Islam
Religious Studies 100 with Richards at University of Wisconsin - Eau Claire
About this deck
By: Sarah Bingea
Textbook: Experiencing the World's Religions
Created: 2011-05-14
Size: 60 flashcards
Views: 122
Textbook: Experiencing the World's Religions
Created: 2011-05-14
Size: 60 flashcards
Views: 122
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Mecca
Muhammad born here; today is Saudi Arabia
Qur'an
"recitation" The Muslim sacred book
hadiths
"recollections"; "narratives"; remembrances of Muhammad by his early followers
Kabah
"cube"; shrine that holds meteorite; square shrine at the center of the great mosque of Mecca
Khadija
First wife of Muhammad
Gabriel
Muhammad saw this angel in his revelation
Muslims
"people who submit" to God (Allah)
Hijra
"flight" or "migration" Muhammad's escape from Mecca to Yathrib (Medina)
mosque
a Muslim Place of worship
Yathrib (Medina)
Muhammad's message favorably received; start of Islamic community; first mosque set up here
Islam
"surrender" "submission"; indicating wholehearted surrender to God
Allah
Not a name for God but means God; has no gender
Muhammad
he is called "seal of the prophets"; God's prophet or messenger, not divine or supernatural figure
Muslims
believe good and evil forces are in constant battle and that life on earth is filled with choices that lead to the most serious consequences
Creed, Prayer, Charity to the Poor, Fasting during Ramadan, Pilgimage to Mecca
the five pillars of Islam
Creed (shahadah)
First sentence whispered into a newborn's ear; "There is no God but Allah, and Muhammad is his messenger"; emphasizes there is only ONE GOD; rejects christian notion of Trinity
Prayer (Salat)
Called on to pray five times a day; before they pray expected to perform a ritual purification with water, washing the hands, arms, face, neck, and feet
minaret
tower used by a chanter to call people to prayer
muezzin
chanter who calls peopler to prayer
qiblah
direction toward Mecca; the direction toward which Muslims pray
mihrab
decorated niche inside a mosque that indicates the direction of Mecca
Charity to the Poor (Zakat)
Islamic practice demands that believers donate certain percentages of their total income, herds, and produce from fields and orchards each year to the poor; not a tax on yearly income but tax on all that one owns
Fasting during Ramadan (Sawm)
thought to be good for individual spiritual growth, and it is also important bond that unites Muslims during period of shared fasting known as Ramadan
Ramadan
The month of fasting; the ninth month of Muslim calendar
Pilgrimage to Mecca (Hajj)
religious journey by
Id al-Adha
The Day of Sacrifice during the month of the Hajj when an animal is sacrificed to recall the submission of Abraham
Id al-Fitr
festival at the end of the month of Ramadan during which people feast and visit friends and often the graves of ancestors
sura
Chapter of the Qur'an
caliph
"successor"; a religious and political leader
Peoples of the Book
Jews and Christians who rely upon a written scripture that is preliminary to Islam
Seal of the Prophets
title given to Muhammad indicating that he is the last of the prophets to speak for God
Sharia
"Path" the whole body of Islamic law that guides Muslim life
Jihad
"Effort", "exertion", "struggle" the exertion involved in the practice and spread of Islam. A more restricted meaning has been the notion of a "holy war" to spread or maintain Islam
1. Belief in Allah, 2. Belief in God's Angels, 3. Belief in God's Prophets, 4. Belief in God's Holy Books, 5. Belief in the Day of Judgment
Name 5 articles of belief.
Qur'an
THe sacred scripture of the Muslims, regarded as the word of God dictated to Muhammad by God through archangel Gabriel. The prophet received and recited the messages over approximately 20 years.
Sunni
"tradition"; sees itself as preserving the traditions and teachings of Muhammad
Sunni
between 80 and 85 percent of Muslims
Sunni
Religious authority had by Caliphs; and by the Qur'an and Hadith; Consensus and Analogy of current cases to historical ones. Traces authority back to first caliph
Sharia
"the way" or the "law"; the entire body of teachings of Islam
Abu Bakr
Muhammad's friend/ first Caliph
Shiite
"faction"; sees itself as preserving a special teaching of Muhammad about religious authority in every age of Islam's history
Shiite
About 10-15% of Muslims
Sufi
comes from the word wool; reference to types of clothing once worn by Muslims
Sufi
Mystical branch or Islam; relies upon a direct relation to Allah that any mystical believer can attain; Each mystical seeker tries to establish his/her own authority in relation to Allah
Sufi
ceremonies reflect mystical orientation; "whirling dervishes"
Sufi
Less than 5% of Muslims
Wali (fem. Waliyya) or saint
person who reaches The Destination of the Path, which is Intimacy With God. Literally one who is near to God.
Rabia (717-801)
One of great early Sufi saints was a woman mystic; left behind ecstatic writings that speak of God as her divine lover; famous for that she sought God simply for himself alone not her her sake but for his
fana
"extinction" sense of loss of self; occurs in mystical experience: when the self is gone, all that remains is God
zl-Ghazali (1058-1111)
renowned professor in Baghdad who adopted sufism. formed a brotherhood of Sufis, but he insisted on keeping orthodox law and practice as well. Blended Sufism with traditional practice
Maulawiya
Sufi order founded by Jalal-ud- Din Rumi. became known for its circular dance, which could assist mystical experience
whirling dervish
member of the Maulawiya order
dhikr
devotional remembrance of Allah through the recitation of his 99 names and other devotional practices; part of sufism
imam
a religious leader; specifically, one of the hereditary successors of Muhammad, venerated in Shiite Islam
The Night Journey or Night of Ascent
Angel Gabriel guided Muhammad upward to the highest heaven, he encountered angels and the great prophets of the past,Abraham and Jesus, and at last entered into the presence of God; confirmed for Muhammad his vocation as prophet and messenger of God
anno Hegirae A.H.
"in the year of the Hijra" Hijra marks the Muslim calendar as year 1; 622 CE
umma
Islamic community
Friday: The Day of Public Prayer
on other days, people may pray privately, at home at work, in a mosque; originally on Saturday but Muhammad received revelation different; usually performed at midday; men usually only pray at mosques- if women allowed, they are in separate area
Sunday
Day of Public rest, because of European colonial influence, comes on this day; some recognize Friday as this day
Jinn
In Arabia, a race of beings created from fire, distinguished from humans, who were created from clay. Some jinn are good and some are bad.
About this deck
By: Sarah Bingea
Textbook: Experiencing the World's Religions
Created: 2011-05-14
Size: 60 flashcards
Views: 122
Textbook: Experiencing the World's Religions
Created: 2011-05-14
Size: 60 flashcards
Views: 122
About StudyBlue
STUDYBLUE makes things that make you better at school.
Things like online flashcards with photos and audio.
Things like personalized quizzes and friendly reminders about when (and what) to study next.
Think of it as a digital backpack™: access to all of your study materials online and on your phone.
STUDYBLUE exists to make studying efficient and effective for every student, for free. Join us.
“Simply amazing. The flash cards are smooth, there are many different types of studying tools, and there is a great search engine. I praise you on the awesomeness.”
Dennis
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