HIEA 210 February 27 Lecture Notes

NSS called for krn cultural education, krn history, literature right to study Marxism (anathema to Jp) End to the oriental company END OF EXPLOITATION OF THE PEOPLE Send delegates to int?l conferences to denounce Jp imperialism Problem: it fragments, falls under leadership of left wing Marxists, right wings leave Felt the wave of new ideas, by the end of the decade, the movement for independence was no more effective than the end of the second decade The variety of the leaders of the national independence movement were too fragmented Final stage of this period: Another change in policy: Japanization and industrialization 1931-1932; it is at this point that the nationalist movements had to go underground, virtually every left wings in Korea went to prison or underground By this time after 1931, Jp occupy Manchuria and set up a public regime under an emperor The Jp military wanted to strengthen their hold in Korea Jp require the active support from Korea for economic and military efforts Prior to this, some Korean pple gave grudging, indirect support for self-interest (members of the elite) Jp make efforts to eradicate the Korean culture and nationalist movement Full emphasis on assimilation Eg. shrine question Eg. by 1931, all schools (mission schools) were asked, then required in 1932, to attend Shinto rituals Some korean Christians accepted the explanation and participated the rituals By 1938, Koreans Presbyterians associated with US Division, splits btwn those who accepted the Shrine question and those who didn?t stayed well iinto 1945(?) Eg. Name Creation order Forced to take JP names Eg. Huge numbers of Krn men were forced to move to Jp to work in the mines Eg. Comfort women Young women forced to work as prostitutes for Jp army Eg. 1937, ban of all Krn organization Mass organization to involve all the populace for the army effort Krn Federation for the Youth organization designed to get the youth used to organizations All Korean Writers Organization Every individual of the society was involved in an organization Facilitate them for RECRUITMENT These always had umbrella organizations Those who benefited from the assimilation All pro-Jp were brought under an umbrella organization of National Association of Koreans Starting in 1931; raw numbers increased, but the percentage decreased bc the bureaucracy increased Approximately 87,500 officials, approx 50% were Krn Eg. local police 80% and 60% of the higher ranks were Jp At best, Koreans under Jp rule were made to make difficult decisions If one wanted to stay faithful to culture and heritage, they had little chance If one wanted to secure basic security for family or had ambitions, they had to at least implicitly put up with Jp debasement of Krn culture OVERVIEW OF COLONIAL RULE (CONTINUED) KORYO COMMUNIST PARTY CHOSON COMMUNIST PARTY JUNE 1926 DEMONSTRATION NOVEMBER 1929 STUDENT UPRISING NEW SHOOT SOCIETY () SHRINE QUESTION (SHINTO) NAME CREATION ORDER