India + China

World Civilizations Honors with Felt at Olympus High School

About this deck

By: Jacob Alder
Created: 2011-09-26
Size: 66 flashcards
Views: 12

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Hinduism Beliefs

Polytheism

Physical world is an illusion

Reincarnation helps overcome illusion

"Time in Hinduism"

Bird Flying over Himalayas

Reincarnation

Each person has a jiva: each jiva contains part of God,. God is in Jiva, Jiva is in God. Same jiva travels through countless lifetimes progressing through animal life forms. Eventually gets to human, then tries to progress to being "one with God."

Caste System

Jatis

Nearly 3,000 castes.

Most common are "Untouchables or paraiah"-serfs (Servants?)-merchants-warriors-priests

Karma

Boomerang

Dharma

Duty: Moral obligations of each caste

Moksha

attained by overcoming illusion, the spirit proceeds to merge with God.

BRAHMAN

Polytheism/monotheism?

All gods are manifestations of THE God. Universal cosmic force, etc.

Brahma

Creator

Shiva

Destruct, create, fertility, wrath mystical dance

vishnu

sustainer

RAMA AND KRISHNA ARE AVATARS

ganesha

elephant god of wisdom + worldly success

Shakti

Sucked up demon blood and is mother goddess

Agni

Fire

Indra

Heaven and Arjuna's father.

Mahabarata

Longest book--5,000 plus pages, about warring cousins (pandavas + and kurus -)

Main focus on Arjuna. Contains Bhagavad Gita- convo between Krish and Arj.

Bhagavad Gita

Most important religious script. Krish. and Arj. Conversation

Varanasi

City at junction of rivers. HOLY!! 108 temples. Stairs to Ganges.

Ganges

Holy river. 60,000 people a day bathe. 30,000 corpses in ganges in 2008. 120x more contaminated than sage levels.

Ascetisim

Extreme edge. Inflict pain on oneself.

Mauryan empire

chandragupta started it-capital at pataliputra

Ashoka

good guy--leader, pillars, et. al.

gupta dynasty

golden age

Literary works

Kalidasha

Counting system

Medicine

Architecture

Mughal Empire

Islmaic Empire

Akbar

Divine Faith (mix of religions)

Shah Jahan

Taj Mahal. Wealthiest leader, built red pyramid and taj in honor of his wife.

Chou

Longest dynasty, same area as shang

Confucious: Great philosopher...

Shang Dynasty

first general dynasty--oracle bones and decapitated servants buried with master, etc.

leadership and obedience to those who rule.

father-son

husband-wife

ruler-subjec

elder brother-younger, etc.

Mencius

150 years after confucius, compiled all of his works etc. in the ANALECTS. Dialogue format

Daoism/taoism

humans are out of sync with nature. Every other living thing is in sync with nature, except for humans. Teaches that stress comes from conflict.

The Dao

The way, the way of nature, the way of the universe etc. A person must yield his ego to the dao to attain harmony and peace. Promotes a non-competitive attitude.

Tao Te Ching

Some of the most complicated works in any religion. Very contradictory.

Yin/yang

To have one you must have the other, they complement each other.

Buddhism in China

Entered China during the Han Dynasty. Brotherhoods were created: huge monasteries. Monks = no sex, families, etc.

Yungang

nearly 100,000 buddhist statues cut into the cliffs.

the 3 philosophies

Buddhism

taoism

confucianism

Sacred Beings

Gods of the 5 directions (NESW and Center), shang di, buddha, nature spirits, ancestors, five activities (water, fire, metal, soil, wood)

Trigrams

Belief that if you can control the trigrams you can control nature.

Lo Document

numbers 1-9, supposedly what the Gods use to control nature.

Scientific Research?

No go. If you find something that contradicts current science it is cast out.

Chinese Inventions

paper

printing press

compass

suspension bridge

collar/harness

wheel barrow

accupuncture

gunpowder

Art

: Panoramic views of landscape, painted on silk or scrolls. With black ink only, fine pointed brushes, change in color created by change in pressure.

