History Exam (4)

History 106 with Smith at Texas A&M University

About this deck

By: Zachary Snavely
Textbook:

America: A Narrative History (Brief Eighth Edition) (Vol. 2)
Created: 2011-04-13
Size: 82 flashcards
Views: 358

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President Harry Truman

1st president after WWII; President when atomic bomb was developed and it was his decision to bomb Japan--trying to save money and American lives

would peace bring back the depression?

americans were afraid that since WWII is what brought the country out of the depression, that if the war was now over and there was peace, would america fall back into the depression or not

role of government to prevent future Depressions

after world war II, learned that the health of the economy is the job of the government--big government was established as a reality

Bracero Program 1942

brought in legal workers from Mexico to help with labor shortages in agricultural areas

G.I. Bill 1944

gave housing benefits, loans, and mortgages to veterans; paid for their tuition if they went back to school

Bretton Woods Conference 1944

established a system that would avoid crisis's that happened after WWI; created a World Bank and IMF

United Nations

replaced the League of Nations; created to stop wars between countries, maintain peace, and promote cooperation in solving international economic problems

Iron Curtain

coined by Churchill; the idea that the Soviet Union was spreading its power across Europe

Decolonization

many nations created out of former colonies with the support of the United Nations. Many colonies were decolonized with the blessing of their imperial affiliates

racism as a national security risk

the US was having trouble making allies with other nation because they still had segregation in the country; the realization of the Holocaust pushed americans to realize segregation needed to end

Smith v Allwright 1944

overturned the Democratic Party's use of all-white primaries in Texas; issue was Texas claimed that the Democratic Party was a private organization that could set its own rules of membership but Smith argued that this disfranchised him from voting

Jackie Robinson in baseball 1947

was on the Dodgers; 1st AA player to be in the MLB

desegregation of armed forces 1948

Truman desegregates the army; President Truman desegregated the forces in 1948. Was big blacklash from the South because segregation was as close to slavery as could be possible. South used this issue of desegregation to begin to push for state's rights to do what was best for their state

Fair Deal 1945

passed by Truman; idea was to show the people that they deserved a fair deal from the government and to transform US from a wartime economy to a peacetime economy; created universal healthcare, helped with minimum wage, social security, and G.I. Bill

Full Employment Act 1946

lay the responsibility of economic stability of inflation and unemployment onto the government; answered the question of if the US would fall back into a depression since WWII was now over

Taft-Hartley Act 1947

aka the Labor-Management Relations Act; monitors the activities and power of the labor unions

Greek Civil War 1946

US backed up the governmental army of Greece against the Greek Communist Party; victory put Greece membership in NATO and made Greece securely anti-communist

Cold War

Truman Doctrine, Marshall Plan, and National Security Act were all part of Truman's Cold War strategy

Truman Doctrine

US would support Greece and Turkey with economic and military aid to prevent them from falling into the Soviet's power; made it US's policy to support nations who are being oppressed by outside forces (communism)

Marshall Plan 1947

economic program to rebuilding Europe; it was offered to the Soviets but they rejected it

National Security Act 1947

created the Department of the Air Forces, National Security Council, and CIA

Berlin Airlift

during the Cold War, the Soviets had blocked off US's railway to Berlin so that we could not provide aid and just so that the Soviets could be given control of the city; in response, the US created the Berlin Airlift to carry supplies to Berlin

NATO

North Atlantic Treaty Organization; is an intergovernmental military alliance which states agreement to mutual defense in response to an attack by any external party; idea was to keep Soviets out, Americas in, and Germans down

Soviet A-Bomb 1949

Soviets detonated an atomic bomb

People's Republic of China 1949

chinese civil war ended with the Communist Party of China in control over the Nationalists and the Kuomintang retreating to Taiwan

NSC-68 and "rollback"

issued by the National Security Council and it expanded on the doctrine of containment and also the properties of the Truman Doctrine.

fought to contain communism and "roll it back" to only certain areas by taking back communist gains

Korean War 1950

proxy war; south korea supported by united nations, north korea supported by peoples republic of china and Soviets

Inchon

the city where US troops landed to relieve pressure and launch a United Nations offensive upward in the Korean War

President Truman fired General MacArthur

MacArthur was fired for making public statements that contradicted the official policies of the US government, and for involving military in the media; General MacArthur openly criticized the president for not allowing them to expand into China and so Truman fired him

Soviet H-Bomb 1953

more powerful than the A-Bomb; Soviets had this and US did not

Universal Declaration of Human Rights 1948

was started by a United Nations' committee headed by the first lady. Contained the four freedoms: freedom of speech, freedom of worship, freedom from want, and freedom from fear

Contained phrases like: all people created equal, right of life liberty and security, and no punishment or servitude

Texas Regulars

Texas conservative Democrats were irritated with FDR's New Deal so they created a 3rd party so he would not get re-elected; O'Daniel was the leader; they lost so they went on to support the Dixiecrat candidacy of Thurmond

Felix Longoria

dead soldier who's body was not allowed to be buried in the state chapel because he was "mexican" and because "the whites would not like it"; Johnson intervened and made it possible for his body to be buried in a national cemetery

Dixiecrats

wanted states' rights; a fall-away from the Democratic Party; opposed racial integration and wanted to retain Jim Crow laws and white supremacy; leader was Thurmond

Strom Thurmond

leader of the Dixiecrats; at age 22 he had fathered a daughter Essie Mae Washington-Williams who was black

Sweatt v Painter 1950

proved lack of equality, in favor of Sweatt, the "separate but equal" doctrine established by the Plessy v Ferguson; sweatt was refused admission to Texas Law bc he was black; created the Thurgood Marshall School of Law

