Hinduism Test
Theology Iv with Mulcahy at Fenwick High School
About this deck
By: Michael McLean
Textbook:
Exploring the Religions of Our World
Created: 2011-09-28
Size: 80 flashcards
Views: 32
Textbook:
Exploring the Religions of Our WorldCreated: 2011-09-28
Size: 80 flashcards
Views: 32
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How many Hindus are there today?
approximately 1 billion, 1 million of which are in the USA
Who was the founder of Hinduism?
Hinduism had no particular founder.
Which group coined the term "Hinduism"?
the British in the 18th century
Who was Ramakrishna?
He was a Hindu "saint," had practiced Islam and Christianity too. "Many faiths are but different paths leading to the one reality which is God."
Explain Prothero's Model on Hinduism.
Problem: Samsara (the wheel of rebirth)
Goal: Moksha (liberation or release from samsara)
Technique: Yoga
Exemplar: one's guru (a spiritual teacher)
What is samsara?
the wheel of rebirth
What is moksha?
liberation or release from samsara
What is a guru?
a spiritual teacher
What is the basic polarity between in Hinduism?
dharma and moksha
What is dharma?
righteousness or ethical duty
What is karma?
cosmic and personal cause and effect whereby one's thoughts, words, and deeds (whether good or bad) determine what happens to a person in this and future lives
Do you have to be a human to have karma?
Yes.
What is rita?
the cosmic order
What is svadharma?
your personal duty, based on caste, gender, and stage of life
What is lokas?
places of possible rebirth
What are the five (5) classes in the caste system?
brahmins
kshatriyas
vaisyas
shudras
harijans
What are the brahmins?
Hindu priests
What are the kshatriyas?
warriors and rulers
What are the vaishyas?
the merchants and craftsmen (skilled labor)
What are the shudras?
the unskilled laborers
What are the harijans?
the untouchables (also, Dalits)
What is a jati?
a subcaste (when people of two different castes marry)
What are the four (4) stages of life, or the ashramas?
student
householder
"forest-dweller"/hermit
sanyasin
What are the Ashramas?
the four (4) stages of life
What is a sanyasin?
a wandering holy man (on a spiritual quest)
What is asceticism?
self-denial in religion to enhance spiritual growth
What are the four (4) goals in life?
kama
artha
dharma
moksha
What is kama?
pleasure
What is artha?
gain
What are the three (3) types of artha, or gain?
wealth
fame
power
What is yoga?
a spiritual path designed to unite a person with God or with one's true self
What is a yogi?
a practitioner or yoga
What were the two (2) protest movements of Hinduism?
Buddhism and Jainism
Who was the founder of Buddhism?
The Buddha
Who was the founder of Jainism?
Mahavira
What are the three (3) main paths to moksha?
karma yoga
jnana yoga
bhakti yoga
What is karma yoga?
the path of selfless service
What is jnana yoga?
the path of knowledge or intuition
What is bhakti yoga?
the path of love and devotion (most popular)
What is yama?
refrain from vices (negative)
What is niyama?
practicing virtues (positive)
What is asanas?
postures
What is pranayama?
breath control
What is monism?
the belief that all reality is one
What is pantheism?
the belief that everything is God
What is panentheism?
the belief that everything is in God
What is atman?
the soul or essence of what you are
What is brahman?
ultimate reality
What is maya?
illusion
Who was Ramanuja?
a person who supported the belief that God was personal with dual positions (atman and brahman are separate)
What is the philosophy that supports ultimate reality?
Advita Vendata
What is Advita Vendata?
non-dualism in the Vedic tradition (atman and brahman are one in the same)
Who was Shankara?
a person who supported the belief that God was an ultimate reality
What is ahimsa?
harmlessness or non-violence
What are the three (3) main Hindu scriptures?
the Vedas
the Upanishads
the Bhagavad-Gita
What does the Upanishads teach?
atman and brahman are one in the same (wheel diagram)
(the soul or essence of what you are is the same as your ultimate reality)
Who are the two (2) main characters in the Gita?
Price Arjuna and Krishna
Who is Krishna?
an avatar of Vishnu
What is an avatar?
a reincarnated version of the original
Who is Brahma?
the creator
Who is Vishnu?
the preserver
Who is Shiva?
the destroyer
What is puja?
offerings to statues representing hundreds of gods
What does "Veda" mean?
"truth" or "knowledge"
What are the sanghitas?
verses in the Vedas
What is the soma?
a ritual in which liquid is formed by crushing a particular plant
Of what is the cow a symbol in Hinduism?
earth's fertility
Who crossed the Indus River?
Alexander the Great
Can karma be transferred through many incarnations?
Yes.
What river is considered the purest in the world by Hindus, having the power to wash away sin?
the Ganges River in India
What is the Ramayata?
the story of Rama
What were the two (2) effects of the arrival of the Muslims in the 11th century?
mysticism (sharpening monotheistic tendencies) and a rejection of Islam (making Hinduism stronger)
Who was Mohanes Ghandi?
a total non-violence person who lead Indian masses toward peace
What did Mohanes Ghandi become known as?
Mohadna = "Great Soul"
What were the two (2) countries that were formed after the arrival of the Muslims?
Pakistan and India
What is Sikhism?
a blending of Islam and Hinduism
What are the Varnas?
the "colors," or the caste-system
What is the Rig Veda?
a collection of ancient Vedic hymns
What is satygraha?
"holy to the truth" or the "pursuit of truth"
Who was the founder of Sekhism?
Guru Nanak
About this deck
By: Michael McLean
Textbook: Exploring the Religions of Our World
Created: 2011-09-28
Size: 80 flashcards
Views: 32
Textbook:
Exploring the Religions of Our WorldCreated: 2011-09-28
Size: 80 flashcards
Views: 32
About StudyBlue
STUDYBLUE makes things that make you better at school.
Things like online flashcards with photos and audio.
Things like personalized quizzes and friendly reminders about when (and what) to study next.
Think of it as a digital backpack™: access to all of your study materials online and on your phone.
STUDYBLUE exists to make studying efficient and effective for every student, for free. Join us.
“I have been getting MUCH better grades on all my tests for school. Flash cards, notes, and quizzes are great on here. Thanks!”
Kathy
Kathy