Poetry

Shih: Rhymed couplets. 4, 5, or 7 words/syallbles?

Caligraphy

artistic writing; a window in to one's soul

Music

WEIRD. instruments made of string, metal, bamboo, wood, string, clay, stone.

Qin dynasty

Ruled by Qin Shih Huang Di.

First emperor of china. United the North and South

Standardized weights and measures, uniform writing symbols, law code. Great Wall(s) of China. Slept in 270 palaces. massive tomb with terra cotta warriors.

Terracotta warriors

Supposedly 7500 life size warriors in all shapes and patterns. Colored individualy and intricately.

HAN DYNASTY: CRITICAL FOR TEST

Chinese classical age. Same time as Rome. Heavily influenced chinese today. "Han Ren"

Han had best education system. 3 competitive tests to get in.

Merit Test (To become governmental official. Many based on Confucius)

Nomadic tribes

invaded northern China. At least 1 million people fled the north -> the south to aviod nomads. From this they gained: TEA, and RICE

Sui Dynasty

Reunified China. Built great canal (Connected yellow and yangtzee)

(bejing and hangzhou)

Tang Dynasty

Largest dynasty. Wealthiest, most populous plce at the time. Capital at Chang An.

Chang An

was the world's largest city in he 700 ADs. Streets as wide as football fields. Bery well planned out.

Emperor's palace ahd palaces within palaces, deluxe gardens, libraries, gardeners, reception halls, etc.

MONGOLS

People of the Felt Tents. Nomadic sheep herders. Excellent Horsemen

Conquests:

Conquered the largest contiguous Empire Ever.

Genghis Kahn: Military Genius

His horsemen could fire up to 6 arrows a minute while galloping. WHILE GALLOPING!!!

Genghis Kahn

hated cities. Loved terror. he destroyed to the ground nearly 80 large cities.

Like Kawarzan. They killed his amabassadors (just 2) so he killed, raped, and maimed every person in the city. That's a lot of death.

Genghis Con't

His life story is recorded in the "SECRET HISTORY OF THE MONGOLS"

Ogodei

Conquered Russia, raided easter europe. His death may have saved europe.

Kublai Kahn

Grandson of Genghis. He conquered China. Mongols Ruled China from 1279-1368. He was big into palaces and cities unlike grandpappy. Took care of peasants, scholars with food storage, money, agriculture for peasants, etc.

Kublai Conquest

He tried to conquer Japan. Japan is the one place where the Mongols were defeated.

Marco Polo

Fantastic Memory. Child Prodigy. Spent a lot of time with KUBLAI. When he was imprisoned during the venetian war he told the story of the mongols to a prisoner who recorded it. Called "TRAVELS OF MARCO POLO

MING DYNASTY: CRITICAL FOR TEST

DEFEATED THE MONGOLIAN EMPIRE UNDER DIRECTION OF A former BUDDHIST PRIEST IN 1368. Deal? Created the Forbidden City. HUGE armada with ships 400' by 170'.

Forbidden City:

250 acres of palaces, libraries, plazas, etc. ONLY FOR THE ROYAL FAMILY. the roofing was done in gold.

Yung Lo

The emperor of the Ming Dynasty and creator of the massive armada and forbidden city. When he died his fleet of 100 ships was destroyed, which allowed Europeans to conquer the world.

Ming Armada

Largest wooden sailing ships ever constructed. Some ships had up to 9 masts and were 400' by 170' = way big. Admiral Zheng he/Cheng ho was in charge of the armada. Sailed all over the indian and chinese oceans trading. Beat Euro by 80 years!

Neo-confucianism

Confucius guide lines became conservative laws. Extreme emphasis on tradition. Great importance placed on the male patriarchs of the family. Harsh Laws on disobedient children. Kid could be beheaded. Foot binding started from this.

About this deck

By: Jacob Alder
Created: 2011-09-26
Size: 66 flashcards
Views: 12

About StudyBlue

“I have been getting MUCH better grades on all my tests for school. Flash cards, notes, and quizzes are great on here. Thanks!”
Kathy