Thurgood Marshall

the judge who helped Sweatt win the case of Painter, and the a college was named after him; Thurgood also is known for his victory in the Brown v Board of Education

Earl Warren

the chief justice of the Supreme Court when Brown v. Board of Education was decided. Before the decision, court went on recess and he went to Virginia with his black car driver. Warren sleeps in a nice hotel and driver sleeps in the car. Warren grows a heart and knows what decision has to be made

Emmett Till

14 yr old black boy that was murdered for supposedly "flirting" with a white woman; this murder is noted as one of the leading events that motivated the AA Civil Rights Movement

Montgomery bus boycott 1955

sparked by Rosa Parks; the idea was that if blacks didn't ride the bus's, then the public transit system financials would be intensely decreased

Little Rock school desegregation

Courts ruled that desegregation of schools had to happen with "all deliberate speed" and it began with Central High School. the National Guard had to be called out after the white blacklash to the blacks entering the school

3rd Klan

Ku Klux Klan that resurfaced after desegregation orders are passed. These are the Klan members known for the Confederate Flag.

"New Look" military

means less reliance on infantry and a lot more use of nuclear weapons, missiles, planes, and other technologies

Highway Act

called the National Interstate and Defense Highway Act. created better roads and highways, created the four lane divided highways which were modeled after the Autoban, provided a lot of jobs

Domino Theory

theory proposed by Dwight Eisenhower. idea that if one country became subject to communism (Indochina) that the surrounding countries would fall to communism as well

Sputnik

a satelite created by the Soviet Union that they launched into space in 1957. signaled to the United States that they were behind in the space race

NASA

National Aeronautics and Space Administration--was created in response to the Soviet Union launching Sputnik into space. Lyndon B. Johnson is president when NASA is created so it is placed in Texas

HUAC McCarthy hearings

in 1954, the army accused McCarthy of improperly pressuring the army to give favorable treatment to a private that was a former aide to McCarthy

Suez Crisis

part of the Cold War; United Nations protected Egypt from Israel, Britain, and France who were trying to gain control of the Suez Canal and make the Nasser Power fall

Hungary uprising, 1956

a spontaneous nationwide revolt against the soviet-imposed government; revolt began as a student demonstration of marching through the streets of Hungary

Kennedy-Nixon debates

the first debates on television; Kennedy won because he won the debate

Bay of Pigs, 1961

unsuccessful action by a CIA-trained force of Cuban exiles to invade southern Cuba with the support of the U.S. government in an attempt to overthrow the cuban government of Castro

Cuban Missile Crisis, 1962

soviets and cubans were beginning to build missile bases in Cuba and the U.S. did not permit this; caused a confrontation that was seen as the closest moment in the Cold War that it may become a nuclear conflict

The Great Society

domestic programs proposed by Johnson that were supposed to eliminate poverty and racial injustice; they were stalled initiatives from kennedy's New Frontier

Southern Christian Leadership Conference

civil rights organization ran by MLK and led a huge role in the Civil Rights Movement

Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee

organization emerging from student meetings in raleigh, NC; they had sit-ins and freedom rides

March on Washington, 1963

political rally in support of civil and economic rights for AA; this was the march where MLK had his famous speech; the march was for "jobs and freedom"

Civil Rights Act of 1964

outlawed major forms of discrimination against blacks and women; ended unequal voting rights and segregation in schools

Voting Rights Act of 1965

outlawed discriminatory voting practices

Malcolm X

thought violence was the answer for standing up for AA rights

Cassius Clay & Muhammad Ali

part of the islamic/black group

Loving v. Virginia, 1968

ended all race-based legal restrictions on marriage

Ho Chi Minh

president of North Vietnam; leader of the Viet Cong

Tonkin Gulf Resolution, 1964

a joint resolution which congress passed that allowed Johnson, without formal declaration of war, to use military force in southeast asia;

Rolling Thunder

aerial attack by the US on north vietnam; was a failure bc it did not meet any of its objectives

Robert McNamara

secretary of defense serving under kennedy then johnson; played a large role in the US involvement in the Vietnam War

Tet Offensive, 1968

north vietnam attacked the south during a holiday/2 day cease fire; purpose was to cause an uprise among the population; proved we were not in control of the war

Democratic Party Convention, 1968

a meeting of the Democratic party where Lyndon Johnson announced he would not be running again for president

Richard Nixon v. Hubert Humphrey v. George Wallace, 1968

nixon won

Spiro Agnew

only vice president to resign because of criminal charges

Henry Kissinger

secretary of state; leader of the "detant" with the soviets

Vietnamization

idea was to draw out our troops from Vietnam and train the vietnamese to fight better; onyl could be done the "detant" if we got alont witht he soviets

My Lai Massacre

mass murder of innocent civilians in vietnam by the US troops; caused a worldwide outrage

Cambodia bombing, 1970

a failed US bombing campaign to stop north vietnam offensives

Kent State University

students protested against the Cambodia Bombings and 4 students were killed

Pentagon Papers, 1971

papers that showed that the government knew from the beginning that we would not win the Vietnam war; these papers were hidden from the public for many years; papers were released by Ellsberg

War Powers Resolution, 1973

law that made it to where the president can only commend the army to fight through consent with Congress; joint resolution

Saigon falls, 1975

north vietnam captured saigon (south vietnam's capital); ended the war

About this deck

By: Zachary Snavely
Textbook:

America: A Narrative History (Brief Eighth Edition) (Vol. 2)
Created: 2011-04-13
Size: 82 flashcards
Views: 358

About StudyBlue

“I have used this website for three exams, and I see a huge difference in my test results.”
Naj