History Final

History 1305 with Sutherland at Baylor University

About this deck

By: Megan Mendez
Created: 2011-05-07
Size: 55 flashcards
Views: 20

About StudyBlue

STUDYBLUE makes things that make you better at school. Things like online flashcards with photos and audio. Things like personalized quizzes and friendly reminders about when (and what) to study next. Think of it as a digital backpack™: access to all of your study materials online and on your phone. STUDYBLUE exists to make studying efficient and effective for every student, for free. Join us.

“Simply amazing. The flash cards are smooth, there are many different types of studying tools, and there is a great search engine. I praise you on the awesomeness.”
Dennis

Sign up (free) to study this.

The Cold War: Early Phase

1945-1960
US v. Soviet Union

used to be allies

Post World War II

Iron Curtain

Term coined by Winston Churchill
To describe the Cold War divide between western Europe and the Soviet Union's Eastern European satellites

Containment

US strategy in the Cold War that called for containing Soviet expansion
Trumans response to Soviet occupation of Eastern Europe

Truman Doctrine

President Harry S. Truman's program of post World War II aid to European countries in danger of being undermined by communism
particularly Greece and Turkey
Marked the beginning of a contest that people began to call the Cold War

The Marshall Plan

US program for the reconstruction of post World War II Europe through massive aid to former enemy nations as well as allies; PROMOTE EUROPEAN ECONOMIC RECOVERY
Proposed by General George Marshall in 1947
The Communist seizure of power in Prague -- reason congressed passed

The National Security Act

Created a National Military Establishment
Headed by the secretary of defense
The act made permanent the Joint Chiefs of Staff, a wartime innovation, and established the Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) to coordinate global intelligence gathering

Federal Republic of Germany

West Germany

German Democratic Republic

East Germany

NATO

Defensive alliance founded in 1949 by ten western European nations, the US, an Canada, to deter Soviet expansion in Europe
North Atlantic Treaty pledged that an attack against any one of the members would be considered an attack against all.
North Atlantic Treaty Organization would govern the alliance

Warsaw Pact

Warsaw Treaty Organization appeared as the Eastern European counterpoint to NATO

Mao Zedong

Communist; wins victory in China

Cold War becomes "HOT"

After a Communist government came to power in CHina (1949) Korea became a "hot spot"
divided at the 38th parallel after World War II
Communist - North
Western--style - South

Truman's Fair Deal

Not only preserve the New Deal but expand it

expansion of Social Security

Ended segregation in the military

banned racial discrimination in the hiring of federal employees

HUAC

House Committee on Un-American Affairs

During the Korean war, another Red Scare: sought to find "subversives" within federal government

Joseph R. McCarthy

exploited Americans' fears of Soviet spies' infiltrating the highest levels of the US government

GI Bill

Servicemen's Readjustment Act of 1944

"Government Issue"

Provided unemployment pay for veterans for one year, preference for vets seeking gov. jobs, access to gov. hospital, and generous subsidies for postsecondary education

Alger Hiss

During the second Red Scare, Alger Hiss was accused of being a spy for the Soviet Union and was convicted for lying about espionage

Truman called the charges against Hiss a "red herring"

Jackie Robinson

In 1947, he became the 1st African American to play major league baseball

He won over fans and players and stimulated the integration of other professional sports

Security Council

primary responsibility for the maintenance of international peace and security

for the charter of United Nations

1950s: culture

a culture of fear and prosperity

Baby Boom

Markedly higher birth rate in the years following World War II

led to the biggest demographic "bubble" in American history

Construction

postwar construction boom

Proportion of homeowners in the population increased by 50 percent between 1945-60

New homes had all the latest appliances; including TV

Suburbs

William Levitt led the suburban revolution

Federal Housing Administration made it easy for a builder to borrow money to construct low-cost homes

Blacks not allowed; very conforming

Highway

Expanded automobile production and highway construction facilitated the rush to the suburbs as people were able to commute longer distances to work

Improved road network

Consumerism

By the mid-1960s the US produced and consumed over 1/3 of all goods and services in the world but comprised only about 5% of the world population

