however life circumstances like wealth make up for 10% of happines. How to figure it out? Brickman et all: lottery winners, pay increases lead to short term boosts in happiness but not long term. Pay decreases lead to short term negative happiness levels but not long term effects heady & wearing (1989) in changes of over 8 years, they found that pay increases and decreases cause no long term effect on happiness why doesnt it matter in the long term? Adaptation sensory stimuli decrease over time sense respond to changing stimulus than constant stimulation hedonistic adaptation. Perfect vision after near blindness: after two weeks, patient was adapted to this new experience and no longer had a happiness boost. Coolidge effect: suggested that sexual activity is higher when the animals in the farm had different partners. Hedonic treadmill we keep running after pleasures but because we adapt to them we continue running to find other ones. Simularity with exotic partners with habituation original excitedness of a country or person became habituatied over time, 7-year item Forming an ideal life: young and old what you have and what you need, having more stuff doesnt negate the fact that you want more stuff. Cell phones and introduction of a need into society: needs rise with our incomes we underestimate our capacities for adaptation how do you feel about your level of maternal comfort? House sizes have doubled in the last 50 years, from 1,000 to 2,000 sq. ft per household commuting and big houses: the trade-off isnt making you happier, hedonic pleasure versus bi house with a commute is not equal more comfortable/ safer cars; more entertainment; more luxurious vacations if we are so rich, why aren't we more happy? social comparison comparison and sensation if your earn 100,000 per year, and others made 250,00 per year, you would not be as happy as if you made 50,000 per year and others made 30,000 per year. We evaluate our own incomes to the incomes of other people Bronze medalists are happier than silver medalists because they do not compare themselves to those with a higher honor, they compare themselves to those who did not get a medal. Silver medalists are comparing themselves to the gold medalists. We don't get happier when we get richer because our point of comparison changes. We are happy with a honda until we ride a friend's BMW Upward/downward comparison: students who compare themselves upward do not feel good, those who compare themselves downward feel better. It involves everything: looks, body, potential, etc Virtual world: social networking allows for an increased means of social comparison. Things we compare like vacation is less impervious to social comparison because vacation has a different meaning to everybody. Two types of goods: positional goods: happiness depends on what others have non-positional goods: happiness is independent of what others have. Idea: memory = morestuff = more happiness happiness is what we have over what we want, unhappiness is what we want over what we have. If money can get you into the state of having being greater than wanting, than you can buy happiness if it gets you to a state where wanting is greater than having, money can buy sadness.