Intro to Lighting Design

Theater And Dance 211 with Mancuso at Rutgers University - New Brunswick/Piscataway

About this deck

By: Laura Williams
Textbook:

The Longman Anthology of Drama and Theater: A Global Perspective, Compact Edition
Created: 2011-02-06
Size: 93 flashcards
Views: 44

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lighting in ancient greece

done during the day; to create illusion of night, used a black backdrop and carried lanterns and candles

lighting in roman theater

Romans all about spectacles: used real fire on stage

created the lightning effect

lighting in the imperial period in Rome

shows put on indoors at night

used basic work lights

lighting in Medieval period

outdoors, morality plays on passion wagons

first touring theater production

deemed term "lux"

lux

light; "soul of the space"; now lumens

term given in Medieval period

lux and lumens now used to measure light

lighting in Italian Renaissance

advent of modern light

torches, candles, and oil lamps; however these didn't give an even plane of light, so they start playing with different ideas

Serlio in this period

Sebastiano Serlio

started as set builder

wrote first lighting textbook

created sidelights/boom lights: hides how lit and separates stage from house

used directional lighting to suggest time of day with sun placement

colors light; oil in front of candle

reflector: basin

How did Serlio reflect light?

a basin behind the light

How did Serlio color light?

oil in front of candles

Why should stage be lit evenly?

otherwise becomes a distraction

Angelo Ingegneri

late 1500s

famous for the idea that house should be dimmed; reason why house now out

idea that actors' faces was the key

Whose idea was it to put the house lights out?

Angelo Ingegneri

Who wrote the first lighting textbook?

Sebastiano Serlio

Nicolas Sabatini

early 1600s

plays with dimming lights: metal tube like a soup can over candle to mask some of light

electricity

use of electrical force to do work

electronics

control flow of electricity

valence shell

out orbit with only one electron; often borrowed

insulators

don't carry electricity

examples of insulators

plastics, rubber, glass, wood

most commonly used conductor

copper; because cheap and flexible

what are the three kinds of circuits?

series, parallel, combination

Series Circuit

all connected

Parallel Circuit

all independent

Combination Circuit

uses a switch

Kinetic energy

having to do with movement

lamp

what we call light bulbs

Bulbs

the outer glass fixture of a lamp

Atom

smallest particle of a chemical element that retains structure properties

Proton

particle of structure in nucleus; positive charge

Neutron

in nucleus; neutral charge

Electron

orbits around nucleus; negative charge

ampere

unit of measurement of electrical current

potential

difference in electrical charge between two bodies; measured in volts

volt

unit of measurement of electrical potential

load

device that converts electrical energy into another form; a lamp converts electrical energy into light energy and heat energy

circuit

a conductive path through which electricity flows

fuse

device to protect a circuit from overload; soft metal strip that melts and breaks circuit continuity

circuit breaker

device used to protect circuit from overload; bi-metal device that trips open when heated by excess current, breaking circuit continuity

resistance

opposition to electron flow within a conductor, measured in ohms. amount of resistance dependent on chemical makeup of the material through which the electricity is flowing

Ohm's law states:

as voltage increases, current increases; as resistance increases, current decreases.

watt

unit of measurement of power required to do work

Power Formula/Pie formula

P=IE

P=power in watts

I=current in amperes

E=voltage in volts

Ohm's law mathematically

I=E/R

I=current in amperes

E=voltage in volts

R=resistance in ohms

West Virginia Formula

W=VA

W=power in watts

V=voltage in volts

A=current in amperes

system ground

the grounding point--usually a metal rod driven into the earth

focal length

distance from lens at which the light rays converge into a point; for lenses used in stage lighting instruments, most frequently measured in inches

plano-convex lens

lens with one flat and one outward-curving surface

diffuse

to soften appearance of light by using translucent filtering element to scatter rays

filament

the light producing part of a lamp

source

the origin of electrical potential, such as a battery or wall-outlet

pigtail

electrical cable containing hot, neutral, and ground wires used to connected a lighting instrument to a power source

grounding plug

plug that connects to the ground in addition to electrical service

functions/objectives of light

1.visibility

2.mood

3.modeling (revelation of form)

4.composition

5.selective focus

6.information

controllable properties of light

1.intensity

2. distribution (shape, direction, quality)

3.movement

4.color

alternating current

pushes and pulls power back and forth

allows longer distance, higher voltage

three basic features in each lamp

reflector, lamp, lens

plano lens

flat

convex lens

rounded out

beam angle

hottest spot in light

field angle

remaining light that isn't beam angle

step lens

creates same effect as a thicker lens but with less glass so it won't break

Augustus Fresnel

started cutting into convex part, originally made for light houses

what were fresnels originally for?

light houses

yolk

the bar that goes around the light for tilt and pan

lamp cap

holds the lamp

gobo stands for?

goes before optics

ellipsoidal reflector spotlight

-rays bounce around ellipse, hit the foci

-second focal point flips the image like eyes do

source 4

-cleaner diameter, can't see beam angle versus field angle

-more shutter options

-cold mirror, uses filter

fresnel

-more commonly used in film and tv

-vertical lamp

-softer edge

-lamp moves inside

PAR can

-doesn't spread up and down, just horizontally

-reflector, lens, and lamp all in one piece that is them put in can

-quickly focuses

-very bright

what were par cans originally?

car head lights

open arc

a light source in which the two electrodes operate in the open air

footcandle

international unit of illumination

throw distance

how far light from an instrument travels from its hanging position to the center of the area of focus

dichroic filter

filter that reflects rather than absorbs unwanted wavelengths while allowing desired wavelengths to pass through filter

zoom ellipse

ellipsoidal reflector spotlight with movable lenses that allow the focal length to change

strip lights

par cans in long strip

every third is circuited together

aka border lights

border lights

strip lights

zip strips

super small lamps

wired in series, uses less power

parts of a follow spotlight

arc lamp (as it warms up, gets brighter)

flapper (to dim)

iris

clapper

color boomerang

scoop light

no lens, just elliptic reflector

beam projector

no lens, parabolic reflector

with haze, can really see beam

flat

beam of light, the output of which is essentially smooth from edge to edge when measured

peak

beam of light, the output of which has a noticeable hot spot in center

shutter cut

the straight-line edge created by ERS shutter

dremel tool

handheld router to cut gobos

barn door

fresnel accessory

funny

fresnel accessory; also called snoot or top hat

roundel

glass color medium for used with striplights

douser

mechanical dimming device used in follow spots

transformer

changes the voltage in electrical system

two kinds of dimming

mechanical and electronic

About this deck

By: Laura Williams
Textbook:

The Longman Anthology of Drama and Theater: A Global Perspective, Compact Edition
Created: 2011-02-06
Size: 93 flashcards
Views: 44

About StudyBlue

“Simply amazing. The flash cards are smooth, there are many different types of studying tools, and there is a great search engine. I praise you on the awesomeness.”
Dennis