Rock and Roll

Alan Freed coined the term

blamed the delinquency on a new form of music

popularity help bridge the gap between "white" and "black" music

Elvis Presley

The Beatniks

The Beat Generation

dissatisfaction with conformity was reflected in the literature and art

from realism to abstract expressionism

sought salvation through use of hallucinogenic drugs, alcohol, sex, and music

Allen Gingsberg, Jack Keruoac

Julius and Ethel Rosenberg

British-American spy

information about the development of the atomic bomb to the Soviet Union

HUAC Hollywood Hearing

questioned 19 prominent Hollywood writers, producers, and actors, intending to prove the Communist party members dominated the Screen Writers Guild

Hollywood ten

use the 1st amendment as a defense

refused to answer the question

movie industry blacklisted the Hollywood ten, denying them further work

Harry Truman

1945 - 1953

National Security Act, banned racial discrimination in the hiring of federal employees and ended racial segregation in the armed forces

Truman Doctrine, Marshall Plan

Dwight Eisenhower

1953 - 1961

containment and deterrence

preferred state over federal institution to handle civil rights

refused to force states to comply with civil rights decisions

Did propose legislation of Civil Rights Act of 1957

Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka, Kansas

US Supreme court decision that struck down racial segregation in public education and declared "separate but equal" not constitutional

SCLC

Southern Christian Leadership Convention

MLK founder

SNCC

Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee

The sit-in movement (beginning in 1960)

voter registration drives

CORE

Congres of Racial Equality

The Freedom Rides

1960s: culture

a culture of dissent

Youth in 1960s

Radical politics

students for a Democratic Society

Free Speech Movement

Sit-ins

Movement becomes violent

Non-political forms of dissent

hippies

drugs

love-ins

music

Vietnam

americas longest war

Ho Chi Minh

founder of the Viet Minh

communist

Dien Bien phu

the defining battle in the war between French colonialists and the Viet Minh

The Viet Minh's victory secured North Vietnam for Ho Chi Minh and was crucial in compelling the French to give up Indochina as a colony

Ngo Dinh Diem

Following the Geneva Accords, the French, with the support of America, forced the Vietnamese emperor to accept Dinh Diem as the new premier of South Vietnam

Diem's Policies

Anti-Buddhist, unpopular with many South Vietnamese

Formation of the Viet Cong in South Vietnam

Fighting continues/ spreads; the US begins to send military advisers during Eisenhower's administration: Kennedy increases that number

Fidel Castro

His communist regime came to power in Cuba after two years f guerrilla warfare against the dictator Fulgenico Batista

He enacted land redistribution programs and nationalized all foreign own property

loan from US? NO -- help from Soviet Union

Cuban Missile Crisis

caused when the US discovered Soviet offensive missile in Cuba

the US -Soviet confrontation was the cold war's closest brush with nuclear war

Bay of Pigs

Kennedy agreed to the CIA plot to take down Castro

anti-Castro Cubans landed at Bay of Pigs -- caught

Kennedy looked weak to Soviet -- Nikita Khrushchev believe that Soviets can install ballistic missiles in Cuba without American opposition

John F. Kennedy

While visiting Dallas, TX -- shot twice in throat

Lee Harvey Oswald

Lyndon B Johnson

Gulf of Tonkin incident

1st ground troops sent to South Vietnam

Tet Offensive

Antiwar sentiment escalates at home

Gulf of Tonkin incident

North Vietnamese vessels attack two american destroyers in Gulf of Tonkin off the coast of North Vietnam

Claimed it was unprovoked (not true - monitoring)

gave him unlimited authority to defend US forces and members of SEATO

Tet Offensive

Surprise attack by the Viet Cong and North Vietnamese during the vietnamese New Year of 1968

turned American public opinion strongly against the war in Vietnam

Vietnamization

Nixon's policy of equipping and training the South Vietnamese so that they could assume ground combat operations in the place of American soldiers

hope it would defuse the anti-war movement

Richard Nixon: Cambodia

Bombings in Cambodia lead to a new wave of antiwar protest, including Kent State

Operations Menu: 14 month long bombing of Communist forces

Pentagon papers

informal name for the Defense Department's secret history of the Vietnam conflict

Leaked to the press by former official Daniel Ellsberg and published in New York Times

My Lai Massacre

Lieutenant William Calley ordered the murder of 300 Vietnamese civilians in the village of My Lai

Calley was convicted of murder but Nixon then granted him parole

About this deck

By: Megan Mendez
Created: 2011-05-07
Size: 55 flashcards
Views: 20

About StudyBlue

“Simply amazing. The flash cards are smooth, there are many different types of studying tools, and there is a great search engine. I praise you on the awesomeness.”
Dennis