HNF Exam 1
Science Bs110 with Muzzall at Michigan State University
About this deck
By: Hannah Soubayi
Created: 2010-09-29
Size: 52 flashcards
Views: 15
Created: 2010-09-29
Size: 52 flashcards
Views: 15
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What is nutrition?
The study of how food nourishes the body
What is nutrition in regards to biochemical interactions?
The biochemical interaction between food and beverages, nutrients, genetics and health.
What is nutrition in regards to eating?
The study of human eating behaviors
What is nutrition in regards to government and corporate regulation?
Government(public) and corporate(private) regulation and influences on human eating behavior.
What is nutrition in regards to ethics?
ethics of food production, distrubution, and consumption
What types of diseases are less nutrition related
Down syndrome, Hemophila, Sickle cell anemia, adult bone loss, cancer, inferctious diseases.
What diseases are more nutrition related?
Iron-deficiency anemia, vitamin deficiencies, mineral deficiences, toxicicties, poor resistance to disease, diabetes, hypertension, heart disease.
What are nutrients?
components of food that are indispensable to the body's functioning.
What do nutrients provide?
energy, serve as building material, maintain or repair body parts, support growth
What are the classes of nutrients?
water, carbohydrates, protein, fats,vitamins, minerals, non-nutrients that are beneficial.
What component makes a nutrient organic?
carbon
What are some organic nutrients?
Carbohydrates, proteins,fats,vitamins
What are the calorie values for the energy nutrient carbohydrate
4 cal/g
What are the calories values for the energy nutrient Protein?
4 cal/g
What are the calorie values for the energy nutrient Fat(lipid)
9 cal/g
What are essential nutrients?
nutrients the body can't make itself. they must be taken from diet to prevent deficiences
What are some examples of essential nutrients?
zinc, amino acids
What makes a nutritious (optimal) diet?
maximizes health and longevity, prevents nutrient deficiencies, decreases risk for chronic diseases, composed of foods that are available safe and palatable.
What are the componets of a nutritious (optimal) diet (5 factors)
adequacy, balance, calorie control, variety, moderation
What does it mean to be nutrient dense?
foods that are rich in nutrients relative to their energy content
lower calories, higher nutrient content = nutrient dense
What are the 2005 Dietary Guidelines?
consume a variety of foods, control calorie intake, be physically active, increase fruits and veggies,whole grains, and lowfat dairy, choose FAT WISELY, choose CARBS WISELY, choose and prepare foods with less salt, drink alcohol in moderation, keep food safe to eat
What are some factors that influence food choices?
advertising, availablilty, positive associations, region of country, social pressure, values or beliefs.
What are some key points in terms of food ways?
cultural traditions and social values revlove around food. some values are expressed through foodways.
What are some features of a typical cell?
nucleus, nuclear membrane, microvilli, mitochondria, cell membrane
What are the 2 major fluids of the body
blood and lymph
What are the reqiurements of efficient circulation?
fluids, cardiovascular fitness, good nutrition
What are hormones?
chemical messengers
What are some examples of hormones?
insulin- secreted when blood sugar is too high
glucagon-secreted when blood sugar too low
What happens in the flight or fight
nerves release nerrotransmitters, glands release epinephrine and norepinephrine, every organ of body responds and metabolism speeds up, liver releases glucose, fat cells release fat.
What does malnutrition do to the immune system?
infection worsens each other spiral
What are the 5 basic tastes?
Sweet, sour, bitter, salty, umami(savory)
What are the functions of body fluids?
supply tissues with energy, oxygen, and nutrients, they carry away waste materials
What type of blood do arteries have
oxygenated
What type of blood do veins have?
oxygen depleted
What is the blood flow in the cardiovascular system?
Heart
Tissue
Heart
Lungs
Heart
What is the blood flow in the cardiovascular system (lower)?
Heart
Intestine
Liver
Heart
What do phagocytes do?
attack and invade
What do v-cells do?
make anitbodies
What is the function of the digestive system?
it breaks down food and absorption
What 2 types of digestion are there
mechanical
chemical
What does mechanical digestion involve?
peristaltic wave
Describe the path food takes
food is chewed in the mouth, it then travels down the esophagus (boulus), then ti goes to the stomach mixes with hydrochloric acid, then it travels through the small intestine, then it travels through the large intestine, then it goes to the rectum the the anus
What is the kidneys role in excretion
it filters waste from blood and urine
What is the lungs role in excretion?
it removes carbon dioxide from the blood and returns blood to the heart
What are some health alerts?
Obesity is on the rise, Diabetes is on the rise
Why are we getting heavier?
soft drink consumption, large portion size, decreased activity, society's preoccupation with food dieting and thinness
Who regulates nutrition recommendations of Dietary Reference Intakes?
food and nutrition board, national academy of sciences
Who regulates the dietary guidelines for americans?
USDA/HHS
Who regulates the Daily Food guide Pyramid?
USDA/HHS
Who regulates food labels
FDA
What are DRIs
Dietary Reference Intakes
What are the goals of the DRI's
setting recommended dietary allowances( Recommended Dietary Allowances), adequate intakes (AI), Facilitating nutrition research and policy estimated average requirements, Establishing safety guidelines UL(upper intake levels)
About this deck
By: Hannah Soubayi
Created: 2010-09-29
Size: 52 flashcards
Views: 15
Created: 2010-09-29
Size: 52 flashcards
Views: 15
About StudyBlue
STUDYBLUE makes things that make you better at school.
Things like online flashcards with photos and audio.
Things like personalized quizzes and friendly reminders about when (and what) to study next.
Think of it as a digital backpack™: access to all of your study materials online and on your phone.
STUDYBLUE exists to make studying efficient and effective for every student, for free. Join us.
“I have used this website for three exams, and I see a huge difference in my test results.”
Naj
